# Susanna Temple

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{{Short description|English courtier (1600–1669)}}
[[File:Cornelius Johnson - Portrait of Susanna Temple, Later Lady Lister - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|right|Portrait of Susanna Temple, later Lady Lister (1620), by [Cornelius Johnson](/source/Cornelius_Johnson_(artist))]] 

'''Susanna Temple, Lady Lister''' (formerly Thornhurst; 1600–1669) was an English courtier.

She was a daughter of [Alexander Temple](/source/Alexander_Temple) of [Etchingham](/source/Etchingham) and Mary Penistone, {{nee| Mary Sommer or Somers}} (a daughter of [John Somers](/source/John_Somers_(courtier))).<ref>R. H. D'Elboux, "Coats of Arms in Queenborough Castle", ''Archaeologia Cantiana'', 58 (London, 1945), pp. 14–15.</ref><ref>Elizabeth Askren, 'Susanna Temple Thornhurst Lister', in Carole Levin, Anna Riehl Bertolet, Jo Eldridge Carney, ''A Biographical Encyclopedia of Early Modern Englishwomen'' (Routledge, 2017), pp. 101-102.</ref> She is said to have been a [maid of honour](/source/maid_of_honour) to [Anne of Denmark](/source/Anne_of_Denmark),<ref>James Granger, ''A Biographical History of England'', vol. 1 part 2 (London, 1769), p. 554.</ref> although she is not known to be named in any records of the court.<ref>Elizabeth Askren, 'Susanna Temple Thornhurst Lister', in Carole Levin, Anna Riehl Bertolet, Jo Eldridge Carney, ''A Biographical Encyclopedia of Early Modern Englishwomen'' (Routledge, 2017), p. 101.</ref>
thumb|left|Susanna Temple, Lady Lister (1621)
Her portrait was painted by [Cornelius Johnson](/source/Cornelius_Johnson_(artist)) in 1620. She is depicted wearing a drop earring, including a [martlet](/source/martlet), the bird is part of the Temple coat of arms.<ref>James Granger, ''A Biographical History of England'', vol. 1 part 2 (London, 1769), p. 554: Karen Hearn, ''Cornelius Johnson'' (Paul Holberton, 2015), pp. 12-13: Karen Hearn, ''Dynasties: Painting in Tudor and Jacobean England, 1530-1630'' (London, 1996), p. 216: Granger says there was a portrait in her wedding costume.</ref> 

Another portrait was painted in 1621 by an artist working in the manner of [Marcus Gheeraerts the Younger](/source/Marcus_Gheeraerts_the_Younger). There is also a miniature in the manner of [Nicholas Hilliard](/source/Nicholas_Hilliard), with her hair down.{{cn|date=December 2022}}

She married [Sir Gifford Thornhurst](/source/Thornhurst_baronets) of [Agney Court, Kent](/source/The_manor_of_Agney%2C_Kent) (d. 1627), the son of [William Thornhurst](/source/William_Thornhurst) (d. 1606) and Anne Howard, a daughter of [Thomas Howard, Viscount Bindon](/source/Thomas_Howard%2C_1st_Viscount_Howard_of_Bindon).<ref>[John Nichols](/source/John_Nichols_(printer)), ''Bibliotheca Topographica Britannica'', vol. 1 (London, 1790), p. 104, [Herne, Kent](/source/Herne%2C_Kent).</ref> Their daughter Frances, born after the death of Gifford in 1627, and named after one of his sisters, was the mother of [Sarah Jennings, Duchess of Marlborough](/source/Sarah_Jennings%2C_Duchess_of_Marlborough).

In 1626 her sister-in-law Grace Thornhurst (d. 1636) married the poet [Mildmay Fane](/source/Mildmay_Fane%2C_2nd_Earl_of_Westmorland). Her brother-in-law, Thomas Thornhurst wrote a description of [Lanzarote](/source/Lanzarote).<ref>Tom Cain, ''The Poetry of Mildmay Fane, Second Earl of Westmorland'' (Manchester, 2001), pp. 11, 417: The inscription at Herne, however, states that Gifford was an only son.</ref>

As a widow she was involved in litigation over a debt to [Sir John Lambe](/source/John_Lambe_(Dean_of_the_Arches)).<ref>John Bruce, ''Calendar of State Papers, Domestic Series, of the Reign of Charles I: 1631-1633'' (London, 1862), p. 496.</ref>

Her second husband was [Sir Martin Lister](/source/Martin_Lister_(MP)) of [Thorpe Arnold](/source/Thorpe_Arnold), nephew of [Matthew Lister](/source/Matthew_Lister_(died_1657)), one of Anne of Denmark's physicians, and friend of [Mary Sidney](/source/Mary_Sidney).<ref>Anne Marie Roos, ''The Correspondence of Dr Martin Lister: 1662–1677'', vol. 1 (Leiden: Brill, 2015), p. 7.</ref> Their son [Martin Lister](/source/Martin_Lister) became physician to [Queen Anne](/source/Anne%2C_Queen_of_Great_Britain).<ref>James Granger, ''A Biographical History of England'', vol. 1 part 2 (London, 1769), p. 554.</ref> Some of her letters to Martin at college in Oxford survive.<ref>Anna Marie Roos, ''The Correspondence of Dr Martin Lister: 1662–1677'', vol. 1 (Leiden: Brill, 2015), p. 141.</ref>

She died in 1669.

==External links==
* [https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/johnson-portrait-of-susanna-temple-later-lady-lister-t03250 Portrait of Susanna Temple, Later Lady Lister, Tate]
* [http://lister.history.ox.ac.uk/index-page_id=282.html 'Susanna Lister: Lady-in-Waiting and Lister’s Mother', The Travel Journal of Dr Martin Lister (1639-1712)]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Temple, Susanna}}
Category:1600 births
Category:1669 deaths
Category:English maids of honour
Category:Household of Anne of Denmark
Category:People from Etchingham
Category:Wives of knights
Category:Date of birth unknown
Category:Date of death unknown
Category:17th-century English women courtiers
Category:17th-century English courtiers

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Susanna Temple](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susanna_Temple) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susanna_Temple?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.