# Strumariinae

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> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Strumariinae.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strumariinae
> Source revision: 1355349143
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{{Short description|Subtribe of flowering plants}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Hessea gemmata1.jpg
|image_caption = ''[Strumaria gemmata](/source/Strumaria_gemmata)''
|taxon = Strumariinae
|authority = [Traub](/source/Hamilton_Traub) ex [D.Müll.-Doblies & U.Müll.-Doblies](/source/D.M%C3%BCll.-Doblies_%26_U.M%C3%BCll.-Doblies)<ref>Bot. Jahrb. 107: 18. 1985 emend Meerow & Snijman, 2001</ref>
|synonyms_ref =
|synonyms =
|subdivision_ranks = Genera
|subdivision = See text
|type_genus =  ''[Strumaria](/source/Strumaria)''
|type_genus_authority = [Jacq.](/source/Jacq.)
}}

'''Strumariinae''' is one of four subtribes within the [tribe](/source/tribe_(biology)) [Amaryllideae](/source/Amaryllideae) ([subfamily](/source/subfamily) [Amaryllidoideae](/source/Amaryllidoideae), [family](/source/Family_(taxonomy)) [Amaryllidaceae](/source/Amaryllidaceae)), found in southern Africa.{{sfn|Meerow|Snijman|2001}}{{sfn|Vigneron|2008}}

==Description ==
[[File:Crossyne guttata IMG 2410c.jpg|thumb|''[Crossyne guttata](/source/Crossyne_guttata)'', showing prostrate leaves]]
The [leaves](/source/leaves) are often prostrate (on the ground). The flowers may be [zygomorphic](/source/zygomorphic) or actinomorphic, and may or may not have a [perigone](/source/perianth) [tube](/source/floral_tube). The [stamens](/source/stamens) are [connate](/source/connation) (fused) into a tube at their proximal end. However ''Strumaria'' has one [whorl](/source/whorl_(botany)) of the stamens fused to the [style](/source/style_(botany)). The [fruit](/source/fruit) is [dehiscent](/source/dehiscent) with [seeds](/source/seeds) that have a well-developed [integument](/source/integument) that is [chlorophyllous](/source/chlorophyllous) with a stomatose [testa](/source/testa_(botany)).{{sfn|Meerow|Snijman|2001}}

== Taxonomy ==

=== Phylogeny ===
Strumariinae are placed within Amaryllideae as follow:

These are phylogenetically related as follows:

{{clade
| label1= Tribe '''Amaryllideae'''
| 1= {{clade
| 1= Subtribe [Amaryllidinae](/source/Amaryllidinae)
| 2= {{clade
| 1= Subtribe [Boophoninae](/source/Boophoninae)
| 2= {{clade
|       1= Subtribe '''Strumariinae'''
|       2= Subtribe [Crininae](/source/Crininae)
     }}
}}
}}
}}

=== Subdivision ===

Strumariinae consists of six genera, related as follows, with number of species in each genus in (parentheses):{{sfn|Meerow|Snijman|2001}}

{{clade
| label1 = '''Strumariinae'''
| 1= {{clade

| 1= {{clade
|     1={{clade
|       1=''[Nerine](/source/Nerine)'' (~23)
|       2={{clade
|         1={{clade
|           1={{clade
|             1= ''[Brunsvigia](/source/Brunsvigia)'' (~23)
|             2= ''[Namaquanula](/source/Namaquanula)'' (2)
              }}
|           2=''[Hessea](/source/Hessea)'' (13)
            }}
          }}
       }}
|     2=''[Strumaria](/source/Strumaria)'' (24)
    }}
| 2= ''[Crossyne](/source/Crossyne)'' (2)
   }}
}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bibliography ==
{{refbegin|30em}}

* {{cite journal|last1=Müller-Doblies|first1=U.|last2=Müller-Doblies|first2=D.|authorlink2=Dietrich Müller-Doblies|authorlink1=Ute Müller-Doblies|title=Tribes and subtribes and some species combinations in Amaryllidaceae J St Hil R Dahlgren & al. 1985|journal=Feddes Repertorium|date=1996|volume=107|issue=5–6|pages=S.c.1–S.c.9}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Meerow|first1=Alan W.|last2=Snijman|first2=Deirdre A.|authorlink1=Alan Meerow|title=Phylogeny of Amaryllidaceae Tribe Amaryllideae Based on nrDNA ITS Sequences and Morphology|journal=[American Journal of Botany](/source/American_Journal_of_Botany)|date=December 2001|volume=88|issue=12|pages=2321–2330|doi=10.2307/3558392|jstor=3558392|pmid=21669663}}
* Snijman, D. A. and H. P. Linder. 1996. Phylogenetic relationships, seed characters, and dispersal system evolution in Amaryllideae (Amaryllidaceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 83: 362-386
* {{cite web|last1=Vigneron|first1=Pascal|title=Amaryllidaceae|url=http://www.amaryllidaceae.org//index.htm|website=Amaryllidaceae.org|date=2008|access-date=23 October 2014|language=French|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104114211/http://www.amaryllidaceae.org/index.htm|archive-date=4 January 2015|url-status=dead}}
* {{cite web|title=Amaryllidaceae: A taxonomic tool for the Amaryllidaceae of the world|url=http://amaryllidaceae.e-monocot.org/|publisher=[eMonocot](/source/eMonocot)|ref={{harvid|eMonocot|2016}}|access-date=2016-02-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304161517/http://amaryllidaceae.e-monocot.org/|archive-date=2016-03-04|url-status=dead}}
* [http://www.springerlink.com/content/v124q34651442612/fulltext.pdf?page=1 Katja Weiehhardt-Kulessa, Thomas Bórner, Jiirgen Sehmitz, Ute Müller-Doblies, and Dietrich Müller-Doblies. 2000. Controversial taxonomy of Strumariinae (Amaryllidaceae) investigated by nuclear rDNA (ITS) sequences. 1. ''Hessea, Namaquanula, Kamiesbergia'', and ''Dewinterella''. Plant Syst. Evol. 223:1-13 (2000)]{{Dead link|date=February 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

{{refend}}

== External links ==
* {{Wikispecies-inline}}
* {{Commons-inline}}

{{Amaryllidaceae}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q10917709}}

Category:Amaryllidoideae
Category:Plant subtribes

{{Amaryllidaceae-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Strumariinae](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strumariinae) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strumariinae?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.