# Strabomantis cornutus

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{{Short description|Species of amphibian}}
{{Speciesbox
| name  = Rio Suno robber frog
| status = VU
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 15 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Luis A. Coloma, Santiago Ron, John Lynch, Diego Almeida |date=2004 |title=''Strabomantis cornutus'' |volume=2004 |article-number=e.T56524A11491912 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T56524A11491912.en |access-date=15 November 2021}}</ref>
| genus  = Strabomantis
| species = cornutus
| authority = ([Jiménez de la Espada](/source/Marcos_Jim%C3%A9nez_de_la_Espada), 1870)
| synonyms = {{species list
 | Limnophys cornutus | Jiménez de la Espada, 1870
 | Limnophys napaeus | Jiménez de la Espada, 1870
 | Hylodes cornutus | (Jiménez de la Espada, 1870)
 | Ctenocranius cornutus | (Jiménez de la Espada, 1870)
 | Lithodytes cornutus | (Jiménez de la Espada, 1870)
 | Eleutherodactylus cornutus | (Jiménez de la Espada, 1870) }}
| synonyms_ref = <ref name=Frost/>
}}

'''''Strabomantis cornutus''''' is a species of [frog](/source/frog) in the family [Strabomantidae](/source/Strabomantidae). It is found along the eastern flank of the [Andes](/source/Andes) of Ecuador and Colombia ([Cordillera Oriental](/source/Cordillera_Oriental_(Colombia))) north to [Caquetá Department](/source/Caquet%C3%A1_Department).<ref name=Frost/><ref name=AWE/> Common name '''Rio Suno robber frog''' has been coined for it.<ref name=Frost/> It has been confused with other species (e.g., ''[Strabomantis sulcatus](/source/Strabomantis_sulcatus)'').<ref name=Frost/><ref name="Lynch 1975"/>

==Description==
Adult males measure about {{convert|36|-|43|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} (based on two young males) and adult females at least {{convert|54|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} in snout–vent length (size of a young female).<ref name=AWE/><ref name="Lynch 1975"/> The snout is truncate in lateral profile. The [tympanum](/source/Tympanum_(anatomy)) is prominent.<ref name="Lynch 1975"/> Skin is prominently tuberculate dorsally and smooth ventrally. The eyelid bears 1–2 elongated tubercles. The finger and toe discs are small; the toes have lateral fringes but no webbing.<ref name="Lynch 1975"/><ref name="Lynch 1997"/> The [dorsum](/source/Dorsum_(anatomy)) is dull reddish brown or dull olive-brown with black and reddish brown markings. The venter is dark brown or brown dotted with (grayish) white. The posterior surfaces of the thighs are black with white or blueish white flecks.<ref name="Lynch 1975"/><ref name=AWE/>

==Habitat and conservation==
''Strabomantis cornutus'' occurs in [cloud forest](/source/cloud_forest)s at elevations of {{convert|1150|–|1800|m|abbr=on}} [above sea level](/source/above_sea_level). It is largely a [nocturnal](/source/nocturnal_animal) and terrestrial species recorded on the forest floor and stream banks.<ref name="iucn status 15 November 2021" /><ref name=AWE/> It is a rare species threatened by [habitat loss](/source/habitat_loss) caused by agriculture, human settlement, and logging. It is known from the [Podocarpus National Park](/source/Podocarpus_National_Park) (Ecuador) and its range overlaps with a few other protected areas.<ref name="iucn status 15 November 2021" />

==References==
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name=AWE>{{cite web |url=https://bioweb.bio/faunaweb/amphibiaweb/FichaEspecie/Strabomantis%20cornutus |title=''Strabomantis cornutus'' |author=Frenkel, C. |author2=Guayasamín, J. M. | name-list-style = amp |year=2018 |editor1=Ron, S. R. |editor2=Yanez-Muñoz, M. H. |editor3=Merino-Viteri, A. |editor4=Ortiz, D. A. |work=AmphibiaWebEcuador. Version 2018.0 |publisher=Museo de Zoología, [Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador](/source/Pontificia_Universidad_Cat%C3%B3lica_del_Ecuador) (QCAZ) |access-date=11 June 2018}}</ref>

<ref name=Frost>{{cite web |url=https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/Amphibia/Anura/Brachycephaloidea/Strabomantidae/Strabomantinae/Strabomantis/Strabomantis-cornutus |title=''Strabomantis cornutus'' (Jiménez de la Espada, 1870) |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2022 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: An Online Reference. Version 6.1 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |access-date=15 October 2022}}</ref>

<ref name="Lynch 1975">{{cite journal |last1=Lynch |first1=J. D. |year=1975 |title=A review of the broad-headed eleutherodactyline frogs of South America (Leptodactylidae) |journal=Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas |volume=38 |pages=1–46 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/25660}}</ref>

<ref name="Lynch 1997">{{cite journal |last1=Lynch |first1=J. D. |year=2024 |title=Intrageneric relationships of mainland ''Eleutherodactylus'' II. A review of the ''Eleutherodactylus sulcatus'' group |journal=Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales |volume=21 |issue=80 |pages=353–372 |doi=10.18257/raccefyn.21(80).1997.2986 |url=http://www.accefyn.com/revista/Vol_21/80/353-372.pdf}}</ref>
}}

==External links==

{{Taxonbar|from=Q4675141}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Strabomantis Cornutus}}
cornutus
Category:Amphibians of the Andes
Category:Amphibians of Colombia
Category:Amphibians of Ecuador
Category:Amphibians described in 1870
Category:Taxa named by Marcos Jiménez de la Espada
Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Strabomantis cornutus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strabomantis_cornutus) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strabomantis_cornutus?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.