# Sticholonche

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Genus of single-celled organisms

Sticholonche S. zanclea from the Indian Ocean Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Clade: Sar Clade: Rhizaria Phylum: Radiolaria Class: Sticholonchea Order: Taxopodida (Poche 1913) Petrushevskaya 1977[1] Family: Sticholonchidae Hertwig 1877 Genus: Sticholonche Hertwig 1877 Species: S. zanclea Binomial name Sticholonche zanclea Hertwig, 1877

***Sticholonche*** is a genus of [radiolarians](/source/Radiolaria) with a single species, ***Sticholonche zanclea***, found in open [oceans](/source/Ocean) at depths of 99–510 metres. It is generally considered a [heliozoan](/source/Heliozoa), placed in its own order, called the [Taxopodida](/source/Taxopodida). However it has also been classified as an unusual radiolarian, and this has gained support from genetic studies, which place it near the [Acantharea](/source/Acantharea).[2]

*Sticholonche* are usually around 200 [μm](/source/Micrometre), though this varies considerably, and have a bilaterally symmetric shape, somewhat flattened and widened at the front. The [axopods](/source/Axopod) are arranged into distinct rows, six of which lie in a dorsal groove and are rigid, and the rest of which are mobile. These are used primarily for buoyancy, rather than feeding. They also have fourteen groups of prominent spines, and many smaller [spicules](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/spicule), although there is no central capsule as in true radiolarians.

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** ["Sticholonchea (Poche, 1913) Petrushevskaja, 1977"](https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxontree/id488888/?count=100&treetaxcat=177). *Biolib.cz*. Retrieved 29 December 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** T. Cavalier-Smith (1993). ["Kingdom Protozoa and Its 18 Phyla"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC372943). *Microbiological Reviews*. **57** (4): 953–994. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1128/MMBR.57.4.953-994.1993](https://doi.org/10.1128%2FMMBR.57.4.953-994.1993). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [372943](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC372943). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [8302218](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8302218).

## Further reading

- Eskinazi-Sant'Anna, EM (August 2006). ["Sticholonche zanclea (Protozoa, Actinopoda) in fecal pellets of copepods and Euphausia sp. in Brazilian coastal waters"](https://doi.org/10.1590%2FS1519-69842006000500009). *Brazilian Journal of Biology*. **66** (3): 839–47. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1590/S1519-69842006000500009](https://doi.org/10.1590%2FS1519-69842006000500009). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [17119831](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17119831).

v t e Rhizaria classification Domain Archaea Bacteria Eukaryota (major groups Metamonada Discoba Diaphoretickes Hacrobia Cryptista Rhizaria Alveolata Stramenopiles Plants Amorphea Amoebozoa Opisthokonta Animalia Fungi Mesomycetozoea) Cercozoa Granofilosea Cryptofilida Desmothoracidah Leucodictyidaaf Limnofilidaa Chlorarachneaa Chlorarachnida Minorisida Rhabdamoeba Monadofilosa Eoglissa Metromonadea Metopiida Metromonadida Helkeseaaf Helkesida Ventrifilosa Sarcomonadea*af Glissomonadida Katabiidae Paracercomonadida Cercomonadida Imbricatea Krakenida Spongomonadida Marimonadida Variglissida Discocelida Discomonadida Silicofilosea Thaumatomonadidaf Euglyphidat Thecofilosea Ventricleftia Ventricleftida Tectosia Tectofilosida Phaeodariah Phaeogymnocellida Phaeocystida Phaeosphaerida Phaeocalpida Phaeogromida Phaeoconchida Eothecia Cryomonadidaf Ebriaceaf Matazida Endomyxa Marimyxia Gromiidea Gromiidat Reticulosidaa Ascetosporeas Claustrosporida Haplosporida Mikrocytida Paradinida Paramyxida Proteomyxia Vampyrellidea Vampyrellida Phytomyxeam Phagomyxida Plasmodiophorida Marinomyxa Retaria Radiolariah Sticholonchea Taxopodida Acantharea Arthracanthida Chaunocanthida Holocanthida Symphyacanthida Polycystinea Collodaria Nassellaria Spumellaria Orodaria †Entactinaria Foraminiferaa Monothalamea* Allogromiida* Xenophyophorea Astrorhizida* Reticulomyxa Tubothalamea †Fusulinida Miliolida Spirillinida Ammodiscidae Globothalamea Textulariida Rotaliida Robertinida Carterinida Globigerinida †Globotruncanida †Heterohelicida †Guembelitriida Globigerinitoidea incertae sedis Involutinida Lagenida Heterogromia Komokiacea Rhizaria incertae sedis Aquavolonida Tremulida Gymnosphaeridah Labyrinthomyxidae Rhizoplasmidae Myxodictyium Pontomyxa Protomyxa Protogenes Pseudospora Discocelia *paraphyletic †extinct organization type: fflagellates; aamoebae; afamoeboflagellates; ttestate amoebae; hheliozoan amoebae; ssporozoan-like; mfungus-like.

Taxon identifiers Sticholonche Wikidata: Q20675300 Wikispecies: Sticholonche EoL: 2912242 GBIF: 4378331 IRMNG: 1023557 WoRMS: 235738 Sticholonche zanclea Wikidata: Q3772226 Wikispecies: Sticholonche zanclea GBIF: 4378332 IRMNG: 11677108 NCBI: 1054997 OBIS: 235739 Open Tree of Life: 4019179 WoRMS: 235739 Taxopodida Wikidata: Q21293813 Wikispecies: Taxopodida IRMNG: 12513 Open Tree of Life: 5574811 WoRMS: 591257 Sticholonchea Wikidata: Q21447651 Wikispecies: Sticholonchea EoL: 3063101 IRMNG: 11905065 Open Tree of Life: 5579022 WoRMS: 235736

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