# Stichococcus

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> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stichococcus
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{{Short description|Genus of algae}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image=Ulothrixandrelatedgenera021 Stichococcus.jpg
| image_upright=0.4
| taxon = Stichococcus
| authority = Nägeli
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = 
* ''[S. bacillaris](/source/Stichococcus_bacillaris)''
* ''[S. ampulliformis](/source/Stichococcus_ampulliformis)''
* ''[S. sp. NB2VFF10](/source/Stichococcus_sp._NB2VFF10)''
* ''[S. chlorelloides](/source/Stichococcus_chlorelloides)''
* ''[S. sp. BCP-SRS2-14](/source/Stichococcus_sp._BCP-SRS2-14)''
* ''[S. sp. MBIC10457](/source/Stichococcus_sp._MBIC10457)''
* ''[S. sp. MBIC10465](/source/Stichococcus_sp._MBIC10465)''
* ''[S. deasonii](/source/Stichococcus_deasonii)''
* ''[S. jenerensis](/source/Stichococcus_jenerensis)'' 
* ''[S. thannithode](/source/Stichococcus_thannithode)''
| synonyms =
}}

'''''Stichococcus''''' is a [genus](/source/genus) of [green algae](/source/green_algae) in the family [Stichococcaceae](/source/Stichococcaceae).<ref name=AlgaeBase>{{AlgaeBase genus|name=Stichococcus|id=38330|access-date=2025-01-04}}</ref> It is a very common algal genus found in a variety of habitats, such as tree trunks, soil, snow, freshwater and marine habitats.<ref name=John2014/> One species, ''[Stichococcus bacillaris](/source/Stichococcus_bacillaris)'' is economically important as it produces [fatty acid](/source/fatty_acid)s useful for [biofuel](/source/biofuel)s.<ref name=Van/>

The name ''Stichococcus'' originates from the Ancient Greek στίχος (''stíkhos'', "row, line") and κόκκος (''kókkos'', "seed" or "berry").<ref>{{cite book|title=Kryptogamen-Flora von Sachsen, Ober-Lausitz, Thüringen und Nord-Böhmen, mit Berücksichtigung der benachbarten Länder: erste Abtheilung: Algen im weitesten Sinne, Leber und Laubmoose|last1=Rabenhorst|first1=L.|date=1853|publisher= Verlag von Eduard Kummer|location=Leipzig|pages= i-xx, 1-653}}</ref>

==Description==
''Stichococcus'' consists of solitary cells or uniseriate filaments of few cells (2 to 4) that readily break apart.<ref name=AlgaeBase/> The cells are cylindrical, about three times longer than wide, straight or sometimes curved, with rounded ends often containing vacuoles. Cells are uninucleate with one thin, parietal [chloroplast](/source/chloroplast) with or without a [pyrenoid](/source/pyrenoid). Pyrenoids if present are located in the middle of the chloroplast but usually difficult to see. Reproduction occurs by vegetative cell division, and by the fragmentation of filaments.<ref name=AlgaeBase/><ref name=John2014>{{cite book |editor-first1=John D.|editor-last1=Wehr|editor-first2=Robert G.|editor-last2=Sheath|editor-first3=J. Patrick|editor-last3=Kociolek |date= 2014 |edition=2 |title= Freshwater Algae of North America: Ecology and Classification |last1= John|first1=David M.| last2=Rindi |first2=Fabio |chapter= Chapter 8. Filamentous (Nonconjugating) and Plantlike Green Algae |url= |location= |publisher= Elsevier Inc. |page= |isbn=978-0-12-385876-4 }}</ref>

==Taxonomy==
''Stichococcus'' is placed within the order [Prasiolales](/source/Prasiolales), equivalent to the ''[Prasiola](/source/Prasiola)''-clade found in literature. The morphological form of ''Stichococcus'' is not monophyletic, and therefore in 2020 it was split into several genera: ''[Protostichococcus](/source/Protostichococcus)'', ''[Deuterostichococcus](/source/Deuterostichococcus)'', ''[Tritostichococcus](/source/Tritostichococcus)'', ''[Tetratostichococcus](/source/Tetratostichococcus)'', and ''[Pseudostichococcus](/source/Pseudostichococcus)''. The similar morphology of all of these genera and species makes identification using morphology difficult or even impossible.<ref name=Proeschold>{{cite journal|doi=10.11646/phytotaxa.441.2.2 |title=The green puzzle ''Stichococcus'' (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta): New generic and species concept among this widely distributed genus. |date=2020 |last1=Pröschold |first1=Thomas |last2=Darienko |first2=Tatyana |journal=Phytotaxa |volume=441 |issue=2 |pages=113–142 }}</ref> ''Stichococcus'' and its relatives produce [sorbitol](/source/sorbitol) and [sucrose](/source/sucrose) as an [osmolyte](/source/osmolyte), when subjected to salt stress.<ref name=Van>{{cite journal|doi=10.4490/algae.2021.36.6.5 |title=A chemosystematic investigation of selected ''Stichococcus''-like organisms (Trebouxiophyta) |date=2021 |last1=Van |first1=Anh Tu |last2=Karsten |first2=Ulf |last3=Glaser |first3=Karin |journal=Algae |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=123–135 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist|1}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q2348169}}

Category:Trebouxiophyceae genera
Category:Prasiolales
Category:Terrestrial algae
Category:Freshwater algae
Category:Lichen photobionts

{{green algae-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Stichococcus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stichococcus) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stichococcus?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.