# Stegotretus

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***Stegotretus*** is an extinct [genus](/source/Genus) of [microsaur](/source/Microsauria) referred to the [Pantylidae](/source/Pantylidae). It is known from the [Carboniferous](/source/Carboniferous)–[Permian](/source/Permian) boundary [Cutler Formation](/source/Cutler_Formation) exposures of [New Mexico](/source/New_Mexico).[1]

## History of study

Material now referred to *Stegotretus* was first described (in brief) by Eberth & Berman (1983).[2] It was formally named by Berman et al. (1988).[1] The genus name comes from the Greek *stegos* ('roof') and *tretos* ('perforated') to refer to a large fenestra found on the [palatine](/source/Palatine_bone) bone. The species name, *S. agyrus*, is said to be derived from Greek *agyrus* ('gathering' / 'crowd') in reference to the concentration of all known specimens in a small area.[1] The proper word in ancient Greek for 'gathering' / 'crowd' is however *agora* (ἀγορά), with the variant *agyris* (ἄγυρις) in the [Aeolic](/source/Aeolic) dialect.[3] The holotype and referred materials are currently reposited in the [Carnegie Museum of Natural History](/source/Carnegie_Museum_of_Natural_History). A large number of partial to complete skulls and associated postcrania are known for this taxon.

## Anatomy

Despite the large number of specimens of *Stegotretus*, many are poorly preserved or distorted. *Stegotretus* is diagnosed by the presence of only two premaxillary teeth and by a large circular fenestra on the palatine. A contact between the maxilla and the quadratojugal and the absence of an entepicondylar foramen on the humerus separate it from the purportedly closely related *[Pantylus](/source/Pantylus)*.

## Relationships

*Stegotretus* was classified as a pantylid by Berman et al. (1988). This has been validated by phylogenetic analyses that include the taxon,[4][5][6] although it is sometimes recovered as being more closely related to *[Sparodus](/source/Sparodus)* than to *Pantylus* when all three taxa are sampled.[7] Below is the result of the analysis by Huttenlocker et al. (2013):

## References

1. Berman, D.S.; Eberth, D.A.; Brinkman, D.B. (1988). ["*Stegotretus agyrus*, a new genus and species of microsaur (amphibian) from the Permo-Pennsylvanian of New Mexico"](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/216919#page/317/mode/1up). *Annals of Carnegie Museum*. **57**: 293–323.

1. Eberth, David A. & Berman, David S (1983). ["Sedimentology and paleontology of Lower Permian fluvial redbeds of north-central New Mexico - preliminary report"](https://geoinfo.nmt.edu/publications/periodicals/nmg/5/n2/nmg_v5_n2_p21.pdf). *New Mexico Geology*. **5**: 21–25.

1. Liddell, H.G. & Scott, R. (1940). *A Greek-English Lexicon. Revised and augmented throughout by Sir Henry Stuart Jones with the assistance of Roderick McKenzie.*Oxford: Clarendon Press.

1. Huttenlocker, Adam K.; Pardo, Jason D.; Small, Bryan J.; Anderson, Jason S. (2013). "Cranial morphology of recumbirostrans (Lepospondyli) from the Permian of Kansas and Nebraska, and early morphological evolution inferred by micro-computed tomography". *Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology*. **33** (3): 540–552. [doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.728998](https://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2013.728998). [ISSN 0272-4634](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0272-4634)

1. Anderson, Jason S. (2001-03-01). "The Phylogenetic Trunk: Maximal Inclusion of Taxa with Missing Data in an Analysis of the Lepospondyli (Vertebrata, Tetrapoda)". *Systematic Biology*. **50** (2): 170–193. [doi:10.1080/10635150151125833](https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150151125833). [ISSN 1076-836X](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1076-836X)

1. Marjanović, David & Laurin, Michel (2019-01-04). "Phylogeny of Paleozoic limbed vertebrates reassessed through revision and expansion of the largest published relevant data matrix". *PeerJ*. **6**. [doi:10.7717/peerj.5565](https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5565). [ISSN 2167-8359](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2167-8359). [PMC 6322490](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6322490). [PMID 30631641](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30631641)

1. Ruta, Marcello; Jeffery, Jonathan E.; Coates, Michael I. (2003-12-07). "A supertree of early tetrapods". *Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences*. **270** (1532): 2507–2516. [doi:10.1098/rspb.2003.2524](https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2003.2524). [ISSN 1471-2954](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1471-2954). [PMC 1691537](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1691537). [PMID 14667343](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14667343)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Stegotretus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stegotretus) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stegotretus?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.