# Statistical study of energy data

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'''Energy statistics''' refers to collecting, compiling, analyzing and disseminating data on commodities such as [coal](/source/coal), [crude oil](/source/crude_oil), [natural gas](/source/natural_gas), [electricity](/source/electricity), or renewable energy sources ([biomass](/source/biomass), [geothermal](/source/geothermal_power), [wind](/source/wind_power) or [solar energy](/source/solar_power)), when they are used for the energy they contain. [Energy](/source/Energy) is the capability of some substances, resulting from their physico-chemical properties, to do [work](/source/Work_(thermodynamics)) or produce [heat](/source/heat). Some energy commodities, called [fuels](/source/fuels), release their [energy content](/source/energy_content) as heat when they [burn](/source/combustion). This heat could be used to run an [internal](/source/Internal_combustion_engine) or [external combustion engine](/source/external_combustion_engine).

The need to have [statistics](/source/statistics) on energy commodities became obvious during the [1973 oil crisis](/source/1973_oil_crisis) that brought tenfold increase in [petroleum prices](/source/petroleum_prices). Before the crisis, to have accurate data on global energy supply and demand was not deemed critical. Another concern of energy statistics today is a huge gap in energy use between [developed](/source/developed_country) and [developing](/source/developing_country) countries. As the gap narrows (''see picture''), the pressure on energy supply increases tremendously.thumb|right|525px|Global energy consumption per capita, 1950-2004 

The data on energy and electricity come from three principal sources:
* [Energy industry](/source/Energy_industry)
* Other industries ("self-producers")
* Consumers
The flows of and trade in energy commodities are measured both in physical units (e.g., [metric ton](/source/metric_ton)s), and, when [energy balances](/source/Energy_accounting) are calculated, in energy units (e.g., [terajoule](/source/terajoule)s or [tons of oil equivalent](/source/Ton_of_oil_equivalent)). What makes energy statistics specific and different from other fields of [economic statistics](/source/economic_statistics) is the fact that energy commodities undergo greater number of transformations (flows) than other commodities. In these transformations energy is conserved, as defined by and within the limitations of the [first](/source/First_law_of_thermodynamics) and [second](/source/second_law_of_thermodynamics) laws of thermodynamics. 

== See also ==

{{Portal|Energy}} 

* [Energy system](/source/Energy_system)
* [World energy resources and consumption](/source/World_energy_resources_and_consumption)

==External links==
* [http://yearbook.enerdata.net/ Statistical Energy Database Review: Enerdata Yearbook 2012]
* [http://www.iea.org/Textbase/stats/index.asp International Energy Agency: Statistics]
* [http://unstats.un.org/unsd/energy/default.htm United Nations: Energy Statistics]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070428093556/http://www.ssb.no/english/conference/ocg/ The Oslo Group on Energy Statistics]
* [http://www.eia.doe.gov/ DOE Energy Information Administration]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090724153202/http://energy.sigmaxi.org/ Year of Energy 2009]
* [http://www.energy.eu/ European Energy Statistics & Key Indicators]

==Publications==
* [http://unstats.un.org/unsd/energy/yearbook/EYB_pdf.htm Energy Statistics Yearbook 2004, United Nations, 2006]
* [http://unstats.un.org/unsd/energy/balance/EBEP_pdf.htm Energy Balances and Electricity Profiles 2004, United Nations, 2006]

Category:Statistical data sets
Category:Energy measurement
Category:Applied statistics

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Statistical study of energy data](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_study_of_energy_data) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_study_of_energy_data?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.