# Spraing

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{{Short description|Disease of potatoes}}
{{More citations needed|date=September 2014}}
thumb|Brown marks from Potato mop-top virus
'''Spraing''' is a collective term for diseases and disorders of [potato](/source/potato) [tuber](/source/tuber)s that cause brown streaks in the flesh of the potato. Spraing can be caused by two [viruses](/source/viruses), [tobacco rattle virus](/source/tobacco_rattle_virus) (TRV) which is transmitted by trichodorid [nematodes](/source/nematodes), or [Potato mop-top virus](/source/Potato_mop-top_virus) (PMTV) transmitted by the [powdery scab](/source/powdery_scab) [fungus](/source/fungus) ''Spongospora subterranea''. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://fera.co.uk/media/wysiwyg/crop_health/Spraing_Disease_of_Potato.pdf|title=Spraing Disease of Potato|publisher=Fera|date=n.d.|access-date=15 June 2021}}</ref>
The two viruses may have synergistic effects in disease progression when both are present.<ref>Beuch, U., Persson, P., Edin, E. and Kvarnheden, A. (2014), Necrotic diseases caused by viruses in Swedish potato tubers. Plant Pathology, 63: 667–674. doi: 10.1111/ppa.12141</ref> Spraing like symptoms can also be caused by physiological defects or specific nutrient deficiencies, most notably Calcium.

Control of the disease is generally by ensuring that seed is disease free although the strain transmitted by nematodes can be controlled to some extent by the use of [nematicide](/source/nematicide)s.

TRV spraing vectored by free living nematodes (trichodorid) most typically occurs on light sandy soils during incidence of heavy rain or over irrigation. These conditions are ideal for the nematodes to swim to the surface in order to feed on the tubers and subsequently cause infection. During non wet periods they return to the depths of the soil profile making soil sample testing for trichodorid often unreliable. Different potato varieties show varying levels of resistance to TRV tuber symptoms. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cpm-magazine.co.uk/2016/10/12/potato-varieties-spraing-mind/|date=12 October 2016|title=Potato varieties – Spraing to mind|publisher=Crop Production Magazine|access-date=15 June 2021|author=Lucy de la Pasture}}</ref>

Thus avoiding using susceptible cultivars and careful irrigation management is often enough to avoid problematic symptoms.
The resultant internal brown flecks can cause costly factory rejections for commercial growers due to loss of processed quality. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://cropscience.bayer.co.uk/threats/diseases/potato-diseases/spraing/|title=Spraing|website=Crop Science|publisher=[Bayer](/source/Bayer)|date=n.d.|access-date=15 June 2021}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

Category:Potato diseases
Category:Viral plant pathogens and diseases

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{{Agri-stub}}

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