# Soviet census

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Summary of censuses carried out in the Soviet Union

 Poster for the 1926 Census in the Soviet

The following is a summary of [censuses](/source/Census) carried out in the [Soviet Union](/source/Soviet_Union):

Year Territory (km2) Total population Rank Density per km2 Change Urban population Share Males Share Females Share Largest city Second largest city Third largest city Ethnic Russians Share Ethnic minorities Notes 1926 21 176 187 147 027 915 3rd 6.94 7.5% 26 314 114 17.9% 71 043 352 48.3% 75 984 563 51.7% Moscow (2 025 947) Leningrad (1 590 770) Kiev (513 637) 77 791 124 52.9% Ukrainians (31 194 976) Belarusians (4 738 923) [a] 1937 162 039 470 7.65 10.2% 43 729 514 27.0% 75 789 892 46.8% 84 331 656 53.2% Moscow (3 798 078) Leningrad (est. 2 814 500) Kiev (775 850) 93 933 065 58.0% Ukrainians (26 421 212) Belarusians (4 874 061) [b][1] 1939 170 557 093 4th 8.05 5.3% 56 125 139 32.9% 81 694 889 48.0% 88 862 204 52.0% Moscow (4 131 633) Leningrad (3 191 304) Kiev (846 724) 99 591 520 58.4% Ukrainians (28 111 007) Belarusians (5 275 393) [c][2] 1959 22 402 200 208 826 650 3rd 9.32 22.4% 99 977 695 47.9% 94 050 303 45.0% 114 776 347 55.0% Moscow (5 045 905) Leningrad (3 121 196) Kiev (1 104 334) 114 113 579 54.6% Ukrainians (37 252 930) Belarusians (7 913 488) [d][3] 1970 241 720 134 10.79 15.7% 135 991 514 56.2% 111 399 377 46.1% 130 320 757 53.9% Moscow (6 941 961) Leningrad (3 949 501) Kiev (1 631 908) 129 015 140 53.4% Ukrainians (40 753 246) Uzbeks (9 195 093) 1979 262 436 227 11.71 8.6% 163 585 944 62.3% 122 328 833 46.6% 140 107 394 53.4% Moscow (7 830 509) Leningrad (4 588 183) Kiev (2 143 855) 137 397 089 52.3% Ukrainians (42 347 387) Uzbeks (12 455 978) 1989 286 730 817 12.80 9.3% 188 813 355 65.8% 135 360 790 47.2% 151 370 027 52.8% Moscow (8 769 117) Leningrad (5 023 506) Kiev (2 587 945) 145 155 489 50.6% Ukrainians (44 186 006) Uzbeks (16 697 825) [e][4]

## See also

- [Russian census](/source/Russian_census)

- [Censuses in Ukraine](/source/Censuses_in_Ukraine)

## Notes

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** The first full-scale census in the [Soviet Union](/source/Soviet_Union).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** Initially set to take place in 1933, but was delayed multiple times due to [Joseph Stalin](/source/Joseph_Stalin)'s policies of [collectivization](/source/Collectivization_in_the_Soviet_Union), [forced famine](/source/Soviet_famine_of_1932%E2%80%9333) and [political repression](/source/Political_repression_in_the_Soviet_Union) which lowered the population drastically. The only one-day census in the Russian history. Proclaimed defective by the Soviet government in September 1937.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Took place instead of the "defective" 1937 census.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** The population increased markedly as a result of the Soviet Union's territorial expansion by [World War II](/source/World_War_II).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** The last census of the Soviet Union.

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["Всесоюзная перепись населения 1937 года: Общие итоги"](http://docs.historyrussia.org/ru/nodes/47581-vsesoyuznaya-perepis-naseleniya-1937-goda-obschie-itogi). *docs.historyrussia.org*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей"](http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_pop_39_1.php). *www.demoscope.ru*. Retrieved 2022-02-10.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** ["Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей"](http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus59_reg1.php). *www.demoscope.ru*. Retrieved 2022-02-10.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** ["Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей"](http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg1.php). *www.demoscope.ru*. Retrieved 2022-02-10.

v t e Soviet censuses (State Committee for Statistics) 1920 1923 1926 1937 1939 1959 1970 1979 1989

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