# Social conservatism > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Social_conservatism > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Social_conservatism.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_conservatism > Source revision: 1354623963 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) Political ideology advocating traditional values and power structures Not to be confused with [Paternalistic conservatism](/source/Paternalistic_conservatism). This article needs more citations. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Social conservatism" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (May 2025) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Part of a series on Conservatism Variants Authoritarian Corporatist Cultural Fiscal Green Liberal Libertarian Moderate National Paternalistic Populist Pragmatic Progressive Reactionary Religious Social Traditionalist Ultra Principles Ancestral worship Authority Traditional Balance of power Class collaboration Cultural heritage Cultural values Discipline Duty Noblesse oblige Elitism Aristocracy Meritocracy Ethical order Familialism Family as a state model Family values Fundamentalism Gender roles Historism Honour Imperialism Law and order Loyalty Monarchism Patriarchalism Royalism Moral absolutism Natalism Nationalism Natural law Norms Mores Ordered liberty Organicism Organised religion State Orthodoxy Patriarchy Patriotism Property rights Public morality Rule of law Social stratification Social order Sovereignty Subsidiarity Tradition Intellectuals Johnson Hume Burke Gibbon More Maistre Bonald Chateaubriand Coleridge Karamzin Savigny Carlyle Ranke Newman Tocqueville Dostoevsky Taine Le Bon Pareto Nordau Maurras Iorga Spengler Jabotinsky Ilyin Savarkar Schmitt Eliot Hurston Mannheim Jünger Evola Strauss Röpke Gadamer Freyre Voegelin Oakeshott Burnham Lefebvre Qutb Kuehnelt-Leddihn Gómez Dávila Conquest Kirk Solzhenitsyn Motahhari Koselleck Mishima Buckley Sowell Mansfield Scruton Hoppe Dugin Peterson Politicians Adams Hamilton Charles X Pitt Canning Metternich Disraeli Bismarck Salisbury Dmowski Mannerheim Baldwin Horthy Metaxas Churchill Adenauer De Gasperi Chiang Salazar De Gaulle Dollfuss Franco Khomeini Reagan Powell Nixon Pinochet Marcos Park Smith Reza Shah Suharto Lee Zia Vajpayee Thatcher Kohl Fujimori Khamenei Howard Trump Bush Kaczyński Netanyahu Modi Putin Erdoğan Abe Sarkozy Bolsonaro Yoon Takaichi Orbán Cameron Milei Meloni Bukele Religion Christian democracy Christian right Confucianism Clericalism Hindutva Integralism Islamism Jewish conservatism Religious Zionism Traditionalist School Ultramontanism Personal variants Berlusconism Bukelism Cameronism Chiangism Erdoğanism Francoism Fujimorism Gaullism Janismo Kaczyzm Khomeinism Maurrassisme Mellismo Metaxism Orbanism Powellism Pinochetism Putinism Qutbism Reaganism Sarkozysm Thatcherism Trumpism Ziaism National variants Asia Bangladesh China Hong Kong India Iran Israel Japan Malaysia Pakistan South Korea Taiwan Turkey Europe France Germany Iceland Italy Russia Serbia Sweden United Kingdom Latin America Brazil Colombia Peru North America Canada United States Oceania Australia New Zealand Related ideologies Agrarianism Authoritarian capitalism Black conservatism US Clerical fascism Communitarianism Conservative democracy Conservative feminism Conservative liberalism Conservative socialism Corporatism Hispanic conservatism US Left-conservatism LGBTQ conservatism Ordoliberalism Para-fascism Related topics Anti-abortion movements Anti-communism White Terror Anti-gender movement Anti-immigration Nativism Conservative wave NatCon Radical right Europe US Right realism Right-wing politics Alt Authoritarianism Centre Dictatorship Far Libertarian New Small-c conservative Toryism Conservatism portal Politics portal v t e **Social conservatism** is a [political philosophy](/source/Political_philosophy) and a variety of [conservatism](/source/Conservatism) that places emphasis on conserving the traditional moral values of the society, typically sourced from a religion. It also aims to preserve [traditional](/source/Tradition#In_political_and_religious_discourse) social structures over [social pluralism](/source/Cultural_pluralism).[1][2] Social conservatives [organize](/source/Political_campaign) in favor of [duty](/source/Duty), [traditional values](/source/Traditional_values), and [social institutions](/source/Institution), such as traditional [family structures](/source/Familialism), [gender roles](/source/Gender_roles#Political_ideologies), [sexual relations](/source/Sexual_relations), [national patriotism](/source/Patriotism#Cultural_aspects), and [religious traditions](/source/Religion#Impact).[3][4] Social conservatism is usually skeptical of social change, instead tending to support the [status quo](/source/Status_quo) concerning social issues.[4] Social conservatives also value the rights of religious institutions to participate in the public sphere, thus often supporting [government-religious endorsement](/source/Accommodationism) and opposing [state atheism](/source/State_atheism), and in some cases opposing [secularism](/source/Secularism).[5][6][7] Social conservatism, as a movement, is largely an outgrowth of [traditionalist conservatism](/source/Traditionalist_conservatism). The key difference is that traditional conservatism is broader and includes philosophical considerations, whereas social conservatism is largely focused on just [moralism](/source/Moralism). ## Social conservatism and other ideological views There is overlap between social conservatism and [paleoconservatism](/source/Paleoconservatism), in that they both support and value traditional social forms.[8] Social conservatism is not to be confused with [economically interventionist](/source/Economic_interventionism) conservatism, where conservative ideas are combined with [Keynesian](/source/Keynesian) economics and a [welfare state](/source/Welfare_state) as practised by some European conservatives (e.g. [one-nation conservatives](/source/One-nation_conservatism) in the [United Kingdom](/source/United_Kingdom), [Gaullists](/source/Gaullism) in [France](/source/France)). Some social conservatives support [free trade](/source/Free_trade) and [laissez faire market](/source/Laissez_faire) approaches to economic and fiscal issues, but social conservatives may also support economic intervention where the intervention serves moral or cultural aims. Historian [Jon Wiener](/source/Jon_Wiener) has described social conservatism as historically the result of an appeal from "[elitist preservationists](/source/Elite)" to lower-class workers to 'protect' wealth from immigration.[1][9] Many social conservatives support a balance between [protectionism](/source/Protectionism) and a [free market](/source/Free_market). This concern for material welfare, like advocacy of traditional [mores](/source/Mores), will often have a basis in religion. Examples include the [Christian Social Union of Bavaria](/source/Christian_Social_Union_of_Bavaria), the [Family First Party](/source/Family_First_Party) and [Katter's Australian Party](/source/Katter's_Australian_Party), and the [communitarian](/source/Communitarianism) movement in the United States.[10] ## Social conservatism by country ### Australia Further information: [Conservatism in Australia](/source/Conservatism_in_Australia) Mainstream conservatism in Australia generally incorporates [liberalism](/source/Liberalism), hence [liberal conservatism](/source/Liberal_conservatism) being the primary ideology of the major centre-right coalition in Australia, the [Liberal](/source/Liberal_Party_of_Australia)-[National](/source/National_Party_of_Australia) [Coalition](/source/Coalition_(Australia)). Therefore, the Coalition, while having members with some socially conservative views, is not considered socially conservative. However, both social conservatism and [right-wing populism](/source/Right-wing_populism) are present among [right-wing](/source/Right-wing) minor parties, such as [Pauline Hanson's One Nation](/source/Pauline_Hanson's_One_Nation), the [United Australia Party](/source/United_Australia_Party_(2013)) (UAP) and [Katter's Australian Party](/source/Katter's_Australian_Party) (KAP) amongst others. Nevertheless, the [National Right](/source/National_Right_(Liberal_Party_of_Australia)) (also known as the "Conservative" faction or the "Right" faction) serves as the party's social conservative faction, although the party is still considered a [broad church](/source/Broad_church) conservative party and factions do collaborate with each other; for example, the [New South Wales Liberal Party](/source/New_South_Wales_Liberal_Party) often chooses a leadership team consisting of both a member of the more centrist [Moderate](/source/Moderates_(Liberal_Party_of_Australia)) faction and a member of the Right. Social conservatives in Australia often need to take a broad church stance while governing. For example, former [New South Wales Liberal Party](/source/New_South_Wales_Liberal_Party) leader and state premier, [Dominic Perrottet](/source/Dominic_Perrottet), a conservative [Catholic](/source/Catholicism_in_Australia), despite having voted against legalising [same-sex marriage](/source/Same-sex_marriage_in_Australia) in 2018 and opposing [abortion](/source/Abortion), followed Labor leader [Chris Minns](/source/Chris_Minns)' in supporting a 2023 state-wide ban on gay [conversion therapy](/source/Conversion_therapy),[11] whilst also vowing to protect [religious freedom](/source/Religious_freedom) and [preaching](/source/Preaching).[12] During the [Australian Marriage Law Postal Survey](/source/Australian_Marriage_Law_Postal_Survey) of 2018, which successfully sought to legalise same-sex marriage in Australia, the Coalition government led by [Prime Minister](/source/Prime_Minister_of_Australia) [Malcolm Turnbull](/source/Malcolm_Turnbull) allowed its members a [conscience vote](/source/Conscience_vote) on the issue. While many (including Turnbull) were in favour, some were opposed, but supported holding a [plebiscite](/source/Plebiscite) on the matter. Federal Coalition MPs who opposed same-sex marriage during the debate included former Prime Minister [Tony Abbott](/source/Tony_Abbott), [Peter Dutton](/source/Peter_Dutton), [Scott Morrison](/source/Scott_Morrison) and many others. However, when the plebiscite was successful (with 61.6% in favour), a vote needed to be held in both chambers of [Parliament](/source/Australian_Parliament). The *[Marriage Amendment (Definition and Religious Freedoms) Act 2017](/source/Marriage_Amendment_(Definition_and_Religious_Freedoms)_Act_2017)* was tabled in the [Senate](/source/Australian_Senate) and was subsequently passed in the [House of Representatives](/source/Australian_House_of_Representatives), with just three votes against (excluding the members who abstained). Due to their respective electorates delivering a majority "yes" vote (as well as the entire country), members such as Dutton (who voted "no" in the plebiscite) voted in favour of the bill after his seat of [Dickson](/source/Division_of_Dickson) voted 65.16% in favour. ### Canada Main article: [Social conservatism in Canada](/source/Social_conservatism_in_Canada) In Canada, social conservatism, though widespread, is not as prominent in the public sphere as [in the United States](/source/Social_conservatism_in_the_United_States). It is prevalent in all areas of the country but is seen as being more prominent in [rural](/source/Rural) areas. It is also a significant influence on the ideological and political culture of the western provinces of [Manitoba](/source/Manitoba), [Saskatchewan](/source/Saskatchewan), [Alberta](/source/Alberta), and [British Columbia](/source/British_Columbia).[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*] Compared to [social conservatism in the United States](/source/Social_conservatism_in_the_United_States), social conservatism has not been as influential in Canada. The main reason is that the [neoconservative](/source/Neoconservative) style of politics as promoted by leaders such as former Prime Ministers such as [Paul Martin](/source/Paul_Martin) and [Stephen Harper](/source/Stephen_Harper) have focused on [fiscal conservatism](/source/Fiscal_conservatism), with little or no emphasis on moral or social conservatism.[13] Without a specific, large political party behind them, social conservatives have divided their votes and can be found in all political parties.[14] Social conservatives often felt that they were being sidelined by officials in the [Progressive Conservative Party of Canada](/source/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada) and its leadership of so-called "[Red Tories](/source/Red_Tories)" for the last half of the twentieth century and therefore many eventually made their political home with parties such as the [Social Credit Party of Canada](/source/Social_Credit_Party_of_Canada) and the [Reform Party of Canada](/source/Reform_Party_of_Canada). Despite the Reform Party being dominated by social conservatives, leader [Preston Manning](/source/Preston_Manning), seeking greater national support for the party, was reluctant for the party to wholly embrace socially conservative values. This led to his deposition as leader of the party (now called [Canadian Alliance](/source/Canadian_Alliance)) in favor of social conservative [Stockwell Day](/source/Stockwell_Day).[15] The party's successor, the [Conservative Party of Canada](/source/Conservative_Party_of_Canada), despite having a number of socially conservative members and cabinet ministers, has chosen so far not to focus on socially conservative issues in its platform. This was most recently exemplified on two occasions in 2012 when the current [Conservative Party of Canada](/source/Conservative_Party_of_Canada) declared they had no intention to repeal [same-sex marriage](/source/Same-sex_marriage) or [abortion](/source/Abortion) laws.[16] ### China Further information: [Conservatism in China](/source/Conservatism_in_China) [Chiang Kai-shek](/source/Chiang_Kai-shek), a former [president](/source/President_of_the_Republic_of_China) of [Republic of China](/source/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)), could be seen as a social conservative who was critical of [liberal values](/source/Liberalism_in_China) and defended the union of [Confucian](/source/Confucian) traditions and [modernism](/source/Modernism). Under his rule, the [Kuomintang](/source/Kuomintang) led the [New Life Movement](/source/New_Life_Movement). After the [Chinese Communist Revolution](/source/Chinese_Communist_Revolution), social conservatism in China increased due to the rise of [New Confucianism](/source/New_Confucianism) and others after the 1970s to 1980s during the [reform and opening up](/source/Reform_and_opening_up). In 2024, [Bloomberg News](/source/Bloomberg_News) described the period of China, where [Xi Jinping](/source/Xi_Jinping) is president, as a "Conservative Era"; Faced with a shrinking population, China's most powerful leader since Mao Zedong has urged women to cultivate a “culture” of childbirth and take on a more domestic role.[17] [CCP general secretary](/source/General_Secretary_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party) Xi has adopted a more conservative social view since he began his [third leadership](/source/20th_National_Congress_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party) in 2022. He reflects traditional and patriarchal views of women in speeches and policies. This is partially related to the issue of China's low birth rate.[18] After 2020, the Chinese Communist Party has accelerated its crackdown on LGBTQ+ activism.[19] Several journalists and scholars have described [new Confucianism](/source/New_Confucianism) and [conservative nationalism](/source/National_conservatism) as the key features of China under Xi Jinping's leadership.[20][21][22][23][24] ### Islamic world Further information: [Sharia](/source/Sharia) and [Conservatism in Islam](/source/Conservatism_in_Islam) Due to their interpretation of Islamic law also known as Shariah, they have some differences from social conservatism as understood in the nations of West Europe, North America and Oceania.[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*] #### Arab world Further information: [Arab world](/source/Arab_world), [Islam](/source/Islam), and [Censorship](/source/Censorship) The Arab world has recently[*[when?](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items)*] been more conservative in social and moral issues owing to the [Arab spring](/source/Arab_Spring).[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*] An example of a socially conservative party is the [Justice and Development Party](/source/Justice_and_Development_Party_(Morocco)) of Morocco. #### Pakistan [Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal](/source/Muttahida_Majlis-e-Amal) is an alliance of socially conservative and Islamist political parties in Pakistan. ### India #### Hindu social conservatism Further information: [Shiv Sena](/source/Shiv_Sena), [Bharatiya Janata Party](/source/Bharatiya_Janata_Party), [Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh](/source/Rashtriya_Swayamsevak_Sangh), [Hindu nationalism](/source/Hindu_nationalism), and [Hindutva](/source/Hindutva) Hindu social conservatism in India in the twenty first century has developed into an influential movement, represented in the political arena by the [right-wing](/source/Right-wing_politics) [Bharatiya Janata Party](/source/Bharatiya_Janata_Party). Hindu social conservatism, also known as the [Hindutva](/source/Hindutva) movement, is spearheaded by the voluntary non-governmental organization [Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh](/source/Rashtriya_Swayamsevak_Sangh). The core philosophy of this ideology is [nativism](/source/Nativism_(politics)), and it sees [Hinduism](/source/Hinduism) as a national identity, rather than a religious one. Due to an inclination towards [nativism](/source/Nativism_(politics)), much of its platform is based on the belief that Islamic and Christian denominations in India are the result of occupations, and, therefore, these groups should be uprooted from the [Indian subcontinent](/source/Indian_subcontinent) by converting their members back to [Hinduism](/source/Hinduism). In terms of political positions, Hindu social conservatives in India seek to institutionalize a [Uniform Civil Code](/source/Uniform_civil_code_of_India) (which is also a directive under Article 44 of the [Constitution of India](/source/Constitution_of_India)) for members of all religions,[25] over the current scheme of different personal laws for different religions. For instance, [polygamy](/source/Polygamy) is legal for Muslims in India, but not Hindus. #### Muslim social conservatism Further information: [Lakshar-e-Taiba](/source/Lakshar-e-Taiba) There are several socially conservative Muslim organisations in India, ranging from groups such as the [Indian Union Muslim League](/source/Indian_Union_Muslim_League) which aim to promote the preservation of Indian Muslim culture as a part of the nation's identity and history.[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*] ### South Africa Social conservatism had an important place in [Apartheid](/source/Apartheid) South Africa ruled by the [National Party](/source/National_Party_(South_Africa)). Pornography,[26] gambling,[27] and other activities that were deemed undesirable were severely restricted. The majority of businesses were forbidden from doing [business on Sunday](/source/Sunday_shopping).[28] ### United States Main article: [Social conservatism in the United States](/source/Social_conservatism_in_the_United_States) Social conservatism in the [United States](/source/United_States) is a [right-wing](/source/Right-wing_politics) political ideology that opposes [social progressivism](/source/Progressivism). It is centered on the preservation of what adherents often call 'traditional' or '[family values](/source/Family_values)', though the accepted aims of the movement often vary amongst the organisations it comprises, making it hard to generalise about ideological preferences. There are, however, a number of general principles to which at least a majority of social conservatives adhere, such as [opposition to abortion](/source/Anti-abortion_movements) and opposition to [same-sex marriage](/source/Same-sex_marriage).[1][29][30][31] Sociologist [Harry F. Dahms](/source/Harry_F._Dahms) suggests that Christian doctrinal conservatives (anti-abortion, anti-same-sex marriage) and gun-use conservatives (such as supporters and members of the [National Rifle Association of America](/source/National_Rifle_Association_of_America)) form two domains of ideology within American social conservatism.[32] The [Republican Party](/source/Republican_Party_(United_States)) is the largest United States political party with socially conservative ideals incorporated into its platform. Other socially conservative parties include the [American Solidarity Party](/source/American_Solidarity_Party), and the [Constitution Party](/source/Constitution_Party_(United_States)). Social conservatives are strongest in the South, where they are a mainstream political force with aspirations to translate those ideals using the party platform nationally. Supporters of social conservatism played a major role in the political coalitions of [Ronald Reagan](/source/Ronald_Reagan) and [George W. Bush](/source/George_W._Bush).[33] ### Other areas There are also social conservative movements in many other parts of the world, such as [Latin America](/source/Latin_America), [Eastern Europe](/source/Eastern_Europe), the [Balkans](/source/Balkans), the [Caucasus](/source/Caucasus), [Central Europe](/source/Central_Europe), [Mediterranean countries](/source/List_of_Mediterranean_countries), [Southeast Asia](/source/Southeast_Asia), and [Oceania](/source/Oceania). ## Examples of social conservative political parties This section needs more citations. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Social conservatism" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (November 2025) (Learn how and when to remove this message) ### Argentina - [La Libertad Avanza](/source/La_Libertad_Avanza) ### Armenia - [Conservative Party](/source/Conservative_Party_(Armenia)) - [Constitutional Rights Union](/source/Constitutional_Rights_Union) - [For Social Justice](/source/For_Social_Justice_(Armenia)) - [National Christian Party](/source/National_Christian_Party_(Armenia)) - [National Democratic Alliance](/source/National_Democratic_Alliance_(Armenia)) - [Pan-Armenian National Agreement](/source/Pan-Armenian_National_Agreement) - [Prosperous Armenia](/source/Prosperous_Armenia) - [Republican Party of Armenia](/source/Republican_Party_of_Armenia) ### Australia - [Liberal Party of Australia](/source/Liberal_Party_of_Australia) (factions) - [National Party of Australia](/source/National_Party_of_Australia) (factions) - [Family First Party](/source/Family_First_Party_(2021)) - [Democratic Labour Party](/source/Democratic_Labour_Party_(Australia%2C_1978)) - [Katter's Australian Party](/source/Katter's_Australian_Party) - [Pauline Hanson's One Nation](/source/Pauline_Hanson's_One_Nation) - [Shooters, Fishers and Farmers Party](/source/Shooters%2C_Fishers_and_Farmers_Party) - [United Australia Party](/source/United_Australia_Party_(2013)) ### Austria - [Freedom Party of Austria](/source/Freedom_Party_of_Austria) - [Austrian People's Party](/source/Austrian_People's_Party) - [Christian Party of Austria](/source/Christian_Party_of_Austria) ### Belgium - [New-Flemish Alliance](/source/New-Flemish_Alliance) - [Vlaams Belang](/source/Vlaams_Belang) ### Bosnia and Herzegovina - [Alliance of Independent Social Democrats](/source/Alliance_of_Independent_Social_Democrats) ### Brazil - [Brazilian Labour Renewal Party](/source/Brazilian_Labour_Renewal_Party) - [Brazilian Woman's Party](/source/Brazilian_Woman's_Party) - [Christian Democracy](/source/Christian_Democracy_(Brazil)) - [Liberal Party](/source/Liberal_Party_(Brazil%2C_2006)) - [Republicans](/source/Republicans_(Brazil)) ### Bulgaria - [GERB](/source/GERB) - [IMRO – Bulgarian National Movement](/source/IMRO_%E2%80%93_Bulgarian_National_Movement) - [Bulgarian Socialist Party](/source/Bulgarian_Socialist_Party) (factions) ### Cambodia - [Cambodian People's Party](/source/Cambodian_People's_Party) ### Canada - [Conservative Party of Canada](/source/Conservative_Party_of_Canada) (factions) - [Christian Heritage Party of Canada](/source/Christian_Heritage_Party_of_Canada) - [People's Party of Canada](/source/People's_Party_of_Canada) (factions) - [United Conservative Party](/source/United_Conservative_Party) (Alberta) ### China - [Chinese Communist Party](/source/Chinese_Communist_Party) ([factions](/source/Xi_Jinping_Thought)) [34] ### Chile - [Christian Social Party](/source/Christian_Social_Party_(Chile)) (PDC) - [Chilean Republican Party](/source/Republican_Party_(Chile%2C_2019)) (PLR) - [Independent Democratic Union](/source/Independent_Democratic_Union) (UDI) ### Czech Republic - [Freedom and Direct Democracy](/source/Freedom_and_Direct_Democracy) - [KDU-ČSL](/source/KDU-%C4%8CSL) ### Denmark - [Danish People's Party](/source/Danish_People's_Party) ### El Salvador - [Nuevas Ideas](/source/Nuevas_Ideas) - [Nationalist Republican Alliance](/source/Nationalist_Republican_Alliance) ### Estonia - [Conservative People's Party](/source/Conservative_People's_Party_of_Estonia) - [Isamaa](/source/Isamaa) ### Faroe Islands - [Centre Party](/source/Centre_Party_(Faroe_Islands)) ### Fiji - [Social Democratic Liberal Party](/source/Social_Democratic_Liberal_Party) ### Finland - [Finns Party](/source/Finns_Party) - [Christian Democrats](/source/Christian_Democrats_(Finland)) ### France - [Movement for France](/source/Movement_for_France) - [National Rally](/source/National_Rally) - [VIA, the Way of the People](/source/VIA%2C_the_Way_of_the_People) ### Germany - [Christian Democratic Union of Germany](/source/Christian_Democratic_Union_of_Germany) - [Alternative for Germany](/source/Alternative_for_Germany) - [Family Party of Germany](/source/Family_Party_of_Germany) - [Alliance C – Christians for Germany](/source/Alliance_C_%E2%80%93_Christians_for_Germany) - [Bündnis Sahra Wagenknecht](/source/B%C3%BCndnis_Sahra_Wagenknecht) ### Georgia - [Georgian Dream](/source/Georgian_Dream) - [Alliance of Patriots of Georgia](/source/Alliance_of_Patriots_of_Georgia) ### Greece - [New Democracy](/source/New_Democracy_(Greece)) (factions) - [Greek Solution](/source/Greek_Solution) - [Independent Greeks](/source/Independent_Greeks) ### Hungary - [Fidesz](/source/Fidesz) - [Christian Democratic People's Party](/source/Christian_Democratic_People's_Party_(Hungary)) - [Our Homeland Movement](/source/Our_Homeland_Movement) - [Jobbik](/source/Jobbik) - [Tisza Party](/source/Tisza_Party) ### India - [Bharatiya Janata Party](/source/Bharatiya_Janata_Party) - [All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen](/source/All_India_Majlis-e-Ittehadul_Muslimeen) - [Shiv Sena](/source/Shiv_Sena_(1966%E2%80%932022)) - [Maharashtra Navnirman Sena](/source/Maharashtra_Navnirman_Sena) - [National People's Party](/source/National_People's_Party_(India)) ### Ireland - [Aontú](/source/Aont%C3%BA) - [Fianna Fáil](/source/Fianna_F%C3%A1il) - [Fine Gael](/source/Fine_Gael) - [National Party](/source/National_Party_(Ireland%2C_2016))[35] - [Renua](/source/Renua) ### Israel - [Noam](/source/Noam_(political_party)) - [Shas](/source/Shas) - [Agudat Yisrael](/source/Agudat_Yisrael) - [Degel HaTorah](/source/Degel_HaTorah) - [United Torah Judaism](/source/United_Torah_Judaism) - [Religious Zionist Party](/source/Religious_Zionist_Party) - [Otzma Yehudit](/source/Otzma_Yehudit) - [Yachad](/source/Yachad_(political_party)) - [United Arab List](/source/United_Arab_List) ### Italy - [Forza Italia](/source/Forza_Italia_(2013)) - [Fratelli d'Italia](/source/Fratelli_d'Italia) - [Lega Nord](/source/Lega_Nord) - [The People of the Family](/source/The_People_of_the_Family)[36] (*Il Popolo della Famiglia*) - [Christian Italy](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christian_Italy&action=edit&redlink=1)[37] (*Italia Cristiana*) - [Union of the Centre](/source/Union_of_the_Centre_(2002))[38][39] ### Japan - [Liberal Democratic Party](/source/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan))[40][41][42][43] - [Komeito](/source/Komeito)[44] ### Luxembourg - [Alternative Democratic Reform Party](/source/Alternative_Democratic_Reform_Party) - [Déi Konservativ](/source/D%C3%A9i_Konservativ) ### Mexico - [National Action Party](/source/National_Action_Party_(Mexico)) - [Institutional Revolutionary Party](/source/Institutional_Revolutionary_Party) - [Social Encounter Party](/source/Social_Encounter_Party) ### Moldova - [Party of Socialists of the Republic of Moldova](/source/Party_of_Socialists_of_the_Republic_of_Moldova) - [Our Party](/source/Our_Party_(Moldova)) - [Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova](/source/Party_of_Communists_of_the_Republic_of_Moldova) ### Netherlands - [Christian Union](/source/Christian_Union_(Netherlands)) - [Reformed Political Party](/source/Reformed_Political_Party) (SGP) - [Denk](/source/Denk_(political_party)) ### New Zealand - [National Party](/source/New_Zealand_National_Party) (factions) - [New Conservative Party](/source/New_Conservative_Party_(New_Zealand)) - [New Zealand First](/source/New_Zealand_First) ### Norway - [Christian Democratic Party](/source/Christian_Democratic_Party_(Norway)) - [Conservative](/source/Conservative_(Norwegian_political_party)) ### Philippines - [National Unity Party](/source/National_Unity_Party_(Philippines))[45] - [Nationalist People's Coalition](/source/Nationalist_People's_Coalition)[46][47] ### Poland - [Law and Justice](/source/Law_and_Justice) - [United Poland](/source/United_Poland) - [The Republicans](/source/The_Republicans_(Poland)) - [Polish People's Party](/source/Polish_People's_Party) - [Confederation Liberty and Independence](/source/Confederation_Liberty_and_Independence) ### Portugal - [Chega](/source/Chega_(political_party)) ### Romania - [Social Democratic Party](/source/Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)) - [National Liberal Party](/source/National_Liberal_Party_(Romania)) - [People's Movement Party](/source/People's_Movement_Party) - [Alliance for the Union of Romanians](/source/Alliance_for_the_Union_of_Romanians) - [Ecologist Party of Romania](/source/Ecologist_Party_of_Romania) - [Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania](/source/Democratic_Alliance_of_Hungarians_in_Romania) ### Russia - [United Russia](/source/United_Russia) - [CPRF](/source/CPRF) - [LDPR](/source/LDPR) - [A Just Russia](/source/A_Just_Russia) ### Slovakia - [Direction – Social Democracy](/source/Direction_%E2%80%93_Social_Democracy) - [Christian Democratic Movement](/source/Christian_Democratic_Movement) - [Slovak National Party](/source/Slovak_National_Party) - [Slovakia](/source/Slovakia_(political_party)) - [Christian Union](/source/Christian_Union_(Slovakia)) - [We Are Family](/source/We_Are_Family_(Slovakia)) - [Republic](/source/Republic_(Slovakia)) - [People's Party Our Slovakia](/source/People's_Party_Our_Slovakia) ### Spain - [Spanish Alternative](/source/Spanish_Alternative) - [Vox](/source/Vox_(Spanish_political_party)) ### Serbia - [Serbian Radical Party](/source/Serbian_Radical_Party) - [Dveri](/source/Dveri) - [Healthy Serbia](/source/Healthy_Serbia) - [Better Serbia](/source/Better_Serbia) - [Democratic Party of Serbia](/source/Democratic_Party_of_Serbia) - [People's Freedom Movement](/source/People's_Freedom_Movement_(Serbia)) - [Serbian Party Oathkeepers](/source/Serbian_Party_Oathkeepers) - [Serbian Right](/source/Serbian_Right) ### Sweden - [Sweden Democrats](/source/Sweden_Democrats) - [Christian Democrats](/source/Christian_Democrats_(Sweden)) - [Alternative for Sweden](/source/Alternative_for_Sweden) ### Switzerland - [Swiss People's Party](/source/Swiss_People's_Party) - [Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland](/source/Federal_Democratic_Union_of_Switzerland) - [Evangelical People's Party of Switzerland](/source/Evangelical_People's_Party_of_Switzerland) ### Tanzania - [Chama Cha Mapinduzi](/source/Chama_Cha_Mapinduzi)[48][49] ### Turkey - [Justice and Development Party](/source/Justice_and_Development_Party_(Turkey)) - [Felicity Party](/source/Felicity_Party) - [Great Unity Party](/source/Great_Unity_Party) ### Ukraine - [European Solidarity](/source/European_Solidarity) - [Batkivshchyna](/source/Batkivshchyna) ### United Kingdom - [Reform UK](/source/Reform_UK) - [Conservative Party](/source/Conservative_Party_(UK)) (factions) - [Heritage Party](/source/Heritage_Party_(UK)) - [UK Independence Party](/source/UK_Independence_Party) - [Social Democratic Party](/source/Social_Democratic_Party_(UK%2C_1990%E2%80%93present)) - [Workers Party of Britain](/source/Workers_Party_of_Britain) - [Scottish Family Party](/source/Scottish_Family_Party) #### Northern Ireland - [Democratic Unionist Party](/source/Democratic_Unionist_Party)[50] - [Traditional Unionist Voice](/source/Traditional_Unionist_Voice) - [Ulster Unionist Party](/source/Ulster_Unionist_Party) - [Aontú](/source/Aont%C3%BA) ### United States - [Republican Party](/source/Republican_Party_(United_States)) (factions) - [Constitution Party](/source/Constitution_Party_(United_States)) - [American Solidarity Party](/source/American_Solidarity_Party) - [Christian Liberty Party](/source/Christian_Liberty_Party) - [Alaskan Independence Party](/source/Alaskan_Independence_Party) - [American Independent Party](/source/American_Independent_Party) - [American Communist Party (2024)](/source/American_Communist_Party_(2024)) ## Social conservative factions of political parties This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2025) (Learn how and when to remove this message) ### Australia - [National Right](/source/National_Right_(Liberal_Party_of_Australia)) ([Liberal Party of Australia](/source/Liberal_Party_of_Australia)) ### United Kingdom - [Blue Labour](/source/Blue_Labour) ([Labour Party](/source/Labour_Party_(UK))) - [Cornerstone Group](/source/Cornerstone_Group), [New Conservatives](/source/New_Conservatives_(UK))[51] ([Conservative Party](/source/Conservative_Party_(UK))) ### United States - [Blue Dog Coalition](/source/Blue_Dog_Coalition) ([Democratic Party](/source/Democratic_Party_(United_States)))[52] - [Mises Caucus](/source/Mises_Caucus)[53] ([Libertarian Party](/source/Libertarian_Party_(United_States))) - [Republican Study Committee](/source/Republican_Study_Committee)[54], [Freedom Caucus](/source/Freedom_Caucus)[55][56] ([Republican Party](/source/Republican_Party_(United_States))) ## See also - [Conservatism portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Conservatism) - [Christian right](/source/Christian_right) - [Social inertia](/source/Social_inertia): the prevention of social change - [Social liberalism](/source/Social_liberalism) - [Victorian morality](/source/Victorian_morality) - [High Tory](/source/High_Tory) - [Paleoconservatism](/source/Paleoconservatism) - [Traditionalist conservatism](/source/Traditionalist_conservatism) - [Social conservatism in Canada](/source/Social_conservatism_in_Canada) - [Social conservatism in the United States](/source/Social_conservatism_in_the_United_States) - [Anti-abortion movement](/source/Anti-abortion_movement) - [Family values](/source/Family_values) - [List of economic left and socially conservative political parties](/source/List_of_economic_left_and_socially_conservative_political_parties) ## References 1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Wiener_1973_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Wiener_1973_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Wiener_1973_1-2) [Wiener, Jonathan](/source/Jon_Wiener) (Spring 1973). ["Review: *The Politics of Unreason: Right-Wing Extremism in America, 1790-1970*"](https://www.jstor.org/stable/202704). *The Journal of Interdisciplinary History*. **3** (4). [MIT Press](/source/MIT_Press): 791–793. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.2307/202704](https://doi.org/10.2307%2F202704). [JSTOR](/source/JSTOR_(identifier)) [202704](https://www.jstor.org/stable/202704). 1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** Cooper, Melinda (2019). *Family Values: Between Neoliberalism and the New Social Conservatism*. Zone Books. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** Smith, Robert B. (2014). Harry F. Dahms (ed.). [*Social Conservatism, Distractors, and Authoritarianism: Axiological versus instrumental rationality*](https://books.google.com/books?id=C5V1BQAAQBAJ&pg=PA101). Emerald Group Publishing. p. 101. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-78441-222-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78441-222-7). 1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:0_4-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:0_4-1) ["Social Conservatism"](https://www.populismstudies.org/Vocabulary/social-conservatism/). *Populism Studies*. Retrieved 17 August 2022. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** Dean, John W. (11 July 2006). *Conservatives Without Conscience*. Penguin Publishing Group. p. 77. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-101-20137-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-101-20137-4). 1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** Wald, Kenneth D.; Calhoun-Brown, Allison (2007). *Religion and Politics in the United States*. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 240. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-7425-4041-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7425-4041-5). 1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Booten, Matthew (11 May 2020). ["19 different types of conservatives"](https://web.archive.org/web/20200519025801/https://www.politic-ed.com/2020/05/11/19-different-types-of-conservatives/). *Politic-Ed*. Archived from [the original](https://www.politic-ed.com/2020/05/11/19-different-types-of-conservatives/) on 19 May 2020. Retrieved 5 November 2020. Social conservatism often opposes state-atheism, however not necessarily atheism itself. They believe that if we allow states to stop believing in God, that societal order will simply break down as a result. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Rowland, Howard S. (2010). [*Things to Think About*](https://books.google.com/books?id=NFi3g3qSfsAC&pg=PA171). Xlibris Corporation. p. 171. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-4535-7128-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4535-7128-6).[*[self-published source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources)*] 1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** West, Ed (2020). *Small Men on the Wrong Side of History: The Decline, Fall and Unlikely Return of Conservatism*. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** Robin, Corey. *The Reactionary Mind: Conservatism from Edmund Burke to Donald Trump*. Oxford University Press. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** ["NSW Premier Dominic Perrottet agrees to gay conversion therapy ban"](https://www.9news.com.au/national/premier-dominic-perrottet-to-back-ban-on-gay-conversion-practices/655d8171-eca1-4929-a694-af25ef48ea9b). 17 February 2023. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** ["NSW election 2023: Perrottet puts caveats on gay conversion law"](https://www.smh.com.au/politics/nsw/we-won-t-ban-preaching-perrottet-puts-caveats-on-gay-conversion-law-20230222-p5cmtc.html). 22 February 2023. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** John Middlemist Herrick and Paul H. Stuart, eds. *Encyclopedia of social welfare history in North America* (2005) p. 143 1. **[^](#cite_ref-14)** David M. Haskell, *Through a lens darkly: how the news media perceive and portray evangelicals* (2009) p 57 1. **[^](#cite_ref-15)** Murray Dobbin, *Preston Manning and the Reform Party* (1991) 1. **[^](#cite_ref-16)** ["Same-sex marriages declared legal and valid by federal justice minister Rob Nicholson"](https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/same-sex-marriages-declared-legal-and-valid-by-justice-minister-rob-nicholson). *National Post*. 13 January 2012. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-17)** ["Taylor Swift wows Chinese women tired of Xi's conservative era"](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-02-10/taylor-swift-wows-chinese-women-tired-of-xi-s-conservative-era). *[Bloomberg News](/source/Bloomberg_News)*. 9 February 2024. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-18)** ["Facing Population Decline, China's Xi Promotes 'Childbirth Culture' for Women"](https://web.archive.org/web/20250523120800/https://time.com/6330091/china-population-xi-childbirth-culture/). *[Time](/source/Time_(magazine))*. 31 October 2023. Archived from [the original](https://time.com/6330091/china-population-xi-childbirth-culture/) on 23 May 2025. Retrieved 16 February 2024. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-19)** ["Why the Communist Party fears gay rights"](https://www.economist.com/china/2023/05/25/why-the-communist-party-fears-gay-rights). *[The Economist](/source/The_Economist)*. 15 May 2023. Retrieved 5 December 2025. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-20)** ["Xi Jinping Thought Explained: A New Ideology for a New Era?"](https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/26/world/asia/xi-jinping-thought-explained-a-new-ideology-for-a-new-era.html). *www.nytimes.com*. 18 February 2018. Retrieved 29 October 2025. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-21)** ["Xi Jinping's War on Popular Culture"](https://lens.civicus.org/xi-jinpings-war-on-popular-culture/). 3 December 2021. Retrieved 29 October 2025. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-22)** Ludovica Meacci (25 January 2022). ["China's Conservative Turn on Gender Roles"](https://www.ispionline.it/en/publication/chinas-conservative-turn-gender-roles-32970#:~:text=Maintaining%20a%20strong%20hold%20on,rule%20over%20the%20Chinese%20people.). Italian Institute for International Political Studies. Retrieved 27 November 2025. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-23)** Szatters, Konrad (11 February 2025). ["China's strategy to consolidate itself as a global superpower"](https://theloop.ecpr.eu/chinas-strategy-to-consolidate-itself-as-a-global-superpower/#:~:text=Under%20Xi%20Jinping%2C%20nationalist%20right,significant%20right%2Dwing%20ideological%20shift.). The Loop. Retrieved 22 April 2026. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-24)** Mohammad, Tazia (13 December 2023). ["Populism and Authoritarianism: The Attack on LGBTQ+ Rights in China and United States"](https://www.cpreview.org/articles/2023/12/populism-and-authoritarianism-the-attack-on-lgbtq-rights-in-china-and-united-states). [Columbia Political Review](/source/Columbia_Political_Review). Retrieved 22 April 2026. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-25)** Press Trust of India (2 August 2003). ["Muslim leaders oppose uniform civil code"](https://web.archive.org/web/20120925185807/http://www.expressindia.com/news/fullstory.php?newsid=23591). Express India. Archived from [the original](http://www.expressindia.com/news/fullstory.php?newsid=23591) on 25 September 2012. Retrieved 18 August 2014. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-26)** JCW Van Rooyen, Censorship in South Africa (Cape Town: Juta and Co., 1987), 1. **[^](#cite_ref-27)** Bet and board in the new South Africa. (legalisation of gambling could lead to growth of casinos, lotteries) (Brief Article)*The Economist* (US) | 5 August 1995 1. **[^](#cite_ref-28)** Apartheid mythology and symbolism. desegregated and re-invented in the service of nation building in the new South Africa: the covenant and the battle of Blood/Ncome River 1. **[^](#cite_ref-29)** Riley, Jim. ["Liberalism & Conservatism"](https://web.archive.org/web/20171114163741/http://academic.regis.edu/jriley/libcons.htm). *academic.regis.edu*. Archived from [the original](http://academic.regis.edu/jriley/libcons.htm) on 14 November 2017. Retrieved 4 July 2017. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-30)** Farney, James Harold (2012). [*Social Conservatives and Party Politics in Canada and the United States*](https://books.google.com/books?id=odcZbJnUN3cC&pg=PA13). University of Toronto Press. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-4426-1260-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4426-1260-0). 1. **[^](#cite_ref-31)** Cramer, Clayton E. (2016). *Social Conservatism in An Age of Revolution: Legislating Christian Morality in Revolutionary America*. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-32)** Smith, Robert B. (2014). Harry F. Dahms (ed.). [*Social Conservatism, Distractors, and Authoritarianism: Axiological versus instrumental rationality*](https://books.google.com/books?id=C5V1BQAAQBAJ&pg=PA101). Emerald Group Publishing. p. 101. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-78441-222-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78441-222-7). 1. **[^](#cite_ref-33)** Darren Dochuk, *From Bible Belt to Sun Belt: Plain-Folk Religion, Grassroots Politics, and the Rise of Evangelical Conservatism* (W.W. Norton & Company; 2010) shows how migrants to Southern California from Oklahoma, Texas, and Arkansas provided evangelical support for social conservatism. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-34)** ["Xi Jinping Thought Explained: A New Ideology for a New Era?"](https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/26/world/asia/xi-jinping-thought-explained-a-new-ideology-for-a-new-era.html). *www.nytimes.com*. 18 February 2018. Retrieved 29 October 2025. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-fattibene_35-0)** Fattibene, Gabriella; Windle, James; Lynch, Orla; Helm, Grant; Purvis, Joe; Seppa, Liina. ["The Far-Right Ecosystem in Ireland: History and Contemporary Trends"](https://pt.icct.nl/sites/default/files/2024-12/Fattibene%20et%20al%20The%20Far-Right%20Ecosystem%20in%20Ireland%20History%20and%20Contemporary%20Trends.pdf) (PDF). *Perspectives on Terrorism*. Retrieved 25 April 2026. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-36)** [Il programma del Popolo della Famiglia di Mario Adinolfi](http://www.intelligonews.it/articoli/24-marzo-2016/38867/il-programma-del-popolo-della-famiglia-di-mario-adinolfi-c-e-x-come-xenofilia-e-y-come-y-chromosome) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170118032608/http://www.intelligonews.it/articoli/24-marzo-2016/38867/il-programma-del-popolo-della-famiglia-di-mario-adinolfi-c-e-x-come-xenofilia-e-y-come-y-chromosome) 18 January 2017 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) (intelligonews) 1. **[^](#cite_ref-37)** [Programma](http://www.italiacristiana.it/il-programma-2/) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170307052641/http://www.italiacristiana.it/il-programma-2/) 7 March 2017 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) (Italia Cristiana) 1. **[^](#cite_ref-38)** [Parties and Elections in Europe](http://parties-and-elections.eu/italy.html) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20120615231622/http://parties-and-elections.eu/italy.html) 15 June 2012 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine). Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved on 24 August 2013. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-Ignazi2008_39-0)** Piero Ignazi (2008). *Partiti politici in Italia*. Il Mulino, Bologna. p. 58. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-blogs.wsj.com_40-0)** Inada, Miho; Dvorak, Phred. ["Same-Sex Marriage in Japan: A Long Way Away?"](https://blogs.wsj.com/japanrealtime/2013/09/20/same-sex-marriage-in-japan-a-long-way-away/) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20160616022229/https://blogs.wsj.com/japanrealtime/2013/09/20/same-sex-marriage-in-japan-a-long-way-away/) 16 June 2016 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine). *The Wall Street Journal*. 20 September 2013. Retrieved 31 March 2014. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-41)** Lockhart, Charles (2010). [*Protecting the Elderly: How Culture Shapes Social Policy*](https://books.google.com/books?id=ZcO7LGc5CogC&pg=PA84). Penn State Press. p. 84. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-271-02289-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-271-02289-5). Retrieved 22 November 2020. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-42)** Magara, Hideko; Sacchi, Stefano, eds. (2013). [*The Politics of Structural Reforms: Social and Industrial Policy Change in Italy and Japan*](https://books.google.com/books?id=beLDAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA95). Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 95. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-85793-292-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85793-292-1). Retrieved 22 November 2020. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-43)** Pekkanen, Robert J.; Scheiner, Ethan; Reed, Steven R., eds. (2016). [*Japan decides 2014: the Japanese general election*](https://books.google.com/books?id=6m_eCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA104). Springer. pp. 104, 106. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1057/9781137552006](https://doi.org/10.1057%2F9781137552006). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-349-56437-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-349-56437-8). Retrieved 22 November 2020. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-44)** Lucien Ellington, ed. (2009). [*Japan*](https://books.google.com/books?id=Fox9YR80V7sC&q=social+conservative+Komeito&pg=PA168). [ABC-CLIO](/source/ABC-CLIO). p. 168. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-59884-162-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59884-162-6). ... Because of this political strength, the Liberal Democratic Party has in recent years included the moderate to socially conservative Komeito Party in coalition governments. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-45)** Pauline Macaraeg (27 January 2019). ["Who to Vote For? Get To Know the Political Parties in the Philippines"](https://www.esquiremag.ph/politics/news/political-parties-in-the-philippines-a00287-20190127-lfrm). *Esquire Philippines*. Retrieved 9 April 2025. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-46)** "Philippines". *World Encyclopedia of Political Systems and Parties*. Facts On File. 1999. p. 887. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-47)** Perron, Louis (2009). *Election Campaigns in the Philippines*. Routledge. p. 361. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-48)** ["Tanzania's president says women using birth control are too 'lazy' to feed a family"](https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/tanzania-president-john-magufuli-birth-control-lazy-feed-family-a8534316.html). *The Independent*. 12 September 2018. Retrieved 8 December 2025. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-49)** Maizland, Lindsay (28 June 2017). ["Tanzania's president is cracking down on LGBTQ rights. He says cows would approve"](https://www.vox.com/world/2017/6/28/15885748/tanzania-president-homophobic-cows-lgbtq-crackdown). *Vox*. Retrieved 8 December 2025. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-50)** ["Gay Marriage Bill In Northern Ireland Blocked Again By Socially Conservative Democratic Unionist Party"](http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2015/04/27/gay-marriage-once-again-blocked-in-northern-ireland-by-socially-conservative-democratic-unionist-party_n_7152810.html). *Huffingtonpost.co.uk*. 27 April 2015. Retrieved 9 January 2019. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-Andrew_Sparrow_51-0)** Sparrow, Andrew (11 March 2024). ["Both Labour and group of Conservative MPs say Lee Anderson defection highlights Tory failings – as it happened"](https://www.theguardian.com/politics/live/2024/mar/11/rishi-sunak-tom-tugendhat-conservatives-richard-tice-labour-keir-starmer-uk-politics-live). *The Guardian*. Retrieved 14 May 2024. The New Conservatives, a group of rightwing, socially conservative MPs ... 1. **[^](#cite_ref-52)** Allan, James (2021). [*Democratic Digital Campaign Strategies in the Age of Trump: Circulation Theory, Digital Networks, and Memes*](https://baylor-ir.tdl.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/d0e83751-a087-4ab9-9a4b-fc042127004a/content) (Master of Arts thesis). [Baylor University](/source/Baylor_University). p. 6. The socially conservative factions, such as the Blue Dog Coalition, and the socially liberal faction, like the Congressional Progressive Caucus, disagree on matters of social and fiscal policy. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-53)** Beyer, Scott (20 February 2026). ["Should There Even Be A Libertarian Party?"](https://www.independent.org/article/2026/02/20/should-there-even-be-a-libertarian-party/). *Independent Institute*. Retrieved 3 May 2026. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-54)** Davis, Michelle R. (6 June 2006). ["Conservative House GOP Group Flexes Policy Muscle"](https://www.edweek.org/policy-politics/conservative-house-gop-group-flexes-policy-muscle/2006/06). *Education Week*. [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0277-4232](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0277-4232). Retrieved 8 December 2025. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-55)** ["The House Freedom Caucus is urging Senate Republicans to oppose a same-sex marriage bill. Their chairman voted for it"](https://www.politico.com/minutes/congress/07-22-2022/freedom-caucus-split/). *www.politico.com*. Retrieved 8 December 2025. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-56)** Reilly, Mollie (21 October 2015). ["House Conservatives Support Paul Ryan For Speaker, But Won't Formally Endorse Him"](https://www.huffpost.com/entry/house-freedom-caucus-paul-ryan_n_56281b41e4b0bce34703ee96). *[HuffPost](/source/HuffPost)*. Retrieved 14 July 2016. the group of hardline conservatives ... the socially conservative House Freedom Caucus ## Bibliography - Heywood, Andrew (2017). *Political Ideologies: An Introduction*. Palgrave Macmillan. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-137-60604-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-137-60604-4). ## Further reading - [Carlson, Allan](/source/Allan_C._Carlson), *The Family in America: Searching for Social Harmony in the Industrial Age* (2003) [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-7658-0536-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7658-0536-7) - [Carlson, Allan](/source/Allan_C._Carlson), *Family Questions: Reflections on the American Social Crisis* (1991) [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-56000-555-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56000-555-6) - Fleming, Thomas, *The Politics of Human Nature,* (1988) [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-56000-693-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56000-693-5) - Gallagher, Maggie, *The Abolition of Marriage: How We Destroy Lasting Love* (1996) [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-89526-464-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89526-464-1) - Himmelfarb, Gertrude, *The De-moralization Of Society* (1996) [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-679-76490-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-679-76490-9) - Hitchens, Peter, *[The Abolition of Britain](/source/The_Abolition_of_Britain)*. (1999) [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-7043-8117-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7043-8117-6) - Jones, E. Michael, *Degenerate Moderns: Modernity As Rationalized Sexual Misbehavior*. (1993) [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-89870-447-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89870-447-2) - Kirk, Russell, *The Conservative Mind,* 7th Ed. (2001) [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-89526-171-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89526-171-5) - Magnet, Myron, *Modern Sex: Liberation and Its Discontents* (2001) [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-56663-384-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56663-384-2) - Medved, Diane and Dan Quayle, *The American Family: Discovering the Values That Make Us Strong* (1997) [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-06-092810-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-06-092810-7) - Sobran, Joseph, *Single Issues: Essays on the Crucial Social Questions* (1983) [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-199-24333-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-199-24333-7). ## External links - Media related to [Social conservatism](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Social_conservatism) at Wikimedia Commons v t e Social philosophy Concepts Advocacy/activism Agency Anomie Convention Cosmopolitanism Customs Cultural heritage Culturalism 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