# Smalyany

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**Smalyany** (Belarusian: Смальяны; Russian: Смольяны) is an [agrotown](/source/Agrotown_(Belarus)) in [Orsha District](/source/Orsha_District), [Vitebsk Region](/source/Vitebsk_Region), [Belarus](/source/Belarus).[1] It serves as the administrative center of Smalyany [selsoviet](/source/Selsoviet).[2] It is situated 24 kilometres (15 mi) west-northwest of [Orsha](/source/Orsha).[3]

## History

In 1926, 950 Jews lived in the settlement, just over half of the total population.[3] During the [German invasion of the Soviet Union](/source/German_invasion_of_the_Soviet_Union), the settlement was captured by German forces of [Army Group Centre](/source/Army_Group_Centre) on 9 July 1941.[3] The Germans established a [ghetto](/source/Smalyany_Ghetto), possibly during the fall of 1941; the ghetto was liquidated on 5 April 1942 as a mass shooting of Jews took place.[3] The Soviet [Extraordinary State Commission](/source/Extraordinary_State_Commission) (ChGK) estimated the number of victims to be 610, with a list compiled by the ChGK containing the names of 254 Jews.[3]

## References

1. ["Оршанский районный исполнительный комитет - Горпоссельисполкомы"](https://www.orsha.vitebsk-region.gov.by/gorselispolkomy) (in ru-ru). *www.orsha.vitebsk-region.gov.by*

1. Gaponenko, Irina Olegovna (2009). *Назвы населеных пунктаў Рэспублікі Беларусь: Віцебская вобласць*. Minsk: Тэхналогія. p. 78. ISBN 978-985-458-192-7.

1. Megargee & Dean 2012, p. 1734.

## Sources

- Megargee, Geoffrey P. & Dean, Martin (4 May 2012). [*The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933 –1945: Volume II: Ghettos in German-Occupied Eastern Europe*](https://books.google.com/books?id=9f_YAgAAQBAJ). Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-00202-0.

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