# Slurry > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Slurry > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Slurry.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slurry > Source revision: 1349966281 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{short description|Mixture of solids suspended in liquid}} {{for|the geographical place|Slurry, North West}} {{jargon|date=September 2022}} [[Image:High angle.jpg|right|thumb|A slurry composed of glass beads in [silicone oil](/source/silicone_oil) flowing down an inclined plane]] [[File:Potato starch slurry.jpg|thumb|[Potato starch](/source/Potato_starch) slurry]] A '''slurry''' is a mixture of denser solids suspended in liquid, usually water. The most common use of slurry is as a means of transporting solids or separating minerals, the liquid being a carrier that is pumped on a device such as a [centrifugal pump](/source/centrifugal_pump). The size of solid particles may vary from 1 [micrometre](/source/micrometre) up to hundreds of [millimetres](/source/millimetres). The particles may settle below a certain transport velocity and the mixture can behave like a [Newtonian](/source/Newtonian_fluid) or [non-Newtonian](/source/Non-Newtonian_fluid) fluid. Depending on the mixture, the slurry may be abrasive and/or corrosive. ==Examples== Examples of slurries include: *Cement slurry, a mixture of [cement](/source/cement), water, and assorted dry and liquid additives used in the [petroleum](/source/Petroleum_industry) and other industries{{Cite web |url=http://www.glossary.oilfield.slb.com/Display.cfm?Term=cement |title=Shlumberger: Oilfield glossary |access-date=2012-05-06 |archive-date=2012-05-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120531130250/http://www.glossary.oilfield.slb.com/Display.cfm?Term=cement |url-status=dead }}{{Cite web |url=http://www.rheonova.fr/en/chemistry |title=Rheonova : Measuring rheological properties of settling slurries |access-date=2013-11-30 |archive-date=2020-04-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418021320/http://www.rheonova.fr/en/chemistry |url-status=live }} *Soil/cement slurry, also called Controlled Low-Strength Material (CLSM), flowable fill, controlled density fill, flowable mortar, plastic soil-cement, K-Krete, and other names{{Cite web |url=http://www.cement.org/basics/concreteproducts_clsm.asp |title=Portland Cement Association: Controlled Low-Strength Material |access-date=2012-05-06 |archive-date=2013-10-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017174048/http://www.cement.org/basics/concreteproducts_clsm.asp |url-status=live }} *A mixture of [thickening agent](/source/thickening_agent), oxidizers, and water used to form a [gel explosive](/source/Water_gel_explosive){{Cite web|url=http://www.iring.ca/_Knowledgebase/module_2_3.html?ms=AAA%3D&st=MA%3D%3D&sct=MjI%3D&mw=MjQw|title=IRing - Creators of Aegis, an underground drill & blast planning software that helps a mine improve its effectiveness and efficiency|access-date=2020-01-02|archive-date=2020-08-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807045312/http://www.iring.ca/_Knowledgebase/module_2_3.html?ms=AAA%3D&st=MA%3D%3D&sct=MjI%3D&mw=MjQw|url-status=live}} *A mixture of [pyroclastic](/source/Pyroclastic_rock) material, rocky debris, and water produced in a [volcanic eruption](/source/volcanic_eruption) and known as a [lahar](/source/lahar) *A mixture of [bentonite](/source/bentonite) and water used to make [slurry wall](/source/slurry_wall)s *[Coal slurry](/source/Coal_slurry), a mixture of [coal waste](/source/coal_refuse) and water, or crushed coal and water[https://archive.today/20130201031501/http://www.redvalve.com/rv/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=137&Itemid=56 Red Valve Company: Coal Slurry Pipeline] *[Slip](/source/Slip_(ceramics)), a mixture of [clay](/source/clay) and water used for joining, glazing and decoration of ceramics and pottery. *[Slurry oil](/source/Slurry_oil), the highest boiling fraction distilled from the effluent of an [FCC unit](/source/FCC_unit) in an [oil refinery](/source/oil_refinery). It contains a large amount of catalyst, in form of sediments hence the denomination of slurry. *A mixture of wood pulp and water used to make [paper](/source/paper) *Manure slurry, a mixture of animal waste, organic matter, and sometimes water often known simply as "slurry" in [agricultural](/source/Agriculture) use, used as [fertilizer](/source/fertilizer) after aging in a [slurry pit](/source/slurry_pit) *[Meat slurry](/source/Meat_slurry), a mixture of finely ground meat and water, centrifugally dewatered and used as a food ingredient. *An abrasive substance used in [chemical-mechanical polishing](/source/chemical-mechanical_polishing) *[Slurry ice](/source/Slurry_ice), a mixture of ice crystals, freezing point depressant, and water *A mixture of raw materials and water involved in the [rawmill](/source/rawmill) manufacture of [Portland cement](/source/Portland_cement) *A [bolus](/source/Bolus_(digestion)) of chewed food mixed with [saliva](/source/saliva)[http://www.rheonova.fr/en/fodd-industry Rheonova : Measuring food bolus properties] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20131130092240/http://www.rheonova.fr/en/fodd-industry |date=2013-11-30 }} *A mixture of epoxy glue and [glass microsphere](/source/glass_microsphere)s used as a filler compound around core materials in [sandwich-structured composite](/source/sandwich-structured_composite) airframes. ==Calculations== ===Determining solids fraction=== To determine the percent solids (or solids fraction) of a slurry from the density of the slurry, solids and liquidWills, B.A. and Napier-Munn, T.J, ''Wills' Mineral Processing Technology: an introduction to the practical aspects of ore treatment and mineral recovery, {{ISBN|978-0-7506-4450-1}}'', Seventh Edition (2006), Elsevier, Great Britain :\phi_{sl}=\frac{\rho_{s}(\rho_{sl} - \rho_{l})}{\rho_{sl}(\rho_{s} - \rho_{l})} where :\phi_{sl} is the solids fraction of the slurry (state by mass) :\rho_{s} is the solids density :\rho_{sl} is the slurry density :\rho_{l} is the liquid density In aqueous slurries, as is common in mineral processing, the specific gravity of the species is typically used, and since [specific gravity](/source/Relative_density) of water is taken to be 1, this relation is typically written: :\phi_{sl}=\frac{\rho_{s}(\rho_{sl} - 1)}{\rho_{sl}(\rho_{s} - 1)} even though specific gravity with units tonnes/m3 (t/m3) is used instead of the SI density unit, kg/m3. ===Liquid mass from mass fraction of solids=== To determine the mass of liquid in a sample given the mass of solids and the mass fraction: By definition :\phi_{sl}=\frac{M_{s}}{M_{sl}} therefore :M_{sl}=\frac{M_{s}}{\phi_{sl}} and :M_{s}+M_{l}=\frac{M_{s}}{\phi_{sl}} then :M_{l}=\frac{M_{s}}{\phi_{sl}}-M_{s} and therefore :M_{l}=\frac{1-\phi_{sl}}{\phi_{sl}}M_{s} where :\phi_{sl} is the solids fraction of the slurry :M_{s} is the mass or mass flow of solids in the sample or stream :M_{sl} is the mass or mass flow of slurry in the sample or stream :M_{l} is the mass or mass flow of liquid in the sample or stream ===Volumetric fraction from mass fraction=== :\phi_{sl,m}=\frac{M_{s}}{M_{sl}} Equivalently :\phi_{sl,v}=\frac{V_{s}}{V_{sl}} and in a minerals processing context where the specific gravity of the liquid (water) is taken to be one: :\phi_{sl,v}=\frac{\frac{M_{s}}{SG_{s}}}{\frac{M_{s}}{SG_{s}}+\frac{M_{l}}{1}} So :\phi_{sl,v}=\frac{M_{s}}{M_{s}+M_{l}SG_{s}} and :\phi_{sl,v}=\frac{1}{1+\frac{M_{l}SG_{s}}{M_{s}}} Then combining with the first equation: :\phi_{sl,v}=\frac{1}{1+\frac{M_{l}SG_{s}}{\phi_{sl,m}M_{s}}\frac{M_{s}}{M_{s}+M_{l}}} So :\phi_{sl,v}=\frac{1}{1+\frac{SG_{s}}{\phi_{sl,m}}\frac{M_{l}}{M_{s}+M_{l}}} Then since :\phi_{sl,m}=\frac{M_{s}}{M_{s}+M_{l}}=1-\frac{M_{l}}{M_{s}+M_{l}} we conclude that :\phi_{sl,v}=\frac{1}{1+SG_{s}(\frac{1}{\phi_{sl,m}}-1)} where :\phi_{sl,v} is the solids fraction of the slurry on a ''volumetric'' basis :\phi_{sl,m} is the solids fraction of the slurry on a ''mass'' basis :M_{s} is the mass or mass flow of solids in the sample or stream :M_{sl} is the mass or mass flow of slurry in the sample or stream :M_{l} is the mass or mass flow of liquid in the sample or stream :SG_{s} is the bulk specific gravity of the solids ==See also== *[Grout](/source/Grout) *[Slurry pipeline](/source/Slurry_pipeline) *[Slurry transport](/source/Slurry_transport) *[Slurry wall](/source/Slurry_wall) ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== {{commons category|Slurry}} {{wiktionary|slurry}} *Bonapace, A.C. [http://solids-hydraulic-transport.com/introduction.html A General Theory of the Hydraulic Transport of Solids in Full Suspension] *{{cite journal|doi=10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2012.11.003|title=Experimental study of hydraulic transport of large particles in horizontal pipes|journal=Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science|volume=45|pages=187–197|year=2013|last1=Ravelet|first1=F.|last2=Bakir|first2=F.|last3=Khelladi|first3=S.|last4=Rey|first4=R.|bibcode=2013ETFS...45..187R |s2cid=55554454 |url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00631562/file/CaillouxFinalHal.pdf}} *Ming, G., Ruixiang, L., Fusheng, N., Liqun, X. (2007). [https://www.westerndredging.org/phocadownload/ConferencePresentations/2007_WODA_Florida/Session4B-DredgingResearch/2%20-%20Ming%20-%20Hydraulic%20Transport%20of%20Coarse%20Gravel%E2%80%93A%20Laboratory%20Investigation%20into%20Flow%20Resistance.pdf Hydraulic Transport of Coarse Gravel—A Laboratory Investigation Into Flow Resistance.] {{Authority control}} Category:Environmental engineering Category:Materials Category:Fluid mechanics Category:By-products --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Slurry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slurry) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slurry?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.