# Shiny pigtoe

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Species of bivalve

Shiny pigtoe Museum specimen Conservation status Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1)[1] Endangered (ESA)[2][3] Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca Class: Bivalvia Order: Unionida Family: Unionidae Genus: Fusconaia Species: F. cor Binomial name Fusconaia cor (Conrad, 1834) Synonyms[4] Fusconaia edgariana (Lea, 1840) Unio cor Conrad, 1834 Unio edgarianus Lea, 1840 Unio obuncus Lea, 1871 Unio andersonensis Lea, 1872 Fusconaia cor subsp. analoga Ortmann, 1918

The **shiny pigtoe** (***Fusconaia cor***) is a species of [bivalve](/source/Bivalve) in the family [Unionidae](/source/Unionidae). It is [endemic](/source/Endemism) to the [United States](/source/United_States).

The shiny pigtoe has been eliminated from most of its historic range.[1] Populations currently exist in the [North Fork of the Holston River](/source/Holston_River), [Clinch](/source/Clinch_River), [Powell](/source/Powell_River_(Tennessee_River_tributary)) and [Paint Rock](/source/Paint_Rock_River) river systems in [Alabama](/source/Alabama), [Tennessee](/source/Tennessee), and [Virginia](/source/Virginia).[5] Threats to the species include habitat alteration and fragmentation, hydroelectric [dams](/source/Dam), wastewater discharge, water withdrawal, non-native species, and runoff of silt and other pollutants.[6]

It is a medium-sized mussel that is about 2.5 inches (64 mm) in size. It has a smooth and shiny oval-shaped shell with distinguishing dark green to blackish rays on a yellow to brown background. Younger specimens have a bolder ray color patterning. The inner [nacre](/source/Nacre) is white.[6]

The shiny pigtoe is tachytichtic, spawning between late May and early June.[5] Known [glochidial](/source/Glochidia) hosts include the common (*[Luxilus cornutus](/source/Luxilus_cornutus)*), warpaint (*[Luxilus coccogenis](/source/Luxilus_coccogenis)*), telescope (*[Notropis telescopus](/source/Notropis_telescopus)*) and whitetail (*[Cyprinella galactura](/source/Cyprinella_galactura)*) shiners.[5]

This species appears to be most closely related to *[Fusconaia cuneolus](/source/Fusconaia_cuneolus)*.[7]

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-iucn_status_16_November_2021_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-iucn_status_16_November_2021_1-1) Cummings, K.; Cordeiro, J. (2012). ["*Fusconaia cor*"](https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/8778/3146798). *[IUCN Red List of Threatened Species](/source/IUCN_Red_List)*. **2012** e.T8778A3146798. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T8778A3146798.en](https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T8778A3146798.en). Retrieved 16 November 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** ["Shiny pigtoe (*Fusconaia cor*)"](https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/2573). *Environmental Conservation Online System*. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. Retrieved 22 April 2023.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** 41 [FR](/source/Federal_Register) [24062](https://www.govinfo.gov/link/fr/41/24062)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["*Fusconaia cor* (Conrad, 1834)"](https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=80044). [Integrated Taxonomic Information System](/source/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System). Retrieved 22 April 2023.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-tnc_5-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-tnc_5-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-tnc_5-2) NatureServe (7 April 2023). ["*Fusconaia cor*"](https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.108198/Fusconaia_cor). *NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data accessed through NatureServe Explorer*. Arlington, Virginia: NatureServe. Retrieved 22 April 2023.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-fws_6-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-fws_6-1) US Fish and Wildlife Service. ["Species profile for Shiny pigtoe (Fusconaia cor)"](https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/2573).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Campbell, David; Lydeard, Charles (2012). "Molecular Systematics of *Fusconaia* (Bivalvia: Unionidae: Ambleminae)". *American Malacological Bulletin*. **30** (1): 1–17. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2012AMalB..30....1C](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012AMalB..30....1C). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.4003/006.030.0101](https://doi.org/10.4003%2F006.030.0101). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [84552044](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:84552044).

Taxon identifiers Fusconaia cor Wikidata: Q309011 BOLD: 79259 CoL: 6K4J7 ECOS: 2573 EoL: 449593 GBIF: 2288192 iNaturalist: 101101 IRMNG: 10229953 ITIS: 80044 IUCN: 8778 NatureServe: 2.108198 NCBI: 301909 Open Tree of Life: 167646 WoRMS: 857309

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Shiny pigtoe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiny_pigtoe) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiny_pigtoe?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.