# Sharhorod

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City in Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine

City in Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine

Sharhorod Шаргород Szarogród City Saint Nicholas Cathedral Coat of arms Sharhorod Location of Sharhorod Show map of Vinnytsia Oblast Sharhorod Sharhorod (Ukraine) Show map of Ukraine Coordinates: 48°45′N 28°05′E / 48.75°N 28.08°E / 48.75; 28.08 Country Ukraine Oblast Vinnytsia Oblast Raion Zhmerynka Raion Hromada Sharhorod urban hromada Founded 1585 Magdeburg rights 1588 Area • Total 6.87 km2 (2.65 sq mi) Elevation 245 m (804 ft) Population (2022)[1] • Total 6,982 • Density 1,020/km2 (2,630/sq mi) Postal code 23500 - 23504 Area code +380 4344 Website shargorod-miskrada.gov.ua

**Sharhorod** ([Ukrainian](/source/Ukrainian_language): Шаргород, IPA: [\[ˈʃɑrɦorod\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Ukrainian) [ⓘ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LL-Q8798_(ukr)-Gzhegozh-%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4.wav)) is a small [city](/source/List_of_cities_in_Ukraine) located upon the Murashka river in the historical region of [Eastern Podolia](/source/Podolia) in [Vinnytsia Oblast](/source/Vinnytsia_Oblast), Ukraine.[2] It served as the administrative center of the former [Sharhorod Raion](/source/Sharhorod_Raion) until its dissolution in 2020. Population: 6,982 (2022 estimate).[1]

Sharhorod also has a number of foreign names, such as [Russian](/source/Russian_language): Шаргород, *Shargorod*, and [Polish](/source/Polish_language): *Szarogród*.

## History

### Early history

Sharhorod was founded in 1585 by [Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth](/source/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth) chancellor and hetman, [Jan Zamoyski](/source/Jan_Zamoyski) as a fortress. It emerged on the site of the village of Korchmarove, which existed on the location in the 15th century.[2] It was located very close to the border with the [Ottoman Empire](/source/Ottoman_Empire). Jan Zamoyski was known for establishing the [Zamoyski family entail](/source/Zamoyski_family_entail).

Sharhorod received city rights under [Magdeburg law](/source/Magdeburg_rights) in 1588.[3] Zamoyski later was heavily involved in neighboring "[Moldavian Ventures](/source/Moldavian_Magnate_Wars)" and Sharhorod is located relatively close to [Moldavia](/source/Moldavia).

Because of its location along wine and cattle trading routes, during the 16th and 17th centuries Sharhorod was fought over by [Cossacks](/source/Zaporozhian_Cossacks), Poles and [Turks](/source/Ottoman_Empire).[2] It emerged as one of the largest towns in Podolia. The Turks occupied Sharhorod between 1672 and 1699, when the town was called "Little Istanbul".[2] During that time, the [synagogue](/source/Synagogue_(Sharhorod)) was converted into a [mosque](/source/Mosque). In the nineteenth century, the town became a center of Jewish [Hasidism](/source/Hasidism).[4]

A [Basilian](/source/Basilian_monks) monastery was established in Sharhorod in 1717; in 1795 it was transferred to the [Orthodox Church](/source/Russian_Orthodox_Church) and functioned until its dissolution during the 1920s.[2]

Rabbi [Jacob Joseph of Polonne](/source/Jacob_Joseph_of_Polonne) fled to [Raşcov](/source/Ra%C5%9Fcov) as a result of being exiled from Sharhorod. Having been the rabbi of Sharhorod for several years, Rabbi Jacob Joseph was expelled from his position on a Friday afternoon in 1748. In several of his [*responsa*](/source/History_of_responsa_in_Judaism), which he wrote in Raşcov, he reveals the suffering which he had undergone.[5] He would later leave Raşcov after being appointed rabbi in [Nemirov](/source/Nemirov), a center of [Hasidism](/source/Hasidic_Judaism), where he practiced daily fasting for five years, until the [Besht](/source/Besht) came upon him.

From 1776 to 1792, the 7th Polish National Cavalry Brigade was garrisoned in Szarogród.[6]

Sharhorod was briefly described in a book titled: "Geographic Dictionary of Polish Kingdom and other Slavic places," published in Warsaw in Poland.[7]

### World War II

In 1939, 1,660 Jews lived in Sharhorod, making up three quarters of the population. On July 22, 1941, German troops occupied Sharhorod. The soldiers harassed Jews and looted their property. Jews were forced to pay taxes and wear an armband with a Jewish star. In the fall of 1941, Sharhorod became part of the newly established Romanian "[Transnistria Governorate](/source/Transnistria_Governorate)" Five thousand Jews were deported from [Bessarabia](/source/Bessarabia) and [Bukovina](/source/Bukovina) to Sharhorod. Compared to many other ghettos in [Transnistria](/source/Transnistria), especially smaller ones, living conditions were tolerable despite [forced labor](/source/Forced_labour): there was a bakery, a soup kitchen for the poor, and a functioning administration; even the large synagogue was reopened. Many of the Jews in the Shargorod ghetto died of disease, 1,449 from a typhus epidemic in early 1942, or were deported to [labor camps](/source/Labor_camp), leaving only about 2,971 deported Jews (2,731 from Bukovina and 240 from Bessarabia) alive on September 1, 1943, though about 500 Jews originally from Dorohoi were relocated to the village of Capushterna in 1943, as a part of the relocation of 1,000 Jews to ten nearby villages.[8][9][10][11][12] Four Jews in Shargorod died because of typhus between October 1942 and February 1943.[13][14] Six Jews were executed on March 20, 1942, for leaving the ghetto without permission.[15] The number of local Transnistrian Jews in Shargorod was originally 1,800 in round numbers in late 1941.[13][16] The number was almost equally large on January 31, 1943, 1,800 in round numbers.[17][16] According to a survivor of the deportations from Suceava in Bukovina, Zeef Scharf, "There were very few victims among the local Jews because the typhus was a customary thing in these areas and almost all the locals had gotten natural immunity".[18] About 400 Jews fled to Shargorod from elsewhere, including the German-occupied area east of the Bug River, and were provided by the local Jewish committee with the necessary documents.[19] The leader of the Jewish community in Shargorod in 1941-1944 was [Meier Teich](/source/Meier_Teich), the former leader of the Jewish community in Suceava.

According to the [Yad Vashem](/source/Yad_Vashem) database, the number of Jews who lived in Shargorod whose names are available, including the deportees, who died in the Holocaust was 2,652.[20] Out of these, 124 Jews whose names are listed in the Yad Vashem database had lived in Ukraine before the war.[21] Out of these, 93 had lived in Shargorod before the war, and some had been killed by the Germans before the arrival of the Romanians.[22] Before the war, 2,145 of those who died during the Holocaust in Shargorod had lived in Romania before the war according to the Yad Vashem database.[23] Out of them, 1,672 had lived in Bukovina before the war.[24] Out of these, 673 had lived in Suceava before the war,[25] while 566 had lived in [Campulung Moldovenesc](/source/C%C3%A2mpulung_Moldovenesc).[26] Moreover, 76 had lived in Bessarabia before the war,[27] while 301 had lived in Dorohoi and the adjacent localities.[28] Among the latter, many who died came from smaller towns in Dorohoi County and their adjacent villages, namely Darabani (58 dead),[29] Mihaileni (14 people),[30] and Saveni (9 people).[31] Shargorod was one of the minority of the localities localities in Transnistria where most Bessarabian Jewish deportees survived the Holocaust. Most of the Bessarabian Jews who died in Shargorod whose names are known came from the city of [Hotin](/source/Khotyn) and [Hotin County](/source/Hotin_County).[32] For more information on the Holocaust in [Transnistria](/source/Transnistria), including on the fate of the Jewish deportees from Romania, including Bukovina and Bessarabia, see [History of the Jews in Transnistria](/source/History_of_the_Jews_in_Transnistria).

### Postwar era

In 1984 the city's population reached 4,800 inhabitants. During that time Sharhorod was a centre of [food industry](/source/Food_industry).[2]

## Religious buildings

### Orthodox

St. Nicolas Orthodox Monastery - founded in 1719, initially constructed in 1782 and rebuilt in 1806–1818.[33][34][35]

### Catholic

St. Florian Catholic Cathedral - opened on November 3, 1525.[34][35]

### Jewish

[Synagogue](/source/Synagogue_(Sharhorod)) - built in 1589.[34][36][35]

## Culture

The international modern arts festival "Art-City: Sharhorod" is conducted in Sharhorod.[37][38]

Professional painters, amateur painters, art collectors and tourists from various countries like to attend the international modern arts festival "Art-City: Sharhorod".[39]

## Transportation

### Railway transportation

The nearest railway connection is the Yaroshenka railway station, located 28 km from the city.[40]

### Automobile transportation

There is a bus station in downtown Sharhorod. The road distance to [Zmerynka](/source/Zmerynka) is 37 km. The distance to [Bar, Ukraine](/source/Bar%2C_Ukraine) is around 60 km. The distance to [Vinnytsia](/source/Vinnytsia) is 80.8 km. The distance to [Kyiv](/source/Kyiv) is 330 km.

## Notable people

[Jacob Joseph of Polonne](/source/Jacob_Joseph_of_Polonne), a [Ukrainian](/source/History_of_the_Jews_in_Ukraine) rabbi and one of the first and most dedicated of the disciples of the founder of Chassidut, the Holy [Baal Shem Tov](/source/Baal_Shem_Tov).

## Gallery

		- St. Florian Catholic church

		- Synagogue

		- View of the Jewish [shtetl](/source/Shtetl) of Sharhorod during the 1930s

		- Emblem of Sharhorod on a 19th century map

		- Historic image of Sharhorod

Modern skyline

## See also

- [History of the Jews in Bessarabia](/source/History_of_the_Jews_in_Bessarabia)

- [History of the Jews in Transnistria](/source/History_of_the_Jews_in_Transnistria)

- [History of the Jews in Bukovina](/source/History_of_the_Jews_in_Bukovina)

- [Mohyliv-Podilskyi](/source/Mohyliv-Podilskyi)

- [Dorohoi](/source/Dorohoi)

- [Dorohoi County](/source/Dorohoi_County)

- [Suceava](/source/Suceava)

- [Meier Teich](/source/Meier_Teich)

## References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Sharhorod](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sharhorod).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-ua2022estimate_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-ua2022estimate_1-1) [Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022](http://db.ukrcensus.gov.ua/PXWEB2007/ukr/publ_new1/2022/zb_%D0%A1huselnist.pdf) [*Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022*] (PDF) (in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: [State Statistics Service of Ukraine](/source/State_Statistics_Service_of_Ukraine). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220704164521/https://ukrstat.gov.ua/druk/publicat/kat_u/2022/zb/05/zb_%D0%A1huselnist.pdf) (PDF) from the original on 4 July 2022.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-ency_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-ency_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-ency_2-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-ency_2-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-ency_2-4) [***f***](#cite_ref-ency_2-5) *Енциклопедія українознавства. Словникова частина (ЕУ-II)*. Vol. 10. 2000. pp. 3789–3792.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["Шаргород"](http://imsu-vinnycja.com/mista-i-sela-vinnyckoi-oblasti/shargorodskyj-rajon/shargorod.html). *Вінницька область у складі УРСР | Інформаційно-пізнавальний портал*. Retrieved Apr 3, 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** [Veidlinger, Jeffrey, "In the Shadow of the Shtetl: Small Town Jewish Life in Soviet Ukraine](https://books.google.com/books?id=hUjJAAAAQBAJ&q=Sharhorod)", Indiana University Press, 2013 p.28

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** Dresner *Zaddik*; p. 57

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** Gembarzewski, Bronisław (1925). *Rodowody pułków polskich i oddziałów równorzędnych od r. 1717 do r. 1831* (in Polish). Warszawa: Towarzystwo Wiedzy Wojskowej. p. 9.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** ["Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom XI - wynik wyszukiwania - DIR"](http://dir.icm.edu.pl/pl/Slownik_geograficzny/Tom_XI/800) [Geographical dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland and other Slavic countries, Volume XI - search result - DIR]. *dir.icm.edu.pl* (in Polish). Retrieved Apr 3, 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-shargorod.sharrayrada.org.ua_8-0)** ["Історія міста Шаргород"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160821132055/http://shargorod.sharrayrada.gov.ua/istoriya-mista-shargorod/) [History of the city of Shargorod] (in Ukrainian). Archived from [the original](http://www.shargorod.sharrayrada.org.ua/istoriya-mista-shargorod/) on 2016-08-21. Retrieved 2020-12-10.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Cambridge_9-0)** Ploscariu, Iemma (January 2019). ["The Shargorod Ghetto During the Holocaust in Romanian Transnistria"](https://doi.org/10.1017%2Fnps.2018.16). *Nationalities Papers*. **47** (1). Cambridge University Press: 121–135. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1017/nps.2018.16](https://doi.org/10.1017%2Fnps.2018.16). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [158395220](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:158395220).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** ["Jewish traces in Sharhorod"](https://www.memorialmuseums.org/memorialmuseum/Jewish-traces-in-Sharhorod). *Memorial Museums*. Retrieved 2025-05-04.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Shargorod_11-0)** ["Shargorod"](https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/shargorod). *Jewish Virtual Library*. Retrieved February 21, 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** Yitzak Arad, *The Holocaust in the Soviet Union* (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2009), p. 302-303.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Radu_Ioanid_2000_p._206_13-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Radu_Ioanid_2000_p._206_13-1) Radu Ioanid, *The Holocaust in Romania: The Destruction of the Jews and Gypsies Under the Antonescu Regime* (Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 2000), p. 206.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-14)** Jean Ancel, *Transnistria* (Bucuresti: Atlas, 1998), vol. 3 (in Romanian), p. 36.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-15)** Julius S. Fisher, *Transnistria, The Forgotten Cemetery* (South Brunswick: Thomas Yoseloff, 1969), p. 35.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Jean_Ancel_1998_p._35_16-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Jean_Ancel_1998_p._35_16-1) Jean Ancel, *Transnistria* (Bucuresti: Atlas, 1998), vol. 3 (in Romanian), p. 35.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-17)** Radu Ioanid, *The Holocaust in Romania: The Destruction of the Jews and Gypsies Under the Antonescu Regime* (Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 2000), p. 221.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-18)** See Jean Ancel, *Transnistria* (Bucuresti: Atlas, 1998), vol. 3 (in Romanian), p. 35.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-19)** Yitzak Arad, *The Holocaust in the Soviet Union* (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2009), p. 303.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-20)** Yad Vashem, the World Holocaust Remembrance Center (in Israel), at [https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/search-results?page=1&s_place_death_search_en=Shargorod&t_place_death_search_en=yvSynonym](https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/search-results?page=1&s_place_death_search_en=Shargorod&t_place_death_search_en=yvSynonym)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-21)** Yad Vashem, the World Holocaust Remembrance Center (in Israel), at [https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/search-results?page=1&s_place_permanent_search_en=Ukraine&t_place_permanent_search_en=yvSynonym&s_place_death_search_en=Shargorod&t_place_death_search_en=yvSynonym](https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/search-results?page=1&s_place_permanent_search_en=Ukraine&t_place_permanent_search_en=yvSynonym&s_place_death_search_en=Shargorod&t_place_death_search_en=yvSynonym)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-22)** Yad Vashem, the World Holocaust Remembrance Center (in Israel), at [https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/search-results?page=1&s_place_permanent_search_en=Shargorod&t_place_permanent_search_en=yvSynonym&s_place_death_search_en=Shargorod&t_place_death_search_en=yvSynonym](https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/search-results?page=1&s_place_permanent_search_en=Shargorod&t_place_permanent_search_en=yvSynonym&s_place_death_search_en=Shargorod&t_place_death_search_en=yvSynonym)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-23)** Yad Vashem, the World Holocaust Remembrance Center (in Israel), at [https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/search-results?page=1&s_place_permanent_search_en=Romania&t_place_permanent_search_en=yvSynonym&s_place_death_search_en=Shargorod&t_place_death_search_en=yvSynonym](https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/search-results?page=1&s_place_permanent_search_en=Romania&t_place_permanent_search_en=yvSynonym&s_place_death_search_en=Shargorod&t_place_death_search_en=yvSynonym)

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1. **[^](#cite_ref-25)** Yad Vashem, the World Holocaust Remembrance Center (in Israel), at [https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/search-results?page=1&s_place_permanent_search_en=Suceava&t_place_permanent_search_en=yvSynonym&s_place_death_search_en=Shargorod&t_place_death_search_en=yvSynonym](https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/search-results?page=1&s_place_permanent_search_en=Suceava&t_place_permanent_search_en=yvSynonym&s_place_death_search_en=Shargorod&t_place_death_search_en=yvSynonym)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-26)** Yad Vashem, the World Holocaust Remembrance Center (in Israel), at [https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/search-results?page=1&s_place_permanent_search_en=Campulung&t_place_permanent_search_en=yvSynonym&s_place_death_search_en=Shargorod&t_place_death_search_en=yvSynonym](https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/search-results?page=1&s_place_permanent_search_en=Campulung&t_place_permanent_search_en=yvSynonym&s_place_death_search_en=Shargorod&t_place_death_search_en=yvSynonym)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-27)** Yad Vashem, the World Holocaust Remembrance Center (in Israel), at [https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/search-results?page=1&s_place_permanent_search_en=Bessarabia&t_place_permanent_search_en=yvSynonym&s_place_death_search_en=Shargorod&t_place_death_search_en=yvSynonym](https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/search-results?page=1&s_place_permanent_search_en=Bessarabia&t_place_permanent_search_en=yvSynonym&s_place_death_search_en=Shargorod&t_place_death_search_en=yvSynonym)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-28)** Yad Vashem, the World Holocaust Remembrance Center (in Israel), at [https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/search-results?page=1&s_place_permanent_search_en=Dorohoi&t_place_permanent_search_en=yvSynonym&s_place_death_search_en=Shargorod&t_place_death_search_en=yvSynonym](https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/search-results?page=1&s_place_permanent_search_en=Dorohoi&t_place_permanent_search_en=yvSynonym&s_place_death_search_en=Shargorod&t_place_death_search_en=yvSynonym)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-29)** Yad Vashem, the World Holocaust Remembrance Center (in Israel), at [https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/search-results?page=1&s_place_permanent_search_en=Darabani&t_place_permanent_search_en=yvSynonym&s_place_death_search_en=Shargorod&t_place_death_search_en=yvSynonym](https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/search-results?page=1&s_place_permanent_search_en=Darabani&t_place_permanent_search_en=yvSynonym&s_place_death_search_en=Shargorod&t_place_death_search_en=yvSynonym)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-30)** Yad Vashem, the World Holocaust Remembrance Center (in Israel), at [https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/search-results?page=1&s_place_permanent_search_en=Mihaileni&t_place_permanent_search_en=yvSynonym&s_place_death_search_en=Shargorod&t_place_death_search_en=yvSynonym](https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/names/search-results?page=1&s_place_permanent_search_en=Mihaileni&t_place_permanent_search_en=yvSynonym&s_place_death_search_en=Shargorod&t_place_death_search_en=yvSynonym)

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1. **[^](#cite_ref-38)** ["GRAFFITIZONE"](http://graffitizone.kiev.ua/). *graffitizone.kiev.ua*. Retrieved Apr 3, 2020.

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## Further reading

- [Tombstones Define Dying Shtetl in Ukraine, Los Angeles Times, 1997](https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-nov-09-mn-51918-story.html)

## External links

- [Sharhorod Fortress screened from a drone](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xWD1TOR8vVs).

v t e Administrative divisions of Vinnytsia Oblast Administrative center: Vinnytsia Raions Haisyn Khmilnyk Mohyliv-Podilskyi Tulchyn Vinnytsia Zhmerynka Hromadas Ahronomichne Babchyntsi Bar Bershad Bratslav Chechelnyk Chernivtsi Dashiv Dzhulynka Dzhuryn Haisyn Hlukhivtsi Hnivan Horodkivka Illintsi Ivaniv Kalynivka Khmilnyk Kopaihorod Koziatyn Krasnopilka Kryzhopil Kunka Ladyzhyn Lityn Luka-Meleshivska Lypovets Makhnivka Mohyliv-Podilskyi Murafa Murovani Kurylivtsi Nemyriv Obodivka Olhopil Orativ Pishchanka Pohrebyshche Raihorod Samhorodok Severynivka Sharhorod Shpykiv Sobolivka Stanislavchyk Stryzhavka Studena Sutysky Teplyk Tomashpil Trostianets Tulchyn Turbiv Tyvriv Ulaniv Vapniarka Vendychany Vinnytsia Voronovytsia Yakushyntsi Yampil Yaryshiv Zhdaniv Zhmerynka Cities Bar Bershad Haisyn Hnivan Illintsi Kalynivka Khmilnyk Koziatyn Ladyzhyn Lypovets Mohyliv-Podilskyi Nemyriv Vinnytsia Pohrebyshche Sharhorod Tulchyn Zhmerynka Yampil

Authority control databases International VIAF GND National United States Czech Republic Israel Other Yale LUX

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Sharhorod](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharhorod) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharhorod?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.