# Shane Crotty

> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Shane_Crotty
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Shane_Crotty.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shane_Crotty
> Source revision: 1314451551
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

**Shane Patrick Crotty** (born 26 January 1974) is a professor of [immunology](/source/Immunology) in the Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research at the [La Jolla Institute for Immunology](/source/La_Jolla_Institute_for_Immunology).[1]

## Education and academic posts

Crotty completed [B.S.](/source/B.S.) degrees in Biology and Writing from [Massachusetts Institute of Technology](/source/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology) in 1996.[1] He then completed his [Ph.D.](/source/Ph.D.) in 2001 at the [University of California, San Francisco](/source/University_of_California,_San_Francisco) with [Raul Andino](/source/Raul_Andino).[2][1]

Crotty went on to a [postdoctoral fellowship](/source/Postdoctoral_fellowship) from 2001 to 2003 with [Rafi Ahmed](/source/Rafi_Ahmed) at [Emory University Vaccine Center](/source/Emory_University_Vaccine_Center) studying immunity to viruses.[1] He joined the [La Jolla Institute for Immunology](/source/La_Jolla_Institute_for_Immunology) (LJI) in 2003, as well as the department of medicine of [University of California, San Diego](/source/University_of_California,_San_Diego), in 2004 as an adjunct assistant professor. He became an associate member with tenure at LJI in 2009,[3] and then a tenured professor.

## Research

Crotty's research has focused on immune responses to viral infections, in particular those driven by vaccines. His lab has done major work on the regulation and proliferation of [follicular helper T cells](/source/Follicular_helper_T_cell), as well as immunological protection from [HIV](/source/HIV) infection and HIV vaccine delivery strategy.[4][5] In close collaboration with [Alessandro Sette](/source/Alessandro_Sette), Crotty published the first detailed analysis[6] of the human immune response to SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, and later confirmed[7] that the [adaptive immune response](/source/Adaptive_immune_system) is lasting.

In 2020, Crotty joined the LJI Coronavirus Taskforce to study immune system responses with an aim of informing vaccines and therapies against the novel coronavirus, [SARS-CoV-2](/source/Severe_acute_respiratory_syndrome_coronavirus_2). His lab studies the adaptive immune response against SARS-CoV-2.[8] In May 2020, his lab co-published the first detailed analysis of how the immune system responds to SARS-CoV-2, with LJI Professor [Alessandro Sette](/source/Alessandro_Sette).[9][10] This research suggested that the human body may be capable of long-term immunity to SARS-CoV-2 following infection or vaccine administration.[11] Crotty has since published research showing that "uncoordinated" immune cell responses are related to COVID-19 case severity.[10] His lab has also collaborated with Sette to show that T cells that react to common cold coronaviruses can also recognize SARS-CoV-2.[12] Crotty has warned that this T-cell immunity does not equal protection against the virus.[13]

## Major publications

- Choi, Youn Soo; Kageyama, Robin; Eto, Danelle; Escobar, Tania C.; Johnston, Robert J.; Monticelli, Laurel; Lao, Christopher; Crotty, Shane (2011). "ICOS Receptor Instructs T Follicular Helper Cell versus Effector Cell Differentiation via Induction of the Transcriptional Repressor Bcl6". *Immunity*. **34** (6): 932–946. [doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2011.03.023](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2011.03.023). [PMC 3124577](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3124577). [PMID 21636296](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21636296)
- Johnston, R. J.; Poholek, A. C.; Ditoro, D.; Yusuf, I.; Eto, D.; Barnett, B.; Dent, A. L.; Craft, J.; Crotty, S. (2009). "Bcl6 and Blimp-1 Are Reciprocal and Antagonistic Regulators of T Follicular Helper Cell Differentiation". *Science*. **325** (5943): 1006–1010. [Bibcode:2009Sci...325.1006J](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009Sci...325.1006J). [doi:10.1126/science.1175870](https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1175870). [PMC 2766560](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2766560). [PMID 19608860](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19608860)
- Crotty, Shane; Felgner, Phil; Davies, Huw; Glidewell, John; Villarreal, Luis; Ahmed, Rafi (2003). "Cutting Edge: Long-Term B Cell Memory in Humans after Smallpox Vaccination". *The Journal of Immunology*. **171** (10): 4969–4973. [doi:10.4049/jimmunol.171.10.4969](https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.171.10.4969). [PMID 14607890](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14607890). [S2CID 32215286](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:32215286)
- Crotty, S.; Cameron, C. E.; Andino, R. (2001). "RNA virus error catastrophe: Direct molecular test by using ribavirin". *Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences*. **98** (12): 6895–6900. [Bibcode:2001PNAS...98.6895C](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001PNAS...98.6895C). [doi:10.1073/pnas.111085598](https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.111085598). [PMC 34449](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC34449). [PMID 11371613](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11371613)
- Crotty, Shane; Maag, David; Arnold, Jamie J.; Zhong, Weidong; Lau, Johnson Y. N.; Hong, Zhi; Andino, Raul; Cameron, Craig E. (2000). "The broad-spectrum antiviral ribonucleoside ribavirin is an RNA virus mutagen". *Nature Medicine*. **6** (12): 1375–1379. [doi:10.1038/82191](https://doi.org/10.1038/82191). [PMID 11100123](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11100123). [S2CID 52870674](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:52870674)

## Other publications

Crotty is also the author of a biography of [David Baltimore](/source/David_Baltimore) entitled *Ahead of the Curve*.[14][15] He is the co-editor with Rafi Ahmed of *Immune Memory and Vaccines: Great Debates*.[16]

## References

1. ["Crotty Lab - Lab Members"](https://www.lji.org/faculty-research/labs/crotty/#members). *La Jolla Institute for Immunology*. La Jolla Institute. Retrieved 11 July 2019.

1. ["Shane Crotty"](http://www.chavi-id.org/about/users/Shane-Crotty). Scripps Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery. Retrieved 11 July 2019.

1. Crotty, Shane. ["Biographical Sketch"](http://www3.mdanderson.org/calendar/attachments/%20Center_for_Inflammation_and_Cancer_CIC_Distinguished_Lecture_Series_2591.pdf)

1. ["Crotty Lab"](https://www.lji.org/faculty-research/labs/crotty/#overview). *La Jolla Institute for Immunology*

1. ["New HIV vaccine strategy 'pumps' the immune system"](https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/05/190509142828.htm). *Science Daily*. May 9, 2019.

1. Grifoni, Alba; Weiskopf, Daniela; Ramirez, Sydney I.; Mateus, Jose; Dan, Jennifer M.; Moderbacher, Carolyn Rydyznski; Rawlings, Stephen A.; Sutherland, Aaron; Premkumar, Lakshmanane; Jadi, Ramesh S.; Marrama, Daniel (June 2020). "Targets of T Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus in Humans with COVID-19 Disease and Unexposed Individuals". *Cell*. **181** (7): 1489–1501.e15. [doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.015](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.015). [ISSN 0092-8674](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0092-8674). [PMC 7237901](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7237901). [PMID 32473127](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32473127)

1. Dan, Jennifer M.; Mateus, Jose; Kato, Yu; Hastie, Kathryn M.; Yu, Esther Dawen; Faliti, Caterina E.; Grifoni, Alba; Ramirez, Sydney I.; Haupt, Sonya; Frazier, April; Nakao, Catherine (2021-01-06). "Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for up to 8 months after infection". *Science*. **371** (6529). [doi:10.1126/science.abf4063](https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abf4063). [ISSN 0036-8075](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0036-8075). [PMC 7919858](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7919858). [PMID 33408181](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33408181)

1. ["Crotty Lab"](https://www.lji.org/labs/crotty/). *La Jolla Institute for Immunology*. Retrieved 2021-04-23.

1. ["First detailed analysis of immune response to SARS-CoV-2 bodes well for COVID-19 vaccine development"](https://www.lji.org/news-events/news/post/first-detailed-analysis-of-immune-response-to-sars-cov-2-bodes-well-for-covid-19-vaccine-development/). *La Jolla Institute for Immunology*. Retrieved 2021-04-23.

1. Grifoni, Alba; Weiskopf, Daniela; Ramirez, Sydney I.; Mateus, Jose; Dan, Jennifer M.; Moderbacher, Carolyn Rydyznski; Rawlings, Stephen A.; Sutherland, Aaron; Premkumar, Lakshmanane; Jadi, Ramesh S.; Marrama, Daniel (2020-06-25). "Targets of T Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus in Humans with COVID-19 Disease and Unexposed Individuals". *Cell*. **181** (7): 1489–1501.e15. [doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.015](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.015). [ISSN 0092-8674](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0092-8674). [PMC 7237901](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7237901). [PMID 32473127](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32473127)

1. Leslie, Mitch (2020-05-14). ["T cells found in COVID-19 patients 'bode well' for long-term immunity"](https://www.science.org/content/article/t-cells-found-covid-19-patients-bode-well-long-term-immunity). *Science | AAAS*. Retrieved 2021-04-23.

1. Mateus, Jose; Grifoni, Alba; Tarke, Alison; Sidney, John; Ramirez, Sydney I.; Dan, Jennifer M.; Burger, Zoe C.; Rawlings, Stephen A.; Smith, Davey M.; Phillips, Elizabeth; Mallal, Simon (2020-10-02). "Selective and cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2 T cell epitopes in unexposed humans". *Science*. **370** (6512): 89–94. [Bibcode:2020Sci...370...89M](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020Sci...370...89M). [doi:10.1126/science.abd3871](https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd3871). [ISSN 0036-8075](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0036-8075). [PMC 7574914](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7574914). [PMID 32753554](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32753554)

1. Sette, Alessandro & Crotty, Shane (August 2020). "Pre-existing immunity to SARS-CoV-2: the knowns and unknowns". *Nature Reviews Immunology*. **20** (8): 457–458. [doi:10.1038/s41577-020-0389-z](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41577-020-0389-z). [ISSN 1474-1741](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1474-1741). [PMC 7339790](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7339790). [PMID 32636479](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32636479)

1. Didier Trono (July 2001). "Ahead of the Curve: David Baltimore's Life in Science". *Nature Medicine*. **7** (7): 767. [doi:10.1038/89868](https://doi.org/10.1038/89868). [S2CID 41609105](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41609105)

1. Barbara J. Culliton (2003). ["Ahead of the Curve: David Baltimore's Life in Science (review)"](https://muse.jhu.edu/article/43531/pdf). *Bulletin of the History of Medicine*. **77** (2): 474–475. [doi:10.1353/bhm.2003.0056](https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2003.0056). [S2CID 71233143](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:71233143)

1. Shane Crotty & Ahmed, Rafi (eds.) (2018). [*Immune Memory and Vaccines: Great Debates*](https://books.google.com/books?id=UrlSAQAACAAJ). Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. ISBN 978-1-62182-154-0.

## External links

- [Official website](https://www.lji.org/labs/crotty/)

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Shane Crotty](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shane_Crotty) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shane_Crotty?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.