# Shadirvan

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{{Short description|Fountain used for ablutions in a mosque}}
{{More citations needed|date=July 2021}}
{{About|fountains in mosque courtyards|the type of wall fountain by the same name|Salsabil (fountain)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}
[[File:Fountain Hagia Sophia 2007 002.jpg|thumb|A şadırvan for ritual ablutions in front of [Hagia Sophia](/source/Hagia_Sophia), Istanbul, Turkey]]
[[File:Po-i-Kalân Mosque 2.jpg|thumb|Shadırvan in [Po-i-Kalyan](/source/Po-i-Kalyan), Bukhara, Uzbekistan]]

A '''shadirvan''' ({{langx|fa|شادروان}}, {{langx|tr|şadırvan}}, {{langx|ar|شاذروان}}) is a type of [fountain](/source/fountain) that is usually built in the courtyard or near the entrance of mosques, [caravanserai](/source/caravanserai)s, [khanqah](/source/khanqah)s, and [madrasa](/source/madrasa)s, with the main purpose of providing water for drinking or [ritual ablutions](/source/wudu) to several people at the same time, but also as decorative visual or sound elements.{{Citation needed|date=July 2021}}

Shadirvans are [Persian](/source/Persian_architecture) in origin and, with a curtain or drape, were originally placed in the tents of rulers or on the balconies of palaces.<ref name=":0522">{{Cite book|last=Rabbat|first=Nasser|title=Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition|publisher=Brill|year=1960–2007|isbn=9789004161214|editor-last=Bearman|editor-first=P.|location=|pages=|chapter=|editor-last2=Bianquis|editor-first2=Th.|editor-last3=Bosworth|editor-first3=C.E.|editor-last4=van Donzel|editor-first4=E.|editor-last5=Heinrichs|editor-first5=W.P.}}</ref> They are a typical element of [Ottoman architecture](/source/Ottoman_architecture).<ref>{{Cite book|last=Sumner-Boyd|first=Hilary|title=Strolling Through Istanbul: The Classic Guide to the City|last2=Freely|first2=John|publisher=Tauris Parke Paperbacks|year=2010|isbn=|edition=Revised|location=|pages=}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Goodwin|first=Godfrey|title=A History of Ottoman Architecture|publisher=Thames & Hudson|year=1971|isbn=0500274290|location=New York|pages=}}</ref>{{Rp|459}}

==See also==
* [Cantharus](/source/Cantharus_(Christianity)), a similar fountain in Christian places of worship
* [Howz](/source/Howz)
* [Sebil or sabil](/source/Sebil_(fountain)), public water fountain in Islamic countries

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commonscat-inline|Şadırvans}}

{{Islamic architecture}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Fountains
Category:Islamic architectural elements
Category:Water and Islam

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Shadirvan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadirvan) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadirvan?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.