# Sesamoiditis

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> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Sesamoiditis.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesamoiditis
> Source revision: 1339424664
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2014}}
{{More citations needed|date=January 2015}}
{{Infobox medical condition (new)
| name            = Sesamoiditis
| synonyms        =
| image           = Sesamoid-skeletalfront.gif
| caption         = Sesamoid bones in the human foot
| pronounce       =
| field           = [Orthopedics](/source/Orthopedics)
| symptoms        =inflammation and pain on the bottom of feet
| complications   =
| onset           =
| duration        =
| types           =
| causes          =[inflammation](/source/inflammation) of the [sesamoid bone](/source/sesamoid_bone)s
| risks           =
| diagnosis       =
| differential    =
| prevention      =
| treatment       =
| medication      =
| prognosis       =
| frequency       =
| deaths          =
}}
'''Sesamoiditis''' is [inflammation](/source/inflammation) of the [sesamoid bone](/source/sesamoid_bone)s.

==Humans==
Sesamoiditis occurs on the bottom of the foot, just behind the [big toe](/source/big_toe). There are normally two sesamoid bones on each foot; sometimes sesamoids can be bipartite, which means they each comprise two separate pieces. The sesamoids are roughly the size of [jelly bean](/source/jelly_bean)s.  The sesamoid bones act as a fulcrum for the [flexor](/source/flexor) [tendon](/source/tendon)s, the tendons which bend the big toe downward.

Symptoms include inflammation and pain.

Sometimes a sesamoid bone is fractured. This can be difficult to pick up on [X-ray](/source/X-ray), so a [bone scan](/source/bone_scan) or [MRI](/source/MRI) is a better alternative.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ms700pduhpQC&q=Sesamoiditis+baseball&pg=PA353|title=Sports Medicine of Baseball|access-date=October 16, 2014|isbn=9781451153828|last1=Dines|first1=Joshua M.|last2=Altchek|first2=David W.|last3=Andrews|first3=James|last4=Elattrache|first4=Neal S.|last5=Wilk|first5=Kevin E.|last6=Yocum|first6=Lewis A.|author-link4=Neal ElAttrache|date=2012-09-26|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins }}</ref>

Among those who are susceptible to the malady are dancers, catchers and pitchers in baseball, soccer players, and American football players.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pBF2nt5wddcC&q=Sesamoiditis+baseball&pg=PA234|title=The Anatomy of Sports Injuries|access-date=October 16, 2014|isbn=9781556436666|last1=Walker|first1=Brad|year=2007|publisher=North Atlantic Books }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7_65DCRDPyQC&q=Sesamoiditis+baseball&pg=PA68|title=Tarascon Sports Medicine Pocketbook|access-date=October 16, 2014|isbn=9781449671907|last1=Rich|first1=Brent S.E|last2=Pratte|first2=Mitchell K.|date=2010-10-25|publisher=Jones & Bartlett Publishers }}</ref>

==Horses==
thumb|right|300px|Location of the sesamoid bones, behind the fetlock.
In the horse it occurs at the horse's [fetlock](/source/fetlock). The sesamoid bones lie behind the bones of the fetlock, at the back of the joint, and help to keep the tendons and [ligament](/source/ligament)s that run between them correctly functioning.

Usually [periostitis](/source/periostitis) (new bone growth) occurs along with sesamoiditis, and the [suspensory ligament](/source/suspensory_ligament) may also be affected. Sesamoiditis results in inflammation, pain, and eventually bone growth.

==Causes==

In humans, excessive forces caused by sudden bending upwards of the big toe, [high heels](/source/high_heels), or a stumble can contribute to sesamoiditis. Once the sesamoid bone is injured it can be very difficult to cure, because additional pressure is put on the sesamoid bone during walking.  
==Treatment==
Treatment in humans consists of [anti-inflammatory medication](/source/anti-inflammatory_medication), [cortisone](/source/cortisone) injections, strapping to immobilize the big toe, and [orthotics](/source/orthotics) with special accommodations to keep pressure off the affected bone.

In horses, sesamoiditis is generally caused by excess stress on the fetlock joint. Conformation that promotes sesamoiditis include long [pastern](/source/pastern)s, or horses with long toes and low heels.

==Notable cases==
* [Josh Zeid](/source/Josh_Zeid), major league baseball pitcher<ref>{{cite news|title=Astros P Zeid needs season-ending foot surgery|url=https://www.espn.com/espn/wire?section=mlb&id=11286767|access-date=July 31, 2014|agency=Associated Press|work=ESPN.com|date=July 30, 2014}}</ref>
* [Melvin Upton](/source/Melvin_Upton), major league baseball player <ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.braves.mlb.com/news/article/110643156/melvin-upton-jr-to-miss-rest-of-spring-training-with-inflammation-in-left-foot|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150301195432/http://m.braves.mlb.com/news/article/110643156/melvin-upton-jr-to-miss-rest-of-spring-training-with-inflammation-in-left-foot|url-status=dead|archive-date=March 1, 2015|title=Upton to miss rest of spring training with inflammation in left foot|work=MLB.com|access-date=February 27, 2015}}</ref>
* JJ O'Donnell, football player for [Gateshead FC](/source/Gateshead_FC)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2015/may/19/sunderland-danny-graham-fund-gateshead-jj-o-donnell-surgery|title=Sunderland's Danny Graham helps fund Gateshead player's foot surgery|work=theguardian.com|access-date=May 20, 2015|date=2015-05-19|agency=Press Association}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Medical resources
|  DiseasesDB     = 
|  ICD10          = {{ICD10|M|86|8|m|86}}
|  ICD9           = {{ICD9|733.99}}
|  ICDO           = 
|  OMIM           = 
|  MedlinePlus    = 
|  eMedicineSubj  = 
|  eMedicineTopic = 
|  MeshID         =
}}
{{Soft tissue disorders}}
{{Inflammation}}
{{Osteochondropathy}}

Category:Equine injury and lameness
Category:Disorders of fascia
Category:Inflammations
Category:Overuse injuries
Category:Pain

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Sesamoiditis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesamoiditis) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesamoiditis?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.