# Serinus

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Genus of birds

"Serin" redirects here. For other topics, see [Serin (disambiguation)](/source/Serin_(disambiguation)).

Serinus Male European serin (Serinus serinus) Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Aves Order: Passeriformes Family: Fringillidae Subfamily: Carduelinae Genus: Serinus Koch, 1816 Type species Serinus hortulanus Koch, 1816=Fringilus serinus Linnaeus, 1758 Species See text.

 A male Atlantic Canary in Parque Rural del Nublo, Gran Canaria, Spain.

***Serinus*** is a [genus](/source/Genus) of small birds in the [finch](/source/Finch) family Fringillidae found in [West Asia](/source/West_Asia), [Europe](/source/Europe) and [Africa](/source/Africa). The birds usually have some yellow in their plumage.

## Taxonomy

The genus *Serinus* was introduced in 1816 by the German naturalist [Carl Ludwig Koch](/source/Carl_Ludwig_Koch) to accommodate a single species, *Serinus hortulanus* Koch.[1][2] This is a [junior synonym](/source/Junior_synonym) of *Fringilus serinus* [Linnaeus](/source/Carl_Linnaeus), the [European serin](/source/European_serin) and becomes the [type species](/source/Type_species) by [monotypy](/source/Monotypy).[3][4] The genus name is [Neo-Latin](/source/Neo-Latin) for "canary-yellow".[5]

Many species were at one time assigned to the genus but it became clear from [phylogenetic](/source/Phylogenetic) studies of [mitochondrial](/source/Mitochondrial) and nuclear DNA sequences that the genus was [polyphyletic](/source/Polyphyletic).[6][7][8] This was confirmed by Dario Zuccon and coworkers in a comprehensive study of the finch family published in 2012. The authors suggested splitting the genus into two [monophyletic](/source/Monophyly) groups, a proposal that was accepted by the [International Ornithologists' Union](/source/International_Ornithologists'_Union). The genus *Serinus* was restricted to the [European serin](/source/European_serin) and seven other species while a larger [clade](/source/Clade) from Africa and Arabia was assigned to the resurrected genus *[Crithagra](/source/Crithagra)*.[9][10]

The genus contains eight species:[10]

Image Scientific name Common name Distribution Serinus pusillus Red-fronted serin Alpide belt from Anatolia to western Himalayas Serinus serinus European serin southern and central Europe and North Africa Serinus syriacus Syrian serin Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Saudi Arabia Serinus canaria Atlantic canary the Canary Islands, the Azores, and Madeira Serinus canicollis Cape canary southern Africa Serinus flavivertex Yellow-crowned canary eastern Africa and Angola Serinus nigriceps Ethiopian siskin Ethiopia Serinus alario Black-headed canary Lesotho, Namibia and South Africa

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** [Koch, Carl Ludwig](/source/Carl_Ludwig_Koch) (1816). [*System der baierischen Zoologie, Volume 1*](https://books.google.com/books?id=cLJYAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA228) (in German). Nürnberg. p. 228.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** Paynter, Raymond A. Jnr., ed. (1968). [*Check-list of birds of the world, Volume 14*](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14481409). Vol. 14. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 208.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** Paynter, Raymond A. Jnr., ed. (1968). [*Check-list of birds of the world, Volume 14*](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14481409). Vol. 14. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 208.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** [Dickinson, E.C.](/source/Edward_C._Dickinson); [Christidis, L.](/source/Leslie_Christidis), eds. (2014). [*The Howard & Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World*](https://www.avespress.com/uploads/downloads/278/file/HM4_2.pdf#page=388) (PDF). Vol. 2: Passerines (4th ed.). Eastbourne, UK: Aves Press. p. 334. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-9568611-2-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9568611-2-2).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-job_5-0)** Jobling, James A. (2010). [*The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names*](https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling). London, United Kingdom: Christopher Helm. p. [354](https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n354). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-4081-2501-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4081-2501-4).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** Arnaiz-Villena, A.; Alvarez-Tejado, M.; Ruiz-del-Valle, V.; García-de-la-Torre, C.; Varela, P.; Recio, M.; Ferre, S.; Martinez-Laso, J. (1999). "Rapid Radiation of Canaries (Genus *Serinus*)". *Molecular Biology and Evolution*. **16** (1): 2–11. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026034](https://doi.org/10.1093%2Foxfordjournals.molbev.a026034).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Ryan, P.G.; Wright, D.; Oatley, G.; Wakeling, J.; Cohen, C.; Nowell, T.L.; Bowie, R.C.K.; Ward, V.; Crowe, T.M. (2004). "Systematics of *Serinus* canaries and the status of Cape and Yellow-crowned Canaries inferred from mtDNA and morphology". *Ostrich*. **75** (4): 288–294. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2004Ostri..75..288R](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004Ostri..75..288R). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.2989/00306520409485457](https://doi.org/10.2989%2F00306520409485457). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [84396955](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:84396955).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Nguembock, B.; Fjeldså, J.; Couloux, A.; Pasquet, E. (2009). "Molecular phylogeny of Carduelinae (Aves, Passeriformes, Fringillidae) proves polyphyletic origin of the genera *Serinus* and *Carduelis* and suggests redefined generic limits". *Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution*. **51** (2): 169–181. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2009MolPE..51..169N](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009MolPE..51..169N). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/j.ympev.2008.10.022](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ympev.2008.10.022). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [19027082](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19027082).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** Zuccon, Dario; Prŷs-Jones, Robert; Rasmussen, Pamela C.; Ericson, Per G.P. (2012). ["The phylogenetic relationships and generic limits of finches (Fringillidae)"](https://web.archive.org/web/20180926130508/http://www.nrm.se/download/18.9ff3752132fdaeccb6800010935/Zuccon%20et%20al%202012.pdf) (PDF). *Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution*. **62** (2): 581–596. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2012MolPE..62..581Z](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012MolPE..62..581Z). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/j.ympev.2011.10.002](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ympev.2011.10.002). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [22023825](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22023825). Archived from [the original](http://www.nrm.se/download/18.9ff3752132fdaeccb6800010935/Zuccon%20et%20al%202012.pdf) (PDF) on 2018-09-26. Retrieved 2015-06-16.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-iou_10-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-iou_10-1) Gill, Frank; Donsker, David (eds.). ["Finches, euphonias"](http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/finches/). *World Bird List Version 5.2*. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 5 June 2015.

## External links

- [Serin videos, photos and sounds](http://ibc.lynxeds.com/family/finches-crossbills-allies-fringillidae) on the Internet Bird Collection

v t e Genera of finches, sparrows and tanagers Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Aves Suborder: Passeri Infraorder: Passerida Superfamily: Passeroidea Passeroidea Estrildidae Amandavinae Amadina Amandava Ortygospiza Erythrurinae Chloebia Erythrura Estrildinae Brunhilda Coccopygia Cryptospiza Delacourella Estrilda Glaucestrilda Mandingoa Nesocharis Nigrita Parmoptila Lagonostictinae Clytospiza Euschistospiza Granatina Hypargos Lagonosticta Pyrenestes Pytilia Spermophaga Uraeginthus Lonchurinae Euodice Lepidopygia Lonchura Mayrimunia Padda Spermestes Poephilinae Aidemosyne Bathilda Emblema Heteromunia Neochmia Oreostruthus Poephila Stagonopleura Stizoptera Taeniopygia Passeridae Carpospiza Gymnoris Hypocryptadius Montifringilla Onychostruthus Passer Petronia Pyrgilauda Ploceidae Amblyospiza Anaplectes Brachycope Bubalornis Dinemellia Euplectes Foudia Histurgops Malimbus Philetairus Plocepasser Ploceus Pseudonigrita Quelea Sporopipes Prunellidae Prunella Urocynchramidae Urocynchramus Viduidae Anomalospiza Vidua Nine-primaried oscines See below ↓ Nine-primaried oscines Fringillidae Carduelinae Acanthis Agraphospiza †Aidemedia †Akialoa Bucanetes Callacanthis Carduelis Carpodacus †Chloridops Chloris Chlorodrepanis Chrysocorythus †Ciridops Coccothraustes Crithagra Drepanis †Dysmorodrepanis Eophona Haemorhous Hemignathus Hesperiphona Himatione Leucosticte Linaria Linurgus Loxia Loxioides Loxops Magumma †Melamprosops Mycerobas Oreomystis †Orthiospiza Palmeria Paroreomyza Pinicola Procarduelis Pseudonestor †Psittirostra Pyrrhula Pyrrhoplectes †Rhodacanthis Rhodopechys Rhodospiza Rhynchostruthus Serinus Spinus Telespiza †Vangulifer †Viridonia †Xestospiza Euphoniinae Chlorophonia Euphonia Fringillinae Fringilla Motacillidae Anthus Dendronanthus Macronyx Motacilla Tmetothylacus Peucedramidae Peucedramus Emberizoidea See below ↓ Emberizoidea Calcariidae Calcarius Plectrophenax Rhynchophanes Calyptophilidae Calyptophilus Cardinalidae Amaurospiza Cardinalis Caryothraustes Chlorothraupis Cyanocompsa Cyanoloxia Granatellus Habia Passerina Periporphyrus Pheucticus Piranga Spiza Emberizidae Emberiza Icteridae See below ↓ Icteriidae Icteria Mitrospingidae Lamprospiza Mitrospingus Orthogonys Nesospingidae Nesospingus Parulidae Basileuterus Cardellina Catharopeza Geothlypis Helmitheros Leucopeza Leiothlypis Limnothlypis Mniotilta Myioborus Myiothlypis Oporornis Oreothlypis Parkesia Protonotaria Seiurus Setophaga Vermivora Passerellidae Aimophila Ammodramus Ammospiza Amphispiza Amphispizopsis Arremon Arremonops Artemisiospiza Atlapetes Calamospiza Centronyx Chlorospingus Chondestes Junco Melospiza Melozone Oreothraupis Oriturus Passerculus Passerella †Pedinorhis Peucaea Pezopetes Pipilo Pooecetes Rhynchospiza Spizella Spizelloides Torreornis Xenospiza Zonotrichia Phaenicophilidae Microligea Phaenicophilus Xenoligea Rhodinocichlidae Rhodinocichla Spindalidae Spindalis Teretistridae Teretistris Thraupidae See below ↓ Icteridae incertae sedis †Cremaster †Pandanaris †Pyelorhamphus Agelaiinae Agelaioides Agelaius Agelasticus Amblyramphus Anumara Chrysomus Curaeus Dives Euphagus Gnorimopsar Gymnomystax Hypopyrrhus Lampropsar Macroagelaius Molothrus Nesopsar Oreopsar Pseudoleistes Ptiloxena Quiscalus Xanthopsar Amblycercinae Amblycercus Cassicinae Cacicus Cassiculus Psarocolius Dolichonychinae Dolichonyx Icterinae Icterus Sturnellinae Leistes Sturnella Xanthocephalinae Xanthocephalus Thraupidae Catamblyrhynchinae Catamblyrhynchus Charitospizinae Charitospiza Parkerthraustes Coerebinae Asemospiza Camarhynchus Certhidea Coereba Euneornis Geospiza Loxigilla Loxipasser Melanospiza Melopyrrha Phonipara Pinaroloxias Platyspiza Tiaris Dacninae Cyanerpes Dacnis Tersina Diglossinae Acanthidops Catamenia Conirostrum Diglossa Geospizopsis Haplospiza Idiopsar Melanodera Nesospiza Phrygilus Rowettia Sicalis Xenodacnis Emberizoidinae Coryphaspiza Emberizoides Embernagra Hemithraupinae Chrysothlypis Chlorophanes Hemithraupis Heterospingus Iridophanes Nemosiinae Compsothraupis Cyanicterus Nemosia Sericossypha Orchesticinae Orchesticus Poospizinae Castanozoster Cnemoscopus Cypsnagra Donacospiza Kleinothraupis Microspingus Nephelornis Piezorina Poospiza Poospizopsis Pseudospingus Sphenopsis Thlypopsis Urothraupis Xenospingus Porphyrospizinae Incaspiza Rhopospina Saltatorinae Saltator Saltatricula Sporophilinae Sporophila Tachyphoninae Conothraupis Coryphospingus Creurgops Eucometis Heliothraupis Lanio Loriotus Ramphocelus Rhodospingus Tachyphonus Trichothraupis Volatinia Thraupinae Anisognathus Bangsia Buthraupis Calochaetes Chalcothraupis Chlorochrysa Chlorornis Cissopis Cnemathraupis Diuca Dubusia Iridosornis Ixothraupis Lophospingus Neothraupis Paroaria Pipraeidea Poecilostreptus Pseudosaltator Rauenia Schistochlamys Sporathraupis Stephanophorus Stilpnia Tangara Tephrophilus Thraupis Wetmorethraupis

Taxon identifiers Serinus Wikidata: Q827170 Wikispecies: Serinus BOLD: 101150 CoL: 644MX EoL: 45510349 EPPO: 1SERNG Fauna Europaea (new): c6bbd1fd-6d96-4e13-bc8d-19d4a8c525ca GBIF: 8215044 iNaturalist: 9227 ITIS: 179557 NBN: NHMSYS0000530598 NCBI: 9134 NZOR: 21ba490f-a2fc-4d69-9c1d-ac562105e02f Open Tree of Life: 598877 Paleobiology Database: 369324

Authority control databases National Czech Republic Other Yale LUX

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Serinus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serinus) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serinus?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.