# September 3

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September 3 in recent years 2025 (Wednesday) 2024 (Tuesday) 2023 (Sunday) 2022 (Saturday) 2021 (Friday) 2020 (Thursday) 2019 (Tuesday) 2018 (Monday) 2017 (Sunday) 2016 (Saturday)

Day of the year

**September 3** is the 246th day of the year (247th in [leap years](/source/Leap_year)) in the [Gregorian calendar](/source/Gregorian_calendar); 119 days remain until the end of the year.

## Events

### Pre-1600

- [36 BC](/source/36_BC) – In the [Battle of Naulochus](/source/Battle_of_Naulochus), [Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa](/source/Marcus_Vipsanius_Agrippa), [admiral](/source/Admiral) of [Octavian](/source/Caesar_Augustus), defeats [Sextus Pompey](/source/Sextus_Pompey), son of [Pompey](/source/Pompey), thus ending Pompeian resistance to the [Second Triumvirate](/source/Second_Triumvirate).

- [301](/source/301) – [San Marino](/source/San_Marino), one of the [smallest nations in the world](/source/List_of_countries_by_area) and the world's oldest [republic](/source/Republic) still in existence, is founded by [Saint Marinus](/source/Saint_Marinus).

- [590](/source/590) – Consecration of [Pope Gregory I](/source/Pope_Gregory_I) (Gregory the Great).

- [673](/source/673) – King [Wamba](/source/Wamba_(king)) of the [Visigoths](/source/Visigoths) puts down a revolt by [Hilderic](/source/Hilderic_of_N%C3%AEmes), governor of [Nîmes](/source/N%C3%AEmes) (France) and rival for the throne.

- [863](/source/863) – Major [Byzantine](/source/Byzantine_Empire) victory at the [Battle of Lalakaon](/source/Battle_of_Lalakaon) against an Arab raid.

- [1189](/source/1189) – [Richard I of England](/source/Richard_I_of_England) (a.k.a. Richard "the Lionheart") is crowned at [Westminster](/source/Westminster_Abbey).[1]

- [1260](/source/1260) – The [Mamluks](/source/Mamluk) defeat the [Mongols](/source/Mongols) at the [Battle of Ain Jalut](/source/Battle_of_Ain_Jalut) in [Palestine](/source/Palestine_(region)), marking their first decisive defeat and the point of maximum expansion of the [Mongol Empire](/source/Mongol_Empire).

- [1335](/source/1335) – At the congress of Visegrád [Charles I of Hungary](/source/Charles_I_of_Hungary) mediates a reconciliation between two neighboring monarchs, [John of Bohemia](/source/John_of_Bohemia) and [Casimir III of Poland](/source/Casimir_III_of_Poland).[2]

- [1411](/source/1411) – The [Treaty of Selymbria](/source/Treaty_of_Selymbria) is concluded between the [Ottoman Empire](/source/Ottoman_Empire) and the [Republic of Venice](/source/Republic_of_Venice).

### 1601–1900

- [1650](/source/1650) – Victory over the royalists in the [Battle of Dunbar](/source/Battle_of_Dunbar_(1650)) opens the way to Edinburgh for the New Model Army in the Third English Civil War.[3]

- [1651](/source/1651) – The [Battle of Worcester](/source/Battle_of_Worcester) is the last significant action in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms.

- [1658](/source/1658) – The death of [Oliver Cromwell](/source/Oliver_Cromwell); [Richard Cromwell](/source/Richard_Cromwell) becomes [Lord Protector](/source/Lord_Protector) of England.

- [1666](/source/1666) – The [Royal Exchange](/source/Royal_Exchange%2C_London) burns down in the [Great Fire of London](/source/Great_Fire_of_London).

- [1777](/source/1777) – [American Revolutionary War](/source/American_Revolutionary_War): During the [Battle of Cooch's Bridge](/source/Battle_of_Cooch's_Bridge), the [Flag of the United States](/source/Flag_of_the_United_States) is flown in battle for the first time.

- [1783](/source/1783) – American Revolutionary War: The war ends with the signing of the [Treaty of Paris](/source/Treaty_of_Paris_(1783)) by the United States and the [Kingdom of Great Britain](/source/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain).[4]

- [1798](/source/1798) – The week long battle of [St. George's Caye](/source/Battle_of_St._George's_Caye) begins between Spain and [Britain](/source/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain) off the coast of [Belize](/source/Belize).

- [1812](/source/1812) – Twenty-four settlers are killed in the [Pigeon Roost Massacre](/source/Pigeon_Roost_State_Historic_Site#Pigeon_Roost_Massacre) in [Indiana](/source/Indiana).

- [1838](/source/1838) – Future [abolitionist](/source/Abolitionism_in_the_United_States) [Frederick Douglass](/source/Frederick_Douglass) escapes from [slavery](/source/Slavery).

- [1843](/source/1843) – [King Otto of Greece](/source/Otto_of_Greece) is forced to grant a [constitution](/source/Greek_Constitution_of_1844) following an [uprising](/source/3_September_1843_Revolution) in Athens.

- [1855](/source/1855) – [American Indian Wars](/source/American_Indian_Wars): In [Nebraska](/source/Nebraska), 700 soldiers under United States General [William S. Harney](/source/William_S._Harney) avenge the [Grattan massacre](/source/Grattan_massacre) by attacking a [Sioux](/source/Sioux) village and killing 100 men, women and children.

- [1861](/source/1861) – [American Civil War](/source/American_Civil_War): [Confederate](/source/Confederate_States_of_America) General [Leonidas Polk](/source/Leonidas_Polk) invades neutral [Kentucky](/source/Kentucky_in_the_American_Civil_War), prompting the state legislature to ask for [Union](/source/Union_(American_Civil_War)) assistance.

- [1870](/source/1870) – [Franco-Prussian War](/source/Franco-Prussian_War): The [Siege of Metz](/source/Siege_of_Metz_(1870)) begins, resulting in a decisive [Prussian](/source/Kingdom_of_Prussia) victory on October 23.

- [1875](/source/1875) – The first official game of [polo](/source/Polo) is played in [Argentina](/source/Argentina) after being introduced by British ranchers.

- [1878](/source/1878) – Over 640 die when the crowded pleasure boat [*Princess Alice*](/source/Sinking_of_SS_Princess_Alice) collides with the [*Bywell Castle*](/source/SS_Bywell_Castle) in the [River Thames](/source/River_Thames).

- [1879](/source/1879) – [Siege of the British Residency in Kabul](/source/Siege_of_the_British_Residency_in_Kabul): British envoy Sir [Louis Cavagnari](/source/Pierre_Louis_Napoleon_Cavagnari) and 72 men of the [Guides](/source/Corps_of_Guides_(India)) are massacred by Afghan troops while defending the British Residency in [Kabul](/source/Kabul). Their heroism and loyalty became famous and revered throughout the [British Empire](/source/British_Empire).

- [1895](/source/1895) – [John Brallier](/source/John_Brallier) becomes the first openly paid professional [American football](/source/American_football) player, when he was paid US$10 by [David Berry](/source/Dave_Berry_(American_football)), to play for the [Latrobe Athletic Association](/source/Latrobe_Athletic_Association) in a 12–0 win over the [Jeanette Athletic Association](/source/Jeanette_Athletic_Association).

### 1901–present

- [1911](/source/1911) – A fire that started on [Fraser's Million Dollar Pier](/source/Fraser's_Million_Dollar_Pier) destroys six to eight square blocks of [Ocean Park, California](/source/Ocean_Park%2C_Santa_Monica).[5]

- [1914](/source/1914) – [Wilhelm, Prince of Albania](/source/Wilhelm%2C_Prince_of_Albania) leaves the country after just six months due to opposition to his rule.

- 1914 – French composer [Albéric Magnard](/source/Alb%C3%A9ric_Magnard) is killed defending his estate against invading German soldiers.[6]

- 1914 – [World War I](/source/World_War_I): Start of the [Battle of Grand Couronné](/source/Battle_of_Grand_Couronn%C3%A9), a German assault against French positions on high ground near the city of [Nancy](/source/Nancy%2C_France).

- [1916](/source/1916) – World War I: [Leefe Robinson](/source/Leefe_Robinson) destroys the German [airship](/source/Airship) [Schütte-Lanz SL 11](/source/Sch%C3%BCtte-Lanz_SL_11) over [Cuffley](/source/Cuffley), north of London; the first German airship to be shot down on British soil.

- [1925](/source/1925) – [USS *Shenandoah*](/source/USS_Shenandoah_(ZR-1)), the United States' first American-built rigid airship, was destroyed in a [squall line](/source/Squall_line) over [Noble County, Ohio](/source/Noble_County%2C_Ohio). Fourteen of her 42-man crew perished, including her commander, [Zachary Lansdowne](/source/Zachary_Lansdowne).

- [1933](/source/1933) – [Yevgeniy Abalakov](/source/Yevgeniy_Abalakov) is the first man to reach the highest point in the [Soviet Union](/source/Soviet_Union), Communism Peak (now called [Ismoil Somoni Peak](/source/Ismoil_Somoni_Peak) and situated in [Tajikistan](/source/Tajikistan)) (7495 m).

- [1935](/source/1935) – Sir [Malcolm Campbell](/source/Malcolm_Campbell) reaches a speed of 304.331 miles per hour on the [Bonneville Salt Flats](/source/Bonneville_Salt_Flats) in [Utah](/source/Utah), becoming the first person to drive an [automobile](/source/Automobile) over 300 mph.

- [1939](/source/1939) – [World War II](/source/World_War_II): France, the United Kingdom, New Zealand and Australia declare war on Germany after the invasion of Poland, forming the Allied nations. The Viceroy of India also [declares war](/source/India_in_World_War_II), but without consulting the provincial legislatures.

- 1939 – World War II: The United Kingdom and France begin a [naval blockade of Germany](/source/Blockade_of_Germany_(1939%E2%80%9345)) that lasts until the end of the war. This also marks the beginning of the [Battle of the Atlantic](/source/Battle_of_the_Atlantic).

- [1941](/source/1941) – [The Holocaust](/source/The_Holocaust): [Karl Fritzsch](/source/Karl_Fritzsch), deputy camp commandant of the [Auschwitz concentration camp](/source/Auschwitz_concentration_camp), experiments with the use of [Zyklon B](/source/Zyklon_B) in the gassing of Soviet POWs.

- [1942](/source/1942) – World War II: In response to news of its coming liquidation, [Dov Lopatyn](/source/Dov_Lopatyn) leads an uprising in the [Ghetto](/source/%C5%81achwa_Ghetto#Uprising_and_massacre) of [Lakhva](/source/Lakhva) (present-day [Belarus](/source/Belarus)).

- [1943](/source/1943) – World War II: British and Canadian troops [land on the Italian mainland](/source/Operation_Baytown). On the same day, Walter Bedell Smith and Giuseppe Castellano sign the [Armistice of Cassibile](/source/Armistice_of_Cassibile), although it is not announced for another five days.

- [1944](/source/1944) – Holocaust: [Diarist](/source/Diarist) [Anne Frank](/source/Anne_Frank) and her family are placed on the last transport train from the [Westerbork transit camp](/source/Westerbork_transit_camp) to the [Auschwitz concentration camp](/source/Auschwitz_concentration_camp), arriving three days later.

- [1945](/source/1945) – A three-day celebration begins in China, following the [Victory over Japan Day](/source/Victory_over_Japan_Day#China) on September 2.

- [1950](/source/1950) – ["Nino" Farina](/source/Giuseppe_Farina) becomes the first [Formula One Drivers' champion](/source/List_of_Formula_One_World_Drivers'_Champions) after winning the [1950 Italian Grand Prix](/source/1950_Italian_Grand_Prix).

- [1954](/source/1954) – The [People's Liberation Army](/source/People's_Liberation_Army) begins shelling the [Republic of China](/source/Republic_of_China)-controlled islands of [Quemoy](/source/Quemoy), starting the [First Taiwan Strait Crisis](/source/First_Taiwan_Strait_Crisis).

- [1967](/source/1967) – [Dagen H](/source/Dagen_H) in Sweden: Traffic changes from driving on the left to driving on the right overnight.

- [1971](/source/1971) – [Qatar](/source/Qatar) becomes an independent state.

- [1976](/source/1976) – [Viking program](/source/Viking_program): The American *[Viking 2](/source/Viking_2)* spacecraft lands at [Utopia Planitia](/source/Utopia_Planitia) on [Mars](/source/Mars).

- [1978](/source/1978) – During the [Rhodesian Bush War](/source/Rhodesian_Bush_War) a group of [ZIPRA](/source/Zimbabwe_People's_Revolutionary_Army) guerrillas shot down civilian [Vickers Viscount](/source/Vickers_Viscount) aircraft ([Air Rhodesia Flight 825](/source/Air_Rhodesia_Flight_825)) with a Soviet-made [SAM Strela-2](/source/9K32_Strela-2); of 56 passengers and crew 38 people died in crash, 10 were massacred by the guerrillas at the site.[7][8]

- [1981](/source/1981) – The [Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women](/source/Convention_on_the_Elimination_of_All_Forms_of_Discrimination_Against_Women), an international [bill of rights](/source/Bill_of_rights) for women, is instituted by the [United Nations](/source/United_Nations).[9]

- [1987](/source/1987) – In a [coup d'état in Burundi](/source/1987_Burundian_coup_d'%C3%A9tat), President [Jean-Baptiste Bagaza](/source/Jean-Baptiste_Bagaza) is deposed by Major [Pierre Buyoya](/source/Pierre_Buyoya).

- [1989](/source/1989) – [Cubana de Aviación Flight 9046](/source/Cubana_de_Aviaci%C3%B3n_Flight_9046) crashes into a residential area of [Havana](/source/Havana) shortly after takeoff from [José Martí International Airport](/source/Jos%C3%A9_Mart%C3%AD_International_Airport), killing 150.[10]

- 1989 – [Varig Flight 254](/source/Varig_Flight_254) crashes in the [Amazon rainforest](/source/Amazon_rainforest) near [São José do Xingu](/source/S%C3%A3o_Jos%C3%A9_do_Xingu) in Brazil, killing 12.[11]

- [1997](/source/1997) – [Vietnam Airlines](/source/Vietnam_Airlines) [Flight 815](/source/Vietnam_Airlines_Flight_815) ([Tupolev Tu-134](/source/Tupolev_Tu-134)) crashes on approach into [Phnom Penh](/source/Phnom_Penh) airport, killing 64.

- [2001](/source/2001) – In [Belfast](/source/Belfast), Protestant [loyalists](/source/Ulster_loyalism) begin a [picket of Holy Cross](/source/Holy_Cross_dispute), a Catholic [primary school](/source/Primary_school) for girls.

- [2004](/source/2004) – [Beslan school siege](/source/Beslan_school_siege) results in over 330 fatalities, including 186 children.

- [2010](/source/2010) – After taking off from [Dubai International Airport](/source/Dubai_International_Airport), [UPS Airlines Flight 6](/source/UPS_Airlines_Flight_6) develops an in-flight fire in the cargo hold and crashes near [Nad Al Sheba](/source/Nad_Al_Sheba), killing both crew members on board.[12]

- [2016](/source/2016) – The U.S. and [China](/source/China), together responsible for [40% of the world's carbon emissions](/source/List_of_countries_by_greenhouse_gas_emissions), both formally ratify the [Paris global climate agreement](/source/Paris_Agreement).

- [2017](/source/2017) – [North Korea](/source/North_Korea) conducts its sixth and most powerful [nuclear test](/source/2017_North_Korean_nuclear_test).

## Births

### Pre-1600

- [1034](/source/1034) – [Emperor Go-Sanjō](/source/Emperor_Go-Sanj%C5%8D) of Japan (died 1073)

- [1568](/source/1568) – [Adriano Banchieri](/source/Adriano_Banchieri), Italian organist and composer (died 1634)

### 1601–1900

- [1675](/source/1675) – [Paul Dudley](/source/Paul_Dudley_(jurist)), American lawyer and jurist (died 1751)

- [1693](/source/1693) – [Charles Radclyffe](/source/Charles_Radclyffe), English captain and politician (died 1746)

- [1695](/source/1695) – [Pietro Antonio Locatelli](/source/Pietro_Locatelli), Italian violin player and composer (died 1764)

- [1704](/source/1704) – [Joseph de Jussieu](/source/Joseph_de_Jussieu), French explorer, geographer, and mathematician, (died 1779)

- [1710](/source/1710) – [Abraham Trembley](/source/Abraham_Trembley), Swiss biologist and zoologist (died 1784)[13]

- [1724](/source/1724) – [Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester](/source/Guy_Carleton%2C_1st_Baron_Dorchester), Irish-English general and politician, 21st [Governor General of Canada](/source/List_of_Governors_General_of_Canada) (died 1808)

- [1781](/source/1781) – [Eugène de Beauharnais](/source/Eug%C3%A8ne_de_Beauharnais), French general and politician (died 1824)

- [1803](/source/1803) – [Prudence Crandall](/source/Prudence_Crandall), American educator (died 1890)[14]

- [1810](/source/1810) – [Paul Kane](/source/Paul_Kane), Irish-Canadian painter (died 1871)

- [1811](/source/1811) – [John Humphrey Noyes](/source/John_Humphrey_Noyes), American activist, founded the [Oneida Community](/source/Oneida_Community) (died 1886)

- [1814](/source/1814) – [James Joseph Sylvester](/source/James_Joseph_Sylvester), English mathematician and academic (died 1897)

- [1820](/source/1820) – [George Hearst](/source/George_Hearst), American businessman and politician (died 1891)

- [1840](/source/1840) – [Jacob Christian Fabricius](/source/Jacob_Christian_Fabricius), Danish composer (died 1919)

- [1841](/source/1841) – [Tom Emmett](/source/Tom_Emmett), English cricketer (died 1904)

- [1849](/source/1849) – [Sarah Orne Jewett](/source/Sarah_Orne_Jewett), American novelist, short story writer and poet (died 1909)[15]

- [1851](/source/1851) – [Olga Constantinovna of Russia](/source/Olga_Constantinovna_of_Russia), Queen consort of the Hellenes (died 1926)[16]

- [1854](/source/1854) – [Charles Tatham](/source/Charles_Tatham_(fencer)), American fencer (died 1939)

- [1856](/source/1856) – [Louis Sullivan](/source/Louis_Sullivan), American architect and educator, designed the [Carson, Pirie, Scott and Company Building](/source/Carson%2C_Pirie%2C_Scott_and_Company_Building) (died 1924)

- [1869](/source/1869) – [Fritz Pregl](/source/Fritz_Pregl), Slovenian chemist and physician, [Nobel Prize](/source/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry) laureate (died 1930)

- [1875](/source/1875) – [Ferdinand Porsche](/source/Ferdinand_Porsche), Austrian-German engineer and businessman, founded [Porsche](/source/Porsche) (died 1951)

- [1878](/source/1878) – [Dorothea Douglass Lambert Chambers](/source/Dorothea_Douglass_Lambert_Chambers), English tennis player (died 1960)

- [1882](/source/1882) – [Johnny Douglas](/source/Johnny_Douglas), English cricketer and boxer (died 1930)

- [1887](/source/1887) – [Frank Christian](/source/Frank_Christian_(trumpeter)), American trumpet player (died 1973)

- [1897](/source/1897) – [Sally Benson](/source/Sally_Benson), American author and screenwriter (died 1972)

- [1899](/source/1899) – [Frank Macfarlane Burnet](/source/Frank_Macfarlane_Burnet), Australian virologist and academic, [Nobel Prize](/source/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine) laureate (died 1985)

- [1900](/source/1900) – [Percy Chapman](/source/Percy_Chapman), English cricketer (died 1961)

- 1900 – [Urho Kekkonen](/source/Urho_Kekkonen), Finnish journalist, lawyer, and politician, 8th [President of Finland](/source/President_of_Finland) (died 1986)

### 1901–present

- [1901](/source/1901) – [Eduard van Beinum](/source/Eduard_van_Beinum), Dutch violinist, pianist, and conductor (died 1959)

- [1905](/source/1905) – [Carl David Anderson](/source/Carl_David_Anderson), American physicist and academic, [Nobel Prize](/source/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics) laureate (died 1991)

- 1905 – [John Mills](/source/John_Mills_(cricketer%2C_born_1905)), New Zealand cricketer (died 1972)

- [1907](/source/1907) – [Loren Eiseley](/source/Loren_Eiseley), American anthropologist, philosopher, and author (died 1977)

- [1908](/source/1908) – [Lev Pontryagin](/source/Lev_Pontryagin), Russian mathematician and academic (died 1988)

- [1910](/source/1910) – [Kitty Carlisle](/source/Kitty_Carlisle), American actress, singer, socialite, and game show panelist (died 2007)

- 1910 – [Franz Jáchym](/source/Franz_J%C3%A1chym), Austrian Roman Catholic archbishop (died 1984)

- 1910 – [Maurice Papon](/source/Maurice_Papon), French civil servant and convicted war criminal[17] (died 2007)

- [1911](/source/1911) – [Bernard Mammes](/source/Bernard_Mammes), American cyclist and sergeant (died 2000)

- [1913](/source/1913) – [Alan Ladd](/source/Alan_Ladd), American actor and producer (died 1964)

- [1914](/source/1914) – [Dixy Lee Ray](/source/Dixy_Lee_Ray), American biologist and politician, 17th [Governor of Washington](/source/Governor_of_Washington) (died 1994)[18]

- [1915](/source/1915) – [Knut Nystedt](/source/Knut_Nystedt), Norwegian organist and composer (died 2014)

- 1915 – [Memphis Slim](/source/Memphis_Slim), American singer-songwriter and pianist (died 1988)

- [1916](/source/1916) – [Eddie Stanky](/source/Eddie_Stanky), American baseball player, coach, and manager (died 1999)

- [1918](/source/1918) – [Helen Wagner](/source/Helen_Wagner), American actress (died 2010)

- [1919](/source/1919) – [Phil Stern](/source/Phil_Stern), American soldier and photographer (died 2014)

- [1920](/source/1920) – [Tereska Torrès](/source/Tereska_Torr%C3%A8s), French soldier and author (died 2012)

- [1921](/source/1921) – [John Aston Sr.](/source/John_Aston_Sr.), English footballer (died 2003)

- 1921 – [Thurston Dart](/source/Thurston_Dart), English pianist, conductor, and musicologist (died 1971)

- 1921 – [Marguerite Higgins](/source/Marguerite_Higgins), American journalist and author (died 1966)

- [1923](/source/1923) – [Glen Bell](/source/Glen_Bell), American businessman, founded [Taco Bell](/source/Taco_Bell) (died 2010)

- 1923 – [Alice Gibson](/source/Alice_Gibson), Belizean chief librarian and educator[19] (died 2021)

- 1923 – [Fred Hawkins](/source/Fred_Hawkins_(golfer)), American golfer (died 2014)

- 1923 – [Mort Walker](/source/Mort_Walker), American cartoonist (died 2018)[20]

- [1924](/source/1924) – [Mary Grace Canfield](/source/Mary_Grace_Canfield), American actress (died 2014)

- [1925](/source/1925) – [Anne Jackson](/source/Anne_Jackson), American actress (died 2016)

- 1925 – [Bengt Lindström](/source/Bengt_Lindstr%C3%B6m), Swedish painter and sculptor (died 2008)

- 1925 – [Hank Thompson](/source/Hank_Thompson_(musician)), American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2007)

- [1926](/source/1926) – [Alison Lurie](/source/Alison_Lurie), American author and academic (died 2020)

- 1926 – [Irene Papas](/source/Irene_Papas), Greek actress (died 2022)[20]

- 1926 – [Uttam Kumar](/source/Uttam_Kumar), Indian Bengali actor, director, producer, singer, composer and playback singer (died 1980)

- [1928](/source/1928) – [Gaston Thorn](/source/Gaston_Thorn), Luxembourg lawyer and politician, 8th [Prime Minister of Luxembourg](/source/List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_Luxembourg) (died 2007)

- [1929](/source/1929) – [Whitey Bulger](/source/Whitey_Bulger), American organized crime boss (died 2018)[20]

- 1929 – [Carlo Clerici](/source/Carlo_Clerici), Swiss cyclist (died 2007)

- 1929 – [Steve Rickard](/source/Steve_Rickard), New Zealand-Australian wrestler, trainer, and promoter (died 2015)

- 1929 – [Armand Vaillancourt](/source/Armand_Vaillancourt), Canadian sculptor and painter

- [1930](/source/1930) – [Cherry Wilder](/source/Cherry_Wilder), New Zealand author and poet (died 2002)

- [1931](/source/1931) – [Albert DeSalvo](/source/Albert_DeSalvo), American serial killer known as the [Boston Strangler](/source/Boston_Strangler) (died 1973)[20]

- 1931 – [Dick Motta](/source/Dick_Motta), American basketball player and coach

- 1931 – [Guy Spitaels](/source/Guy_Spitaels), Belgian academic and politician, 7th [Minister-President of Wallonia](/source/Minister-President_of_Wallonia) (died 2012)

- [1932](/source/1932) – [Eileen Brennan](/source/Eileen_Brennan), American actress and singer (died 2013)[20]

- [1933](/source/1933) – [Basil Butcher](/source/Basil_Butcher), Guyanese cricketer (died 2019)

- 1933 – [Tompall Glaser](/source/Tompall_Glaser), American singer-songwriter (died 2013)

- [1934](/source/1934) – [Freddie King](/source/Freddie_King), American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1976)

- [1935](/source/1935) – [Helmut Clasen](/source/Helmut_Clasen), German-Canadian motorcycle racer

- [1936](/source/1936) – [Zine El Abidine Ben Ali](/source/Zine_El_Abidine_Ben_Ali), Tunisian soldier and politician, 2nd [President of Tunisia](/source/President_of_Tunisia) (died 2019)

- 1936 – [Pilar Pallete](/source/Pilar_Pallete), Peruvian-American actress

- [1938](/source/1938) – [Liliane Ackermann](/source/Liliane_Ackermann), French microbiologist, community leader, writer, and lecturer (died 2007)

- 1938 – [Sarah Bradford](/source/Sarah_Bradford), English historian and author

- 1938 – [Caryl Churchill](/source/Caryl_Churchill), English-Canadian playwright

- 1938 – [Richard MacCormac](/source/Richard_MacCormac), English architect, founded [MJP Architects](/source/MJP_Architects) (died 2014)

- 1938 – [Ryōji Noyori](/source/Ry%C5%8Dji_Noyori), Japanese chemist and academic, [Nobel Prize](/source/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry) laureate

- [1940](/source/1940) – [Frank Duffy](/source/Frank_Duffy_(architect)), English architect

- 1940 – [Pauline Collins](/source/Pauline_Collins), English actress (died 2025)[21]

- 1940 – [Eduardo Galeano](/source/Eduardo_Galeano), Uruguayan journalist and author (died 2015)

- 1940 – [Brian Lochore](/source/Brian_Lochore), New Zealand rugby player and coach (died 2019)

- [1941](/source/1941) – [Sergei Dovlatov](/source/Sergei_Dovlatov), Russian-American journalist and author (died 1990)

- [1942](/source/1942) – [Al Jardine](/source/Al_Jardine), American singer-songwriter and guitarist[21]

- [1943](/source/1943) – [Valerie Perrine](/source/Valerie_Perrine), American model and actress (died 2026)[22][21]

- [1944](/source/1944) – [Geoff Arnold](/source/Geoff_Arnold), English cricketer and coach

- 1944 – [Ray Groom](/source/Ray_Groom), Australian footballer, lawyer, and politician, 39th [Premier of Tasmania](/source/Premier_of_Tasmania)

- [1945](/source/1945) – [George Biondo](/source/George_Biondo), American bass player and songwriter

- 1945 – [Peter Goddard](/source/Peter_Goddard_(physicist)), English physicist and mathematician

- 1945 – [Martha Saxton](/source/Martha_Saxton), American Historian (died 2023)[23]

- [1947](/source/1947) – [Kjell Magne Bondevik](/source/Kjell_Magne_Bondevik), Norwegian minister and politician, 26th [Prime Minister of Norway](/source/List_of_heads_of_government_of_Norway)

- 1947 – [Michael Connarty](/source/Michael_Connarty), Scottish educator and politician

- 1947 – [Mario Draghi](/source/Mario_Draghi), Italian banker and economist

- 1947 – [Gérard Houllier](/source/G%C3%A9rard_Houllier), French footballer and coach (died 2020)

- 1947 – [Susan Milan](/source/Susan_Milan), English flute player and composer

- [1948](/source/1948) – [Don Brewer](/source/Don_Brewer), American drummer and singer-songwriter[21]

- 1948 – [Lyudmila Karachkina](/source/Lyudmila_Karachkina), Ukrainian astronomer

- 1948 – [Fotis Kouvelis](/source/Fotis_Kouvelis), Greek lawyer and politician, [Greek Minister of Justice](/source/Ministry_of_Justice%2C_Transparency_and_Human_Rights_(Greece))

- 1948 – [Levy Mwanawasa](/source/Levy_Mwanawasa), Zambian lawyer and politician, 3rd [President of Zambia](/source/President_of_Zambia) (died 2008)

- [1949](/source/1949) – [José Pékerman](/source/Jos%C3%A9_P%C3%A9kerman), Argentine footballer, coach, and manager

- 1949 – [Patriarch Peter VII of Alexandria](/source/Patriarch_Peter_VII_of_Alexandria) (died 2004)

- [1950](/source/1950) – [Doug Pinnick](/source/Doug_Pinnick), American rock singer-songwriter and bass player

- [1951](/source/1951) – [Denys Hobson](/source/Denys_Hobson), South African cricketer

- 1951 – [D. Rolland Jennings](/source/D._Rolland_Jennings), American politician[24]

- [1952](/source/1952) – [Shakti Kapoor](/source/Shakti_Kapoor), Indian actor

- [1953](/source/1953) – [Jean-Pierre Jeunet](/source/Jean-Pierre_Jeunet), French director, producer, and screenwriter

- 1953 – [George Peponis](/source/George_Peponis), Greek-Australian rugby league player and physician

- [1954](/source/1954) – [Jaak Uudmäe](/source/Jaak_Uudm%C3%A4e), Estonian triple jumper and coach

- [1955](/source/1955) – [Steve Jones](/source/Steve_Jones_(musician)), English singer-songwriter and guitarist[21]

- [1956](/source/1956) – [Jishu Dasgupta](/source/Jishu_Dasgupta), Indian actor and director (died 2012)

- 1956 – [Pat McGeown](/source/Pat_McGeown), Irish republican activist (died 1996)

- 1956 – [Stephen Woolley](/source/Stephen_Woolley), English director and producer

- [1957](/source/1957) – [Garth Ancier](/source/Garth_Ancier), American businessman

- 1957 – [Earl Cureton](/source/Earl_Cureton), American basketball player and coach (died 2024)

- 1957 – [Steve Schirripa](/source/Steve_Schirripa), American actor and producer[21]

- 1957 – [Sadhguru](/source/Sadhguru), Indian yogi, mystic

- 1957 – [Ivan Šramko](/source/Ivan_%C5%A0ramko), Governor of the [National Bank of Slovakia](/source/National_Bank_of_Slovakia)[25]

- [1960](/source/1960) – [Nick Gibb](/source/Nick_Gibb), English accountant and politician

- [1961](/source/1961) – [Andy Griffiths](/source/Andy_Griffiths_(author)), Australian author

- [1962](/source/1962) – [David De Roure](/source/David_De_Roure), English computer scientist and academic

- [1963](/source/1963) – [Sam Adams](/source/Sam_Adams_(Oregon_politician)), American politician, 51st [Mayor of Portland](/source/List_of_mayors_of_Portland%2C_Oregon)

- 1963 – [Mubarak Ghanim](/source/Mubarak_Ghanim), Emirati footballer

- 1963 – [Malcolm Gladwell](/source/Malcolm_Gladwell), Canadian journalist, essayist, and critic

- [1964](/source/1964) – [Adam Curry](/source/Adam_Curry), American-Dutch businessman and television host, co-founded [mevio](/source/Mevio)

- 1964 – [Spike Feresten](/source/Spike_Feresten), American screenwriter and producer

- 1964 – [Junaid Jamshed](/source/Junaid_Jamshed), Pakistani singer-songwriter, guitarist and [naat khawan](/source/Na%CA%BDat) (died 2016)

- 1964 – [Holt McCallany](/source/Holt_McCallany), American actor[21]

- [1965](/source/1965) – [Rachel Johnson](/source/Rachel_Johnson), British journalist

- 1965 – [Vaden Todd Lewis](/source/Vaden_Todd_Lewis), American singer-songwriter and guitarist[21]

- 1965 – [Costas Mandylor](/source/Costas_Mandylor), Australian actor[21]

- 1965 – [Charlie Sheen](/source/Charlie_Sheen), American actor and producer[21]

- [1966](/source/1966) – [Steven Johnson Leyba](/source/Steven_Johnson_Leyba), American painter and author

- 1966 – [Vladimir Ryzhkov](/source/Vladimir_Ryzhkov), Russian historian and politician

- [1967](/source/1967) – [Chris Gatling](/source/Chris_Gatling), American basketball player

- 1967 – [Luis Gonzalez](/source/Luis_Gonzalez_(outfielder%2C_born_1967)), American baseball player

- [1968](/source/1968) – [Grace Poe](/source/Grace_Poe), Filipino educator and politician

- [1969](/source/1969) – [Noah Baumbach](/source/Noah_Baumbach), American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter[20]

- 1969 – [John Fugelsang](/source/John_Fugelsang), American comedian, actor, and talk show host

- 1969 – [Robert Karlsson](/source/Robert_Karlsson), Swedish golfer

- 1969 – [Marianna Komlos](/source/Marianna_Komlos), Canadian bodybuilder, model, and wrestler (died 2004)

- 1969 – [Matthew Offord](/source/Matthew_Offord), English journalist and politician

- 1969 – [John Picacio](/source/John_Picacio), American artist[26]

- [1970](/source/1970) – [Jeremy Glick](/source/Jeremy_Glick), American businessman (died 2001)

- 1970 – [George Lynch](/source/George_Lynch_(basketball)), American basketball player and coach

- 1970 – [Gareth Southgate](/source/Gareth_Southgate), English footballer and manager

- [1971](/source/1971) – [Kiran Desai](/source/Kiran_Desai), Indian-American author[20]

- 1971 – [Glen Housman](/source/Glen_Housman), Australian swimmer

- 1971 – [Chabeli Iglesias](/source/Chabeli_Iglesias), Portuguese-Spanish journalist

- 1971 – [Paolo Montero](/source/Paolo_Montero), Uruguayan footballer and manager

- [1972](/source/1972) – [Christine Boudrias](/source/Christine_Boudrias), Canadian speed skater

- 1972 – [Bob Evans](/source/Bob_Evans_(wrestler)), American wrestler and trainer

- 1972 – [Robbie O'Davis](/source/Robbie_O'Davis), Australian rugby league player

- 1972 – [Martin Straka](/source/Martin_Straka), Czech ice hockey player

- [1973](/source/1973) – [Jennifer Paige](/source/Jennifer_Paige), American singer[21]

- 1973 – [Damon Stoudamire](/source/Damon_Stoudamire), American basketball player and coach

- [1974](/source/1974) – [Martin Gerber](/source/Martin_Gerber), Swiss ice hockey player[27]

- 1974 – [Clare Kramer](/source/Clare_Kramer), American actress, producer, and screenwriter

- 1974 – [Rahul Sanghvi](/source/Rahul_Sanghvi), Indian cricketer

- [1975](/source/1975) – [Daniel Chan](/source/Daniel_Chan), Hong Kong singer-songwriter and actor

- 1975 – [Cristobal Huet](/source/Cristobal_Huet), French ice hockey player

- 1975 – [Redfoo](/source/Redfoo), American singer-songwriter, producer, and dancer[21]

- [1976](/source/1976) – [Valery V. Afanasyev](/source/Valery_V._Afanasyev), Russian ice hockey player and coach

- 1976 – [Ashley Jones](/source/Ashley_Jones), American actress[21]

- 1976 – [Jevon Kearse](/source/Jevon_Kearse), American football player

- 1976 – [Raheem Morris](/source/Raheem_Morris), American football player and coach

- [1977](/source/1977) – [Casey Hampton](/source/Casey_Hampton), American football player[28]

- 1977 – [Rui Marques](/source/Rui_Marques), Angolan footballer

- 1977 – [Olof Mellberg](/source/Olof_Mellberg), Swedish footballer

- 1977 – [Nate Robertson](/source/Nate_Robertson), American baseball player

- [1978](/source/1978) – [Terje Bakken](/source/Terje_Bakken), Norwegian singer-songwriter (died 2004)

- 1978 – [John Curtis](/source/John_Curtis_(footballer%2C_born_1978)), English footballer

- 1978 – [Nichole Hiltz](/source/Nichole_Hiltz), American actress[21]

- 1978 – [Michal Rozsíval](/source/Michal_Rozs%C3%ADval), Czech ice hockey player

- 1978 – [Nick Wechsler](/source/Nick_Wechsler_(actor)), American actor[21]

- [1979](/source/1979) – [Júlio César](/source/J%C3%BAlio_C%C3%A9sar_(football_goalkeeper%2C_born_1979)), Brazilian footballer

- 1979 – [Tomo Miličević](/source/Tomo_Mili%C4%8Devi%C4%87), Bosnian-American guitarist[21]

- [1980](/source/1980) – [B.G.](/source/B.G._(rapper)), American rapper and actor

- 1980 – [Daniel Bilos](/source/Daniel_Bilos), Argentine footballer

- 1980 – [Cindy Burger](/source/Cindy_Burger_(footballer)), Dutch footballer

- 1980 – [Jason McCaslin](/source/Jason_McCaslin), Canadian singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer

- 1981 – [Fearne Cotton](/source/Fearne_Cotton), English television and radio presenter[29]

- [1982](/source/1982) – [Sarah Burke](/source/Sarah_Burke), Canadian skier (died 2012)

- 1982 – [Andrew McMahon](/source/Andrew_McMahon), American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer

- 1982 – [Kaori Natori](/source/Kaori_Natori), Japanese singer

- 1982 – [Tiago Rannow](/source/Tiago_Rannow), Brazilian footballer

- 1982 – [Chris Wilcox](/source/Chris_Wilcox), American basketball player[30]

- [1983](/source/1983) – [Augusto Farfus](/source/Augusto_Farfus), Brazilian race car driver

- 1983 – [Nicky Hunt](/source/Nicky_Hunt), English footballer

- 1983 – [Marcus McCauley](/source/Marcus_McCauley), American football player

- 1983 – [Valdas Vasylius](/source/Valdas_Vasylius), Lithuanian basketball player

- [1984](/source/1984) – [Mason Crosby](/source/Mason_Crosby), American football player[31]

- 1984 – [Garrett Hedlund](/source/Garrett_Hedlund), American actor[21]

- 1984 – [T. J. Perkins](/source/T._J._Perkins), Filipino-American wrestler

- [1985](/source/1985) – [Scott Carson](/source/Scott_Carson), English footballer

- 1985 – [Kelvin Wilson](/source/Kelvin_Wilson), English footballer

- [1986](/source/1986) – [Shaun White](/source/Shaun_White), American snowboarder, skateboarder, and guitarist[20]

- 1986 – [OMI](/source/OMI_(singer)), Jamaican singer

- 1986 – [Capitão Telhada](/source/Capit%C3%A3o_Telhada), Brazilian politician[32]

- [1987](/source/1987) – [Allie](/source/Allie_(wrestler)), Canadian wrestler

- 1987 – [Modibo Maïga](/source/Modibo_Ma%C3%AFga), Malian footballer

- 1987 – [Dawid Malan](/source/Dawid_Malan), English cricketer

- 1987 – [James Neal](/source/James_Neal_(ice_hockey)), Canadian ice hockey player

- [1988](/source/1988) – [Jérôme Boateng](/source/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Boateng), Ghanaian-German footballer

- 1988 – [Hana Makhmalbaf](/source/Hana_Makhmalbaf), Iranian director and producer

- [1990](/source/1990) – [Mohammad Shami](/source/Mohammed_Shami), Indian cricketer[33]

- [1992](/source/1992) – [August Alsina](/source/August_Alsina), American singer-songwriter[21]

- 1992 – [Sakshi Malik](/source/Sakshi_Malik), Indian wrestler[34]

- [1993](/source/1993) – [Lee So-jung](/source/Lee_So-jung), South Korean singer[35]

- 1993 – [Dominic Thiem](/source/Dominic_Thiem), Austrian tennis player

- 1993 – [Lee Seong-jong](/source/Lee_Seong-jong), South Korean singer[36]

- [1994](/source/1994) – [Francis Molo](/source/Francis_Molo), New Zealand rugby league player

- 1994 – [Glen Rea](/source/Glen_Rea), English-Irish footballer

- [1995](/source/1995) – [Myles Jack](/source/Myles_Jack), American football player[37]

- 1995 – [Niklas Süle](/source/Niklas_S%C3%BCle), German footballer

- [1996](/source/1996) – [Joy](/source/Joy_(singer)), South Korean [idol](/source/Korean_pop_idol) and actress[38]

- 1996 – [Abrahm DeVine](/source/Abrahm_DeVine), American swimmer[39]

- 1996 – [William Eskelinen](/source/William_Eskelinen), Swedish footballer[40]

- 1996 – [Nanda Kyaw](/source/Nanda_Kyaw), Burmese footballer[41]

- 1996 – [Florian Maitre](/source/Florian_Maitre), French cyclist[42]

- 1996 – [Callum Moore](/source/Callum_Moore_(Australian_footballer)), Australian footballer[43]

- 1996 – [Neilson Powless](/source/Neilson_Powless), American cyclist[44]

- 1996 – [Yoane Wissa](/source/Yoane_Wissa), French footballer[45]

- 1997 – [Reniece Boyce](/source/Reniece_Boyce), West Indian cricketer[46]

- 1997 – [Carter Kieboom](/source/Carter_Kieboom), American baseball player[47]

- 1997 - [Salome Pazhava](/source/Salome_Pazhava), Georgian rhythmic gymnast[48]

- 1997 – [Devin Singletary](/source/Devin_Singletary), American football player[49]

- 1997 – [Bernard Tekpetey](/source/Bernard_Tekpetey), Ghanaian footballer[50]

- [1998](/source/1998) – [Oskar Seuntjens](/source/Oskar_Seuntjens), Belgian politician[51]

- [1999](/source/1999) – [Rich Brian](/source/Rich_Brian), Indonesian rapper and singer[52]

- [2000](/source/2000) – [Brandon Williams](/source/Brandon_Williams_(footballer)), English footballer[53]

- [2001](/source/2001) – [Kaia Gerber](/source/Kaia_Gerber), American model and actress[21]

- [2003](/source/2003) – [Jack Dylan Grazer](/source/Jack_Dylan_Grazer), American actor[20]

- [2010](/source/2010) – [Tanitoluwa Adewumi](/source/Tanitoluwa_Adewumi), Nigerian-American chess player[54]

## Deaths

### Pre-1600

- [264](/source/264) – [Sun Xiu](/source/Sun_Xiu), Chinese emperor (born 235)

- [618](/source/618) – [Xue Ju](/source/Xue_Ju), emperor of Qin

- [863](/source/863) – [Umar al-Aqta](/source/Umar_al-Aqta), Arab emir

- [931](/source/931) – [Uda](/source/Emperor_Uda), emperor of Japan (born 867)

- [1120](/source/1120) – [Gerard Thom](/source/Blessed_Gerard) (The Blessed Gerard), founder of the [Knights Hospitaller](/source/Knights_Hospitaller) (born c. 1040)

- [1189](/source/1189) – [Jacob of Orléans](/source/Jacob_of_Orl%C3%A9ans), French Jewish scholar[55]

- [1301](/source/1301) – [Alberto I della Scala](/source/Alberto_I_della_Scala), Lord of Verona

- [1313](/source/1313) – [Anna of Bohemia](/source/Anne_of_Bohemia_(1290%E2%80%931313)) (born 1290)

- [1354](/source/1354) – [Joanikije II](/source/Joanikije_II), Serbian patriarch and saint

- [1400](/source/1400) – [John Holland, 1st Duke of Exeter](/source/John_Holland%2C_1st_Duke_of_Exeter) (born c. 1352)

- [1402](/source/1402) – [Gian Galeazzo Visconti](/source/Gian_Galeazzo_Visconti), Italian son of [Galeazzo II Visconti](/source/Galeazzo_II_Visconti) (born 1351)

- [1420](/source/1420) – [Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany](/source/Robert_Stewart%2C_Duke_of_Albany) (born 1340)

- [1467](/source/1467) – [Eleanor of Portugal, Holy Roman Empress](/source/Eleanor_of_Portugal%2C_Holy_Roman_Empress) (born 1434)

- [1592](/source/1592) – [Robert Greene](/source/Robert_Greene_(dramatist)), English author and playwright (born 1558)

### 1601–1900

- [1609](/source/1609) – [Jean Richardot](/source/Jean_Richardot), Belgian diplomat (born 1540)

- [1634](/source/1634) – [Edward Coke](/source/Edward_Coke), English lawyer, judge, and politician, [Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales](/source/Lord_Chief_Justice_of_England_and_Wales) (born 1552)

- [1653](/source/1653) – [Claudius Salmasius](/source/Claudius_Salmasius), French scholar and author (born 1588)

- [1658](/source/1658) – [Oliver Cromwell](/source/Oliver_Cromwell), English general and politician, [Lord Protector of England](/source/Lord_Protector) (born 1599)

- [1720](/source/1720) – [Henri de Massue, Earl of Galway](/source/Henri_de_Massue%2C_Earl_of_Galway), French general and diplomat (born 1648)

- [1729](/source/1729) – [Jean Hardouin](/source/Jean_Hardouin), French historian and scholar (born 1646)

- [1766](/source/1766) – [Archibald Bower](/source/Archibald_Bower), Scottish historian and author (born 1686)

- [1808](/source/1808) – [John Montgomery](/source/John_Montgomery_(Continental_Congress)), American merchant and politician (born 1722)

- [1857](/source/1857) – [John McLoughlin](/source/John_McLoughlin), Canadian-American businessman (born 1784)

- [1866](/source/1866) – [Konstantin Flavitsky](/source/Konstantin_Flavitsky), Russian painter (born 1830)

- [1877](/source/1877) – [Adolphe Thiers](/source/Adolphe_Thiers), French historian and politician, 2nd [President of France](/source/President_of_France) (born 1797)

- [1883](/source/1883) – [Ivan Turgenev](/source/Ivan_Turgenev), Russian author and playwright (born 1818)

- [1886](/source/1886) – [William W. Snow](/source/William_W._Snow), American lawyer and politician (born 1812)

- [1893](/source/1893) – [James Harrison](/source/James_Harrison_(engineer)), Scottish-Australian engineer, journalist, and politician (born 1816)

### 1901–present

- [1901](/source/1901) – [Evelyn Abbott](/source/Evelyn_Abbott), English classical scholar (born 1843)[56]

- [1906](/source/1906) – [Mihály Kolossa](/source/Mih%C3%A1ly_Kolossa), Hungarian author and poet (born 1846)

- [1914](/source/1914) – [Albéric Magnard](/source/Alb%C3%A9ric_Magnard), French composer and educator (born 1865)

- [1929](/source/1929) – [John Bigham, 1st Viscount Mersey](/source/John_Bigham%2C_1st_Viscount_Mersey), English jurist and politician (born 1840)

- [1936](/source/1936) – [Nikita Balieff](/source/Nikita_Balieff), Armenian-Russian puppeteer and director (born 1876)

- [1941](/source/1941) – [Rafailo Momčilović](/source/Rafailo_Mom%C4%8Dilovi%C4%87), [Serbian Orthodox](/source/Serbian_Orthodox_Church) hegumen and painter (born 1875)[57]

- [1942](/source/1942) – [Will James](/source/Will_James_(artist)), Canadian-American author and illustrator (born 1892)

- 1942 – [Séraphine Louis](/source/S%C3%A9raphine_Louis), French painter (born 1864)

- [1944](/source/1944) – [John Lumsden](/source/John_Lumsden), Irish physician, founded the [St. John Ambulance Brigade of Ireland](/source/St._John_Ambulance_Brigade_of_Ireland) (born 1869)

- [1948](/source/1948) – [Edvard Beneš](/source/Edvard_Bene%C5%A1), Czech academic and politician, 2nd [President of Czechoslovakia](/source/List_of_Presidents_of_Czechoslovakia) (born 1884)

- [1954](/source/1954) – [Marika Kotopouli](/source/Marika_Kotopouli), Greek actress (born 1887)

- [1961](/source/1961) – [Robert E. Gross](/source/Robert_E._Gross_(businessman)), American businessman (born 1897)

- [1962](/source/1962) – [E. E. Cummings](/source/E._E._Cummings), American poet and playwright (born 1894)

- [1963](/source/1963) – [Louis MacNeice](/source/Louis_MacNeice), Irish poet and playwright (born 1907)

- [1967](/source/1967) – [Francis Ouimet](/source/Francis_Ouimet), American golfer and banker (born 1893)

- [1969](/source/1969) – [John Lester](/source/John_Lester), American cricketer and soccer player (born 1871)

- [1970](/source/1970) – [Vasil Gendov](/source/Vasil_Gendov), Bulgarian actor, director, and screenwriter (born 1891)

- 1970 – [Vince Lombardi](/source/Vince_Lombardi), American football player and coach (born 1913)[58]

- 1970 – [Alan Wilson](/source/Alan_Wilson_(musician)), American singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1943)

- [1974](/source/1974) – [Harry Partch](/source/Harry_Partch), American composer and theorist (born 1901)

- [1977](/source/1977) – [Gianni Vella](/source/Gianni_Vella), Maltese artist (born 1885)[59]

- [1980](/source/1980) – [Barbara O'Neil](/source/Barbara_O'Neil), American actress (born 1910)

- 1980 – [Duncan Renaldo](/source/Duncan_Renaldo), Romanian-American actor, producer, and screenwriter (born 1904)

- [1981](/source/1981) – [Alec Waugh](/source/Alec_Waugh), English soldier and author (born 1898)

- [1985](/source/1985) – [Johnny Marks](/source/Johnny_Marks), American songwriter (born 1909)

- [1987](/source/1987) – [Morton Feldman](/source/Morton_Feldman), American composer and educator (born 1926)

- [1988](/source/1988) – [Ferit Melen](/source/Ferit_Melen), Turkish civil servant and politician, 14th [Prime Minister of Turkey](/source/List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_Turkey) (born 1906)

- [1989](/source/1989) – [Gaetano Scirea](/source/Gaetano_Scirea), Italian footballer (born 1953)

- [1991](/source/1991) – [Frank Capra](/source/Frank_Capra), Italian-American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1897)

- [1993](/source/1993) – [David Brown](/source/David_Brown_(entrepreneur)), English businessman (born 1904)

- [1994](/source/1994) – [James Thomas Aubrey, Jr.](/source/James_Thomas_Aubrey%2C_Jr.), American screenwriter and producer (born 1918)

- 1994 – [Billy Wright](/source/Billy_Wright_(footballer%2C_born_1924)), English footballer and manager (born 1924)

- [1995](/source/1995) – [Mary Adshead](/source/Mary_Adshead), English painter (born 1904)[60]

- [1996](/source/1996) – [Emily Kame Kngwarreye](/source/Emily_Kame_Kngwarreye), Australian painter (born 1910)

- [1999](/source/1999) – [Emma Bailey](/source/Emma_Bailey), American auctioneer and author (born 1910)[61]

- [2000](/source/2000) – [Edward Anhalt](/source/Edward_Anhalt), American actor, producer, and screenwriter (born 1914)

- [2001](/source/2001) – [Pauline Kael](/source/Pauline_Kael), American film critic and author (born 1919)

- [2002](/source/2002) – [Kenneth Hare](/source/Kenneth_Hare), Canadian climatologist and academic (born 1919)

- 2002 – [W. Clement Stone](/source/W._Clement_Stone), American businessman, philanthropist, and author (born 1902)

- [2003](/source/2003) – [Alan Dugan](/source/Alan_Dugan), American soldier and poet (born 1923)

- [2003](/source/2003) – [Rudolf Leiding](/source/Rudolf_Leiding), German businessman (born 1914)

- [2005](/source/2005) – [R. S. R. Fitter](/source/R._S._R._Fitter), English biologist and author (born 1913)

- 2005 – [William Rehnquist](/source/William_Rehnquist), American lawyer and jurist, 16th [Chief Justice of the United States](/source/Chief_Justice_of_the_United_States) (born 1924)

- [2007](/source/2007) – [Carter Albrecht](/source/Carter_Albrecht), American keyboard player and guitarist (born 1973)

- 2007 – [Syd Jackson](/source/Syd_Jackson_(M%C4%81ori_activist)), New Zealand trade union leader and activist (born 1939)

- 2007 – [Jane Tomlinson](/source/Jane_Tomlinson), English runner (born 1964)

- 2007 – [Steve Fossett](/source/Steve_Fossett), American aviator (born 1944)

- [2008](/source/2008) – [Donald Blakeslee](/source/Donald_Blakeslee), American colonel and pilot (born 1917)

- [2010](/source/2010) – [Noah Howard](/source/Noah_Howard), American saxophonist (born 1943)

- 2010 – [Robert Schimmel](/source/Robert_Schimmel), American comedian, actor, and screenwriter (born 1950)

- [2012](/source/2012) – [Griselda Blanco](/source/Griselda_Blanco), Colombian drug lord (born 1943)

- 2012 – [Harold Dunaway](/source/Harold_Dunaway), American race car driver and pilot (born 1933)

- 2012 – [Michael Clarke Duncan](/source/Michael_Clarke_Duncan), American actor (born 1957)

- 2012 – [Siegfried Jamrowski](/source/Siegfried_Jamrowski), Russian-German soldier and pilot (born 1917)

- 2012 – [Sun Myung Moon](/source/Sun_Myung_Moon), Korean religious leader and businessman, founded the [Unification Church](/source/Unification_Church) (born 1920)

- 2012 – [Charlie Rose](/source/Charlie_Rose_(congressman)), American lawyer and politician (born 1939)

- [2013](/source/2013) – [Ralph M. Holman](/source/Ralph_M._Holman), American lawyer and judge (born 1914)

- 2013 – [Pedro Ferriz Santacruz](/source/Pedro_Ferriz_Santacruz), Mexican-American journalist (born 1921)

- 2013 – [José Ramón Larraz](/source/Jos%C3%A9_Ram%C3%B3n_Larraz), Spanish director and screenwriter (born 1929)

- 2013 – [Janet Lembke](/source/Janet_Lembke), American author and scholar (born 1933)

- 2013 – [Don Meineke](/source/Don_Meineke), American basketball player (born 1930)

- 2013 – [Lewis Morley](/source/Lewis_Morley), Hong Kong-Australian photographer (born 1925)

- [2014](/source/2014) – [Aarno Raninen](/source/Aarno_Raninen), Finnish singer-songwriter and pianist (born 1944)

- 2014 – [A. P. Venkateswaran](/source/A._P._Venkateswaran), Indian soldier and politician, 14th [Foreign Secretary of India](/source/Foreign_Secretary_(India)) (born 1930)

- [2015](/source/2015) – [Adrian Cadbury](/source/Adrian_Cadbury), English rower and businessman (born 1929)

- 2015 – [Judy Carne](/source/Judy_Carne), English actress and comedian (born 1939)

- 2015 – [Carter Lay](/source/Carter_Lay), American businessman and philanthropist (born 1971)

- 2015 – [Zhang Zhen](/source/Zhang_Zhen_(general)), Chinese general and politician (born 1914)

- 2015 – [Chandra Bahadur Dangi](/source/Chandra_Bahadur_Dangi), world record holder for shortest man (born 1939)[62]

- [2017](/source/2017) – [Walter Becker](/source/Walter_Becker), American musician, songwriter, and record producer (born 1950)

- 2017 – [John Ashbery](/source/John_Ashbery), American poet (born 1927)

- [2024](/source/2024) – [Flora Fraser, 21st Lady Saltoun](/source/Flora_Fraser%2C_21st_Lady_Saltoun), Scottish peer (born 1930)[63]

- 2024 – [Wayne Graham](/source/Wayne_Graham), American baseball player and coach (born 1936)[64]

- 2024 – [Charley Johnson](/source/Charley_Johnson), American football player (born 1938)[65]

## Holidays and observances

- Christian [feast day](/source/Calendar_of_saints): - [Mansuetus of Toul](/source/Mansuetus_(bishop_of_Toul)) - [Marinus](/source/Saint_Marinus) - [Pope Gregory I](/source/Pope_Gregory_I) - [Remaclus](/source/Remaclus) - [Prudence Crandall](/source/Prudence_Crandall) ([Episcopal Church (USA)](/source/Episcopal_Church_(USA))) - [September 3 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)](/source/September_3_(Eastern_Orthodox_liturgics))

- China's [victory over Japan](/source/Victory_over_Japan_Day) commemoration related observances: - [Armed Forces Day (Republic of China)](/source/Armed_Forces_Day_(Republic_of_China)) - [V-J Day](/source/Victory_over_Japan_Day#China) ([People's Republic of China](/source/People's_Republic_of_China))

- [Feast of San Marino and the Republic](/source/Feast_of_San_Marino_and_the_Republic), celebrates the foundation of the [Republic of San Marino](/source/Republic_of_San_Marino) in 301.

- [Flag Day (Australia)](/source/Flag_Day_(Australia))

- [Independence Day](/source/Independence_Day), celebrates the second independence of [Qatar](/source/Qatar) from the United Kingdom in 1971.

- [Levy Mwanawasa Day](/source/Levy_Mwanawasa_Day) ([Zambia](/source/Zambia))

- [Merchant Navy Remembrance Day](/source/Canadian_Merchant_Navy) ([Canada](/source/Canada))

- [Merchant Navy Day](/source/Merchant_Navy_(United_Kingdom)) ([United Kingdom](/source/United_Kingdom))

- [National Welsh Rarebit Day](/source/List_of_food_days#September) ([United States](/source/United_States))

- [Tokehega Day](/source/Public_holidays_in_Tokelau) ([Tokelau](/source/Tokelau), New Zealand)

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** ["Richard I"](https://www.westminster-abbey.org/abbey-commemorations/royals/richard-i). *Westminster Abbey*. Retrieved 5 October 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** Rácz, György (2013). *The Congress of Visegrád in 1335: Diplomacy and Representation*. Hungarian Historical Review. pp. 261–287.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** [Historic Environment Scotland](/source/Historic_Environment_Scotland). ["Battle of Dunbar II (BTL7)"](https://www.trove.scot/designation/BTL7). Retrieved 2020-06-18.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Immerwahr, Daniel (31 January 2023). ["Did George Washington Burn New York?"](https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2023/03/george-washington-burn-new-york-great-fire-1776/672780/). *The Atlantic*. Vol. 331, no. 2. p. 77. [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [1072-7825](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1072-7825). Retrieved 16 February 2023.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["Flames Eat Business Heart of Ocean Park"](https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-los-angeles-times-flames-eat-busines/132608201/). *The Los Angeles Times*. 1912-09-04. p. 1. Retrieved 2024-05-20.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** Patrice Marcilloux (2009) “La mort héroïsée d’Albéric Magnard: essai d’approche culturelle”, in Stéphane Audoin-Rouzeau et al. (eds.), *La Grande Guerre des musiciens*, Lyon: Symétrie, pp. 85–102.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** ["Seeds of Political Destruction"](https://web.archive.org/web/20080307203237/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,916377,00.html). *[Time](/source/Time_(magazine))*. New York. 18 September 1978. Archived from [the original](http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,916377,00.html) on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 22 November 2012.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** [Godwin, Peter](/source/Peter_Godwin); Hancock, Ian (1995) [1993]. *Rhodesians Never Die: The Impact of War and Political Change on White Rhodesia c. 1970–1980*. Harare: Baobab Books. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-908311-82-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-908311-82-8).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** ["United Nations Treaty Collection"](https://web.archive.org/web/20150906035454/https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=IV-8&chapter=4&lang=en). Archived from [the original](https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=IV-8&chapter=4&lang=en) on 2015-09-06. Retrieved 2018-11-01.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-ASN_10-0)** ["Accident description"](https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19890903-1). *[Aviation Safety Network](/source/Aviation_Safety_Network)*. Retrieved 7 August 2012.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** Ranter, Harro. ["ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-241 PP-VMK São José do Xingu, MT"](https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19890903-0). *aviation-safety.net*. Retrieved 2022-09-02.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** Ranter, Harro. ["ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 747-44AF (SCD) N571UP Dubai Airport (DXB)"](https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20100903-0). *aviation-safety.net*. [Aviation Safety Network](/source/Aviation_Safety_Network). Retrieved 2020-09-01.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** Sunderland, Mary E. (31 October 2007). ["Abraham Trembley (1710–1784)"](https://embryo.asu.edu/pages/abraham-trembley-1710-1784). *embryo.asu.edu*. The Embryo Project Encyclopedia. Retrieved 30 August 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-14)** Williams, Donald E. (2014). [*Prudence Crandall's legacy : The fight for Equality in the 1830s, Dred Scott, and Brown v. Board of Education*](https://books.google.com/books?id=WNq3AwAAQBAJ). Middletown, Connecticut: Wesleyan University Press. p. 8. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-81957-646-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-81957-646-0).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-15)** James, Edward T.; Wilson James, Janet; Boyer, Paul S. (1971). *Notable American Women, 1607–1950: A Biographical Dictionary*. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. p. 274. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-67462-731-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-67462-731-4).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-16)** Montgomery-Massingberd, Hugh (1977). *Burke's Royal Families of the World*. London: Burke's Peerage. p. 471. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-850110-234](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-850110-234).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-17)** Whitney, Craig R (February 18, 2007). ["Maurice Papon, Convicted Vichy Official, 96, Dies"](https://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/18/world/europe/18papon.html). *The New York Times*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-18)** Marilyn Bailey Ogilvie; Joy Dorothy Harvey (2000). *The Biographical Dictionary of Women in Science: L–Z*. London: Routledge. p. 1079. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-41592-040-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-41592-040-7).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-19)** ["Belizean Biographies"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160305135719/http://bnlsis.org/bios.html). 2016-03-05. Archived from [the original](http://bnlsis.org/bios.html) on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2019-01-03.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-UPI_20-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-UPI_20-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-UPI_20-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-UPI_20-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-UPI_20-4) [***f***](#cite_ref-UPI_20-5) [***g***](#cite_ref-UPI_20-6) [***h***](#cite_ref-UPI_20-7) [***i***](#cite_ref-UPI_20-8) ["Famous birthdays for Sept. 3: Charlie Sheen, Noah Baumbach"](https://www.upi.com/Entertainment_News/2021/09/03/Famous-birthdays-for-Sept-3-Charlie-Sheen-Noah-Baumbach/7681630267101/). [UPI](/source/United_Press_International). 3 September 2021. Retrieved 31 August 2023.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-AP_21-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-AP_21-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-AP_21-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-AP_21-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-AP_21-4) [***f***](#cite_ref-AP_21-5) [***g***](#cite_ref-AP_21-6) [***h***](#cite_ref-AP_21-7) [***i***](#cite_ref-AP_21-8) [***j***](#cite_ref-AP_21-9) [***k***](#cite_ref-AP_21-10) [***l***](#cite_ref-AP_21-11) [***m***](#cite_ref-AP_21-12) [***n***](#cite_ref-AP_21-13) [***o***](#cite_ref-AP_21-14) [***p***](#cite_ref-AP_21-15) [***q***](#cite_ref-AP_21-16) [***r***](#cite_ref-AP_21-17) [***s***](#cite_ref-AP_21-18) Rose, Mike (3 September 2022). ["Today's famous birthdays list for September 3, 2022 includes celebrities Iman Vellani, Charlie Sheen"](https://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/2022/09/todays-famous-birthdays-list-for-september-3-2022-includes-celebrities-iman-vellani-charlie-sheen.html). *[The Plain Dealer](/source/The_Plain_Dealer)*. [Associated Press](/source/Associated_Press). Retrieved 31 August 2023.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-22)** Williams, Alex (March 23, 2026). ["Valerie Perrine, Screen Siren Who Won Critical Acclaim, Dies at 82"](https://www.nytimes.com/2026/03/23/movies/valerie-perrine-dead.html). *[The New York Times](/source/The_New_York_Times)*. [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). Retrieved April 9, 2026.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-23)** Risen, Clay (2023-07-20). ["Martha Saxton, Historian Who Explored Women's Lives, Dies at 77"](https://www.nytimes.com/2023/07/20/books/martha-saxton-dead.html). *The New York Times*. [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). Retrieved 2023-09-06.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-24)** ["West Virginia House of Delegates"](https://www.wvlegislature.gov/house/lawmaker.cfm?member=Delegate%20Jennings). *www.wvlegislature.gov*. Retrieved 2024-07-08.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-25)** ["Guvernér NBS Ivan Šramko oslavuje životné jubileum"](https://index.sme.sk/c/3467304/guverner-nbs-ivan-sramko-oslavuje-zivotne-jubileum.html). *index.sme.sk* (in Slovak). Retrieved 14 August 2023.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-26)** ["John Picacio: Multidimensional"](https://locusmag.com/2012/04/john-picacio-multidimensional/). *Locus Magazine*. April 13, 2012. Retrieved February 19, 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-27)** ["Martin Gerber"](https://www.nhl.com/player/martin-gerber-8469675). [National Hockey League](/source/National_Hockey_League). Retrieved 31 August 2023.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-28)** ["Casey Hampton"](https://www.espn.com/nfl/player/_/id/2567/casey-hampton). [ESPN](/source/ESPN). Retrieved 31 August 2023.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-29)** @fearnecotton; (3 September 2017). ["Thanks for having me planet earth. 36 years old today"](https://www.instagram.com/fearnecotton/p/BYkdWgjh3w3/) – via [Instagram](/source/Instagram).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-30)** ["Chris Wilcox"](https://www.nba.com/stats/player/2404/career). [National Basketball Association](/source/National_Basketball_Association). Retrieved 31 August 2023.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-31)** ["Mason Crosby"](https://www.espn.com/nfl/player/_/id/10636/mason-crosby). [ESPN](/source/ESPN). Retrieved 31 August 2023.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-32)** ["Capitão Telhada"](https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/poder/eleicoes/candidatos/2022/sp/deputado-estadual/capitao-telhada-250001612252.shtml). *[Folha de S.Paulo](/source/Folha_de_S.Paulo)* (in Portuguese).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-33)** Mahadik, Gauresh (2022-09-03). ["Happy birthday Mohammad Shami: A look at the veteran fast bowler's endorsements, net worth and charities"](https://sportsmintmedia.com/happy-birthday-mohammad-shami-a-look-at-the-veteran-fast-bowlers-endorsements-net-worth-and-charities/). *SportsMint Media*. Retrieved 2023-09-05.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-34)** ["Happy Birthday Sakshi Malik: Records and achievements of the wrestling star"](https://www.cnbctv18.com/sports/happy-birthday-sakshi-malik-records-and-achievements-of-the-wrestling-star-14640881.htm). *cnbctv18.com*. 2022-09-03. Retrieved 2023-09-05.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-35)** [레이디스 코드 소정, 오늘(3일) 생일로 알려져 안타까움 더해](https://web.archive.org/web/20220404200635/http://stoo.asiae.co.kr/news/stview.htm?idxno=2014090307272244236) [Ladie's Code Sojung, today (3rd) is known as her birthday, adding to the sadness]. *스포츠투데이* (in Korean). September 24, 2014. Archived from [the original](http://stoo.asiae.co.kr/news/stview.htm?idxno=2014090307272244236) on April 4, 2022. Retrieved October 22, 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-36)** ["인피니트 이성종 너마저..울림 나와 에스피케이엔터 전속계약\[공식\]"](https://m.news.nate.com/view/20220905n04309). *Osen* (in Korean). 5 September 2022. Retrieved 11 March 2025.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-37)** ["Myles Jack"](https://www.espn.com/nfl/player/_/id/3047566/myles-jack). [ESPN](/source/ESPN). Retrieved 31 August 2023.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-38)** ["Red Velvet Profile"](https://web.archive.org/web/20141018195600/http://redvelvet.smtown.com/profile). *SM Entertainment* (in Korean). Archived from [the original](http://redvelvet.smtown.com/profile) on October 18, 2014. Retrieved April 14, 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-39)** ["USA Swimming on Twitter"](https://twitter.com/USASwimming/status/1036614796727205888/photo/1). *Twitter*. Retrieved 2018-11-08.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-40)** ["Sweden – W. Eskelinen – Profile with news, career statistics and history"](https://int.soccerway.com/players/william-eskelinen/294664/). *int.soccerway.com*. Retrieved 2018-11-08.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-41)** ["Nanda Kyaw Player Profile"](http://www.espnfc.com/player/214084/nanda-kyaw). *www.espnfc.com*. Retrieved 2018-11-08.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-42)** Archives, Cycling. ["Florian Maitre"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160306095719/http://www.cyclingarchives.com/coureurfiche.php?coureurid=107478). *www.cyclingarchives.com*. Archived from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved 2018-11-08.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-43)** ["Callum Moore"](http://www.richmondfc.com.au/player-profile/callum-moore). *richmondfc.com.au*. Retrieved 2018-11-08.[*[dead link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot)*]

1. **[^](#cite_ref-44)** ["Neilson Powless"](https://www.procyclingstats.com/rider/185580). *www.procyclingstats.com*. Retrieved 2018-11-08.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-45)** ["France – Y. Wissa – Profile with news, career statistics and history"](https://int.soccerway.com/players/yoane-wissa/320030/). *int.soccerway.com*. Retrieved 2018-11-08.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-46)** ["Reniece Boyce"](http://www.espncricinfo.com/westindies/content/player/908047.html). *Cricinfo*. Retrieved 2018-11-07.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-47)** ["Carter Kieboom Stats, Fantasy & News"](https://www.mlb.com/player/carter-kieboom-666198?stats=career-r-hitting-minors&year=2018). *MLB.com*. Retrieved 2018-11-07.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-48)** ["Salome Pazhava"](https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/130296). *www.olympedia.org*. Retrieved 2024-09-02.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-49)** ["Devin Singletary"](http://www.espn.com/college-football/player/_/id/4040761/devin-singletary). *ESPN.com*. Retrieved 2018-11-07.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-50)** ["Ghana – B. Tekpetey – Profile with news, career statistics and history"](https://int.soccerway.com/players/bernhard-tekpetey/435173/). *int.soccerway.com*. Retrieved 2018-11-07.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-51)** ["De Kamerleden: Oskar Seuntjens"](https://www.dekamer.be/kvvcr/showpage.cfm?section=/depute&language=nl&cfm=cvview54.cfm?key=07732&lactivity=56) (in Dutch). Brussels: [Chamber of Representatives](/source/Chamber_of_Representatives_(Belgium)). Retrieved 1 September 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-52)** ["Rich Brian"](https://www.allmusic.com/artist/mn0003560841). *All Music*. Retrieved 27 January 2026.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-53)** ["Brandon Williams"](https://www.premierleague.com/players/23834/Brandon-Williams/overview). *Premier League*. Retrieved 10 December 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-54)** ["About Tanitoluwa Emmanuel Adewumi"](https://web.archive.org/web/20200324164746/https://tanitoluwaadewumifoundation.org/about/child-page-2/). *Tanitoluwa Adewumi Foundation*. 9 August 2019. Archived from [the original](https://tanitoluwaadewumifoundation.org/about/child-page-2/) on 24 March 2020. Retrieved March 13, 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-55)** ["Jacob of Orleans"](http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/8450-jacob-of-orleans). *www.jewishencyclopedia.com*. Retrieved 2019-09-12.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-56)** [Strachan-Davidson, J. L.](/source/James_Strachan-Davidson) (23 September 2004). "Abbott, Evelyn (1843–1901), classical scholar". In Curthoys, M. C (ed.). *[Oxford Dictionary of National Biography](/source/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography)*. Vol. 1 (online ed.). Oxford University Press. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1093/ref:odnb/30317](https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F30317). (Subscription, [Wikipedia Library](https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/88/) access or [UK public library membership](https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public) required.)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-57)** Paris, Edmond (September 18, 1988). [*Convert – or die!: Catholic persecution in Yugoslavia during World War II*](https://books.google.com/books?id=wL3YAAAAMAAJ&q=rafailo+momcilovic). Chick Publications. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9780937958353](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780937958353) – via Google Books.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-58)** ["Vince Lombardi Dead at 57; Funeral in New York"](https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/sports/redskins/longterm/1997/history/allart/lombfune.htm). *www.washingtonpost.com*. Retrieved 30 August 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-59)** Schiavone, Michael J. (2009). *Dictionary of Maltese Biographies Vol. 2 G–Z*. [Pietà](/source/Piet%C3%A0%2C_Malta): Pubblikazzjonijiet Indipendenza. pp. 1594–1595. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9789993291329](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789993291329).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-60)** ["OBITUARY: Mary Adshead"](https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-mary-adshead-1599840.html). *The Independent*. 7 September 1995. Retrieved 21 February 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-61)** ["Obituary for Emma P. Bailey, Auctioneer"](https://www.newspapers.com/clip/88406504/obituary-for-emma-p-bailey-auctioneer/). *The Brattleboro Reformer*. 1999-09-09. p. 20. Retrieved 2021-11-05.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-62)** ["World's shortest man Chandra Bahadur Dangi dies in American Samoa aged 75"](https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-09-05/world27s-shortest-man-dies-chandra-bahadur-dangi/6752116). *abc.net.au*. September 5, 2015.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-63)** ["Lady Saltoun, member of the Royal family with a hereditary peerage who enlivened the House of Lords – obituary"](https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2024/09/04/lady-saltoun-royal-family-hereditary-peer/). *The Telegraph*. 4 September 2024. Retrieved 4 September 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-64)** ["MLB mourns loss of college baseball titan Wayne Graham"](https://www.mlb.com/news/wayne-graham-dies-aged-88). *MLB.com*. Retrieved 2024-09-06.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-65)** ["Broncos mourn passing of Ring of Fame QB Charley Johnson"](https://www.denverbroncos.com/news/broncos-mourn-passing-of-ring-of-fame-qb-charley-johnson). *www.denverbroncos.com*. Retrieved 2024-09-06.

## External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [September 3](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/September_3).

- ["On This Day"](https://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/3). BBC.

- [*The New York Times*: On This Day](https://archive.nytimes.com/learning.blogs.nytimes.com/on-this-day/september-3)

- ["Historical Events on September 3"](https://www.onthisday.com/events/september/3). OnThisDay.com.

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [September 3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_3) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_3?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.