# Schandorf

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> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Schandorf.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schandorf
> Source revision: 1334371320
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

{{Infobox settlement
| name                     = Schandorf
| native_name              = Čemba
| settlement_type          = [Municipality](/source/Municipality_(Austria))<!-- Images     -->
| image_skyline            = Schandorf_-_Panorama_view_(01).jpg
| imagesize                = 
| image_caption            = Schandorf panoramic view
| image_shield             = AUT Schandorf COA.png
| shield_size              = 
| shield_link              = <!-- Maps           -->
| pushpin_map              = Austria#Austria Burgenland
| pushpin_mapsize          = 270
| pushpin_map_caption      = Location within Austria##Location within Burgenland
| pushpin_label_position = left
| image_map                = Schandorf im Bezirk OW.png
| mapsize                  = 
| map_alt                  = 
| map_caption              = Location within [Oberwart](/source/Oberwart_(district)) district
<!-- Location    -->| coordinates              = {{coord|47|15|N|16|25|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type         = Country
| subdivision_name         = [Austria](/source/Austria)
| subdivision_type1        = [State](/source/States_of_Austria)
| subdivision_name1        = [Burgenland](/source/Burgenland)
| subdivision_type2        = [District](/source/District_(Austria))
| subdivision_name2        = [Oberwart](/source/Oberwart_(district))
| parts_type               = 
| parts_style              = para
| p1                       = <!-- Leaders -->
| leader_title             = [Mayor](/source/Burgomaster)
| leader_name              = Josef Csencsics
| leader_party             = 
| leader_title1            = 
| leader_name1             = <!-- Statistics -->
| area_footnotes           = {{Austria population Wikidata|area_footnotes}}
| area_total_km2           = {{Austria population Wikidata|area_total_km2}}
| area_metro_km2           = 
| elevation_m              = 260
| elevation_max_m          = 
| elevation_min_m          = 
| population_as_of         = {{Austria population Wikidata|population_as_of}}
| population_footnotes     = {{Austria population Wikidata|population_footnotes}}
| population_total         = {{Austria population Wikidata|population_total}}
| population_urban         = 
| population_metro         = 
| population_note          = 
| population_density_km2   = auto
| established_title        = 
| established_date         = 
| timezone                 = [CET](/source/Central_European_Time)
| timezone_DST             = [CEST](/source/Central_European_Summer_Time)
| utc_offset               = +1
| utc_offset_DST           = +2
| registration_plate       = 
| postal_code_type         = [Postal code](/source/List_of_postal_codes_in_Austria)
| postal_code              = 7472
| area_code_type           = [Area code](/source/Telephone_numbers_in_Austria)
| area_code                = 
| website                  = [http://www.schandorf.at www.schandorf.at]
| footnotes                = 
}}

'''Schandorf''' ({{langx|hr|Čemba}}, {{langx|hu|Csém}}) is a village in the district of [Oberwart](/source/Oberwart_(district)) in [Burgenland](/source/Burgenland) in southeastern [Austria](/source/Austria).

== History ==
The earliest record of the village's existence dates to 1244.<ref>
   "Geschichte" ("History"), Schandorf.at, 2010, web:
   [http://www.schandorf.at/home/geschichte.html SDhist] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090512122517/http://www.schandorf.at/home/geschichte.html |date=2009-05-12 }}.
</ref>  In the first half of the 16th century, the region was devastated by attacking Turkish troops, and villages were depopulated.  The Hungarian magnate Franz [Batthyány](/source/Batthy%C3%A1ny) arranged for Schandorf and other villages to be repopulated by immigrants from [Croatia](/source/Croatia), and for centuries, the village was an island of Croatian language and culture, surrounded by speakers of Hungarian and German.  A dialect of Croatian unique to the village gradually evolved, rich in [loanword](/source/loanword) vocabulary from Hungarian.  With ever-increasing outmigration and cosmopolitan influence of German, this dialect is today endangered.<ref>
   "Kroaten", Schandorf.at, 2010, web:
   [http://www.schandorf.at/home/kroaten.html SD-kr] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090512000632/http://www.schandorf.at/home/kroaten.html |date=2009-05-12 }}
</ref>

For centuries the village was part of [Hungary](/source/Hungary).  Following the First World War, with the breakup of the old [Austrian Empire](/source/Austria-Hungary), the division of the land between the new nation states of Austria and Hungary was accompanied by turmoil; for details, see "[Burgenland](/source/Burgenland)".  The final establishment of the boundary in 1921 had the unfortunate effect of separating Schandorf from nearby Croatian-speaking communities, which remained part of Hungary.<ref name=ur/> The separation became extreme after the Second World War, when the [Iron Curtain](/source/Iron_Curtain) descended blocking almost all passage across the border. This would have been a particularly salient fact of life for residents of Schandorf, whose outskirts lie only about {{convert|400|m|ft|-1}} from Hungarian territory.<ref>Source:  Google maps</ref>

Schandorf has not prospered in recent times; lack of economic opportunity has led to outmigration, particularly to the United States and Canada.<ref name="ur">
   "Urspruenge", Schandorf.at, 2010, web:
   [http://www.schandorf.at/home/geschichte/urspruenge.html SD-ur]{{dead link|date=May 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}.
</ref>  Between 1900 and 2005 the population declined from 720 to 297.<ref name=ur/>  Municipal government was suspended in 1972, but restored in 1996.<ref name=ur/>

== Population ==
{{Historical populations
|align=left
|1869|641
|1880|697
|1890|670
|1900|724
|1910|719
|1923|638
|1934|624
|1939|562
|1951|536
|1961|448
|1971|409
|1981|392
|1991|342
|2001|310
|2011|299
}}

== Culture ==
Schandorf is the home of a [tamburrizza](/source/tamburica) orchestra, a reflection of its Croatian ethnic heritage.  (The tamburizza is a traditional folk instrument, widely played in Croatia.)  The orchestra performs frequently, often outside the village.<ref>
   "Tamburizza", Schandorf.at, 2010, web:
   [http://www.schandorf.at/vereinswesen/tamburizza.html SD-verein] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090629083352/http://www.schandorf.at/vereinswesen/tamburizza.html |date=2009-06-29 }}</ref>

{{clear-left}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.schandorf.at www.schandorf.at] - town website (in German/Croatian)

{{Oberwart}}

{{authority control}}

Category:Cities and towns in Oberwart District
Category:Croatian diaspora
Category:Ethnic enclaves in Austria

{{Burgenland-geo-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Schandorf](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schandorf) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schandorf?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.