# Sarno (river)

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{{Infobox river
  | name              = Sarno
  | image             = Affresco romano - Pompei - Casa dei triclini - triclinio c fiume sarno.JPG
  | image_size        = <!--Optional; defaults to 288 px-->
  | image_caption     = Personification of Sarno in [Pompei](/source/Pompei)
  | source1_location  = Above Sarno
  | mouth             = [Tyrrhenian Sea](/source/Tyrrhenian_Sea)
  | mouth_location    = Bay of Naples, near Pompeii
  | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|40.7285|14.4692|region:IT_type:river|display=it}}
  | subdivision_type1 = Country
  | subdivision_name1 = Italy
  | length_km = 24
  | length_ref = <ref name="Pippo">Tommaso De Pippo, Carlo Donadio, Marco Guida, Carmela Petrosino: ''The case of Sarno River (Southern Italy): effects of geomorphology on the environmental impacts''. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, Mai 2006 May, 13(3), S. 184-91, doi: 10.1065/espr2005.08.287</ref>
  | source1_elevation = {{convert|30|m|ft|abbr=on}}
  | mouth_elevation   = 
  | discharge1_avg    = {{convert|10|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}} at Scafati<ref name="Pippo"/>
  | basin_size_km2 = 715
  | basin_size_ref = <ref name="Lama">P. Montuori, P. Lama, S. Aurino, D. Naviglio, M. Triassi: ''Metals loads into the Mediterranean Sea: estimate of Sarno River: inputs and ecological risk''. Ecotoxicology, 2013, 22, S. 295–307, DOI 10.1007/s10646-012-1026-9</ref>
}}

The '''Sarno''', known as ''Sarnus'' to the Romans, is a stream that passes through [Pompeii](/source/Pompeii) to the south of the [Italian](/source/Italy) city of [Naples](/source/Naples).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pleiades.stoa.org/places/433102 |title=Places: 433102 (Sarnus (river)) |author=Purcell, N., R. Talbert, S. Gillies, T. Elliott, J. Becker |date=13 September 2024 |accessdate=March 21, 2015 <!-- 11:33 pm -->  |publisher=Pleiades}}</ref> It is considered the most polluted river in Europe.<ref>[http://www.grinningplanet.com/2005/07-26/water-pollution-facts-article.htm Water Pollution Facts<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> It flows about {{convert|24|km|mi}} from the base of Mt. Sarno to the [Bay of Naples](/source/Bay_of_Naples) collecting water from the [Solofrana](/source/%3Ait%3ASolofrana) and Cavaiola tributaries during the course of its flow.

It is still partially used for [irrigation](/source/irrigation), as well as the transportation of goods and fishing. It is part of the Sarno [river basin](/source/river_basin), which covers about {{convert|715|km2|mi2}}.<ref name="Lama"/><ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 23053925 | doi=10.1007/s10653-012-9483-x | volume=35 | title=Assessment of the environmental conditions of the Sarno river basin (south Italy): a stream sediment approach | journal=Environ Geochem Health | pages=283–97 | last1 = Albanese | first1 = S | last2 = Iavazzo | first2 = P | last3 = Adamo | first3 = P | last4 = Lima | first4 = A | last5 = De Vivo | first5 = B| year=2013 | issue=3 | bibcode=2013EnvGH..35..283A | s2cid=3427960 }}</ref>

The Sarno is [one the most polluted rivers](/source/List_of_most-polluted_rivers) in Europe, due to agricultural waste and insufficiently treated industrial waste water.<ref>Peter Greenberg, ''Don't Go There! The Travel Detective's Essential Guide to the Must-Miss Places of the World''. St Martins Press, 2008, S. 27–28</ref><ref name="Lama"/>

There are about 500 small industrial units in the area which still emit pollution. Water treatment plants have been installed, however, they do not work to full capacity. The mouth of the river continues to make bathing in the sea impossible, despite numerous protests.{{when|date=June 2025}}

The plain at the mouth of the river was the site of the [Battle of the Sarno](/source/Battle_of_the_Sarno_(1460)), fought in 1460.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-196795&fid=3092&c=italy Sarno River: Italy]
SOURCE: National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Bethesda, MD, USA
{{Authority control}}

Category:Rivers of the Metropolitan City of Naples
Category:Rivers of the Province of Salerno
Category:Rivers of Italy
Category:Drainage basins of the Tyrrhenian Sea

{{Salerno-geo-stub}}
{{Italy-river-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Sarno (river)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarno_(river)) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarno_(river)?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.