# Salkhit

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Bag in Khongor, Darkhan-Uul, Mongolia

**Salkhit** ([Mongolian](/source/Mongolian_language): Салхит, ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠲᠦ, "windy") is a [bag](/source/Bags_of_Mongolia) in [Khongor](/source/Khongor%2C_Darkhan-Uul) [sum](/source/Sums_of_Mongolia) (district) of [Darkhan-Uul Province](/source/Darkhan-Uul_Province), [Mongolia](/source/Mongolia).[1]

## Geography

Salkhit is located on the [Kharaa gol](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kharaa_gol&action=edit&redlink=1) river (a right tributary of the [Orkhon river](/source/Orkhon_river)), 13 km south of the center of the [sum](/source/Sums_of_Mongolia) of [Khongor](/source/Khongor%2C_Darkhan-Uul), and 33 km south of the [aimag](/source/Provinces_of_Mongolia) capital [Darkhan](/source/Darkhan_(city)).

## Economy

Salkhit is the railway station where the 164 km long Salkhit–[Erdenet](/source/Erdenet) line starts. This line was built to the copper producing city of Erdenet in 1975, with Soviet assistance.

## Prehistory

An [Homo sapiens](/source/Homo_sapiens) skullcap with archaic features similar to those of [Neanderthals](/source/Neanderthals) and *[Homo erectus](/source/Homo_erectus)* was found near Salkhit in 2006 during gold mining operations at depth 5–6 m.[2] Original estimates dated the skullcap to about 22,100 years old, but later re-dating in 2010 indicated 23,630 [BP](/source/Before_Present).[2][3]

In 2019, the Salkhit skull was again radiocarbon dated, analyzing hydroxyproline in bone-extracted collagen, placing it in the range 34,950–33,900 [cal BP](/source/Cal_BP).[4] Despite its archaic features, genetic reconstruction of [ancient DNA](/source/Ancient_DNA) from the skull indicates the specimen falls on a novel branch of [mtDNA haplogroup N](/source/Haplogroup_N_(mtDNA)), one of two basal haplogroups ancestral to all non-African populations. Application of a molecular clock to the mtDNA sequence yielded a date for the skull of 12,910 to 39,410 years BP.[4] The Salkhit individual was found to have carried c. 74–78% 'Basal East Asian' [Tianyuan-like](/source/Tianyuan_man) ancestry and c. 22–26% Early West Eurasian [Kostenki14-like](/source/Kostenki-14) ancestry. The Salkhit individual displayed a complex relationship to [Ancient North Eurasians](/source/Ancient_North_Eurasians).[5]

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** ["Resident Population in Mongolia, by Bag/Khoroo"](https://www2.1212.mn/tablesdata1212.aspx?tbl_id=dt_nso_0300_004v5&ln=en). *Mongolian Statistical Information Service*. Retrieved 28 February 2025.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Coppens_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Coppens_2-1) Coppens, Yves; Tseveendorg, Damdinsuren; Demeter, Fabrice; Turbat, Tsagaan; Giscard, Pierre-Henri (February 2008). ["Discovery of an archaic *Homo sapiens* skullcap in Northeast Mongolia"](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1631068307001650). *Comptes Rendus Palevol*. **7** (1): 51–60. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/j.crpv.2007.12.004](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.crpv.2007.12.004). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20230205025855/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1631068307001650) from the original on 5 February 2023. Retrieved 4 February 2023.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** Lee, SH (2015). ["Homo erectus in Salkhit, Mongolia?"](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jchb.2015.02.002). *Homo*. **66** (4): 287–98. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/j.jchb.2015.02.002](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jchb.2015.02.002). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [25813423](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25813423).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Thibaut_4-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Thibaut_4-1) Thibaut, Devièse (January 2019). ["Compound-specific radiocarbon dating and mitochondrial DNA analysis of the Pleistocene hominin from Salkhit Mongolia"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6353915). *Nature Communications*. **10** (1): 274. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1038/s41467-018-08018-8](https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41467-018-08018-8). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [6353915](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6353915). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [30700710](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30700710).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** Massilani, Diyendo; Skov, Laurits; Hajdinjak, Mateja; Gunchinsuren, Byambaa; Tseveendorj, Damdinsuren; Yi, Seonbok; Lee, Jungeun; Nagel, Sarah; Nickel, Birgit; Devièse, Thibaut; Higham, Tom; Meyer, Matthias; Kelso, Janet; Peter, Benjamin M.; Pääbo, Svante (30 October 2020). ["Denisovan ancestry and population history of early East Asians"](https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abc1166). *Science*. **370** (6516): 579–583. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1126/science.abc1166](https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.abc1166). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0036-8075](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0036-8075).

[49°12′00″N 105°52′12″E / 49.20000°N 105.87000°E / 49.20000; 105.87000](https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Salkhit&params=49_12_00_N_105_52_12_E_region:MN_type:city)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Salkhit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salkhit) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salkhit?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.