# Russian romance
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{{Short description|Type of sentimental sung poetry developed in Imperial Russia}}
[[File:With guitar (S.A. Kropotkina) by Surikov (1882).jpg|thumb|[Vasily Surikov](/source/Vasily_Surikov), "With a Guitar". Portrait of Princess S. A. Kropotkina, 1882[[https://museumsworld.ru/surikov/t82gitar.html В.И.Суриков С гитарой]]]]
{{Russian music}}
'''Russian romance''' ({{langx|ru|рома́нс}} ''románs'') is a type of sentimental [art song](/source/art_song)s that was developed in the [Russian Empire](/source/Russian_Empire) in 19th century.[Malcolm Hamrick Brown, [https://publish.iupress.indiana.edu/read/art-and-culture-in-nineteenth-century-russia/section/37efe3f4-871b-4c75-abe3-febdbf611d2a "Native Song and National Consciousness in Nineteenth-Century Russian Music"], In: ''Art and Culture in Nineteenth-Century Russia'' (ed. Theofanis George Stavrou). Indiana University Press, 1983. {{ISBN|9780253310514}}. Page 75.]
==History==
By the early 20th century, several types of the Russian romance had emerged. An elite type of the Italianate opera-influenced song known as the "salon romance" is contrasted to the lower-class genre of "cruel romance" which features "sentimental courtship, illicit love, pained rejection, and often suicide".[''Entertaining Tsarist Russia: Tales, Songs, Plays, Movies, Jokes, Ads, and Images from Russian Urban Life, 1779–1917''. Indiana University Press, 1998. {{ISBN|9780253211958}}. Page xxii.] The latter is supposed to have given birth to the [Russian chanson](/source/Russian_chanson).
The Russian romance had its heyday in the 1910s and 1920s when the top performers included [Anastasia Vyaltseva](/source/Anastasia_Vyaltseva), [Varvara Panina](/source/Varvara_Panina), [Nadezhda Plevitskaya](/source/Nadezhda_Plevitskaya), [Tamara Tsereteli](/source/Tamara_Tsereteli), [Pyotr Leshchenko](/source/Pyotr_Leshchenko), and [Alexander Vertinsky](/source/Alexander_Vertinsky).[ Notable composers in the style include [Nikolai Titov](/source/Nikolai_Titov) (1800-1875), [Alexander Alyabyev](/source/Alexander_Alyabyev) (1787–1851), [Alexander Varlamov](/source/Alexander_Egorovich_Varlamov) (1801–48), and [Alexander Gurilyov](/source/Alexander_Gurilyov) (1803–58).][ In the early [Soviet era](/source/Soviet_Union) the genre was less favoured, as it was seen as a vestige of the pre-revolutionary "decadent and bourgeois" sensibility through much of the 20th century.][David MacFadyen. ''Songs for Fat People: Affect, Emotion, and Celebrity in the Russian Popular Song, 1900–1955''. McGill-Queens University Press, 2002. {{ISBN|9780773524415}}. Page 13.]
A new generation of singers, such as [Valentina Ponomaryova](/source/Valentina_Ponomaryova_(singer)) and [Nani Bregvadze](/source/Nani_Bregvadze), emerged in the 1970s. Several vocalists from the pre-WWII era, including [Izabella Yurieva](/source/Izabella_Yurieva) (1899–2000), [Vadim Kozin](/source/Vadim_Kozin) (1903–1994) and [Alla Bayanova](/source/Alla_Bayanova) (1914–2011), also returned to prominence in the late Soviet years. [Alexander Malinin](/source/Alexander_Malinin), [Sergey Zakharov](/source/Sergei_Georgievich_Zakharov) and [Oleg Pogudin](/source/Oleg_Pogudin) are among the Russian romance singers active in the 21st century. In 1994, . [Alexander Malinin](/source/Alexander_Malinin) received the World Music Award as best selling Russian artist.[{{Cite journal|last=Smith|first=Michael|date=June 2003|title=Stalin's Martyrs: The Tragic Romance of the Russian Revolution|url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14690760412331326098|journal=Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions|language=en|volume=4|issue=1|pages=95–126|doi=10.1080/14690760412331326098|s2cid=145514181 |issn=1469-0764|url-access=subscription}}]
[César Cui](/source/C%C3%A9sar_Cui)'s 1895 book ''Russian Art Song: A Study of Its Development'' was translated in J.R. Walker’s ''Classical Essays on the Development of Russian Art Songs'' (Northfield, MN, 1993).
== Notable songs ==
* ''[Black Eyes](/source/Dark_Eyes_(Russian_song))''
* ''[Shine, Shine, My Star](/source/Shine%2C_Shine%2C_My_Star)''
* ''[Дорогой длинною](/source/%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8E)/[Those Were the Days](/source/Those_Were_the_Days_(song))/[Along the Long Road](/source/Those_Were_the_Days_(song))''
* ''[Evening Bell](/source/Evening_Bell_(song))''
* ''[Les Chrysanthemes](/source/Les_Chrysanthemes)''
== See also ==
* [Starogradska muzika](/source/Starogradska_muzika)
== References ==
{{reflist}}
== External links ==
*[http://www.russianartsong.com/ Russian composers and singer-songwriters of 19th century (English)], an educational site
*[http://gendelev52.wordpress.com/ Synthesis of poetry and music (Russian)], a site dedicated to Russian romance
Category:Russian styles of music
Category:Song forms
Category:Art songs
Category:Romance (music)
Category:Russian songs
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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Russian romance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_romance) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_romance?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.