# Rudolf Beran

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Czech politician

Rudolf Beran Prime Minister of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia In office 16 March 1939 – 27 April 1939 President Emil Hácha Preceded by Position established Succeeded by Alois Eliáš Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia In office 1 December 1938 – 15 March 1939 President Emil Hácha Preceded by Jan Syrový Succeeded by Jan Šrámek (in exile) Personal details Born (1887-12-28)28 December 1887 Pracejovice, Austria-Hungary Died 23 April 1954(1954-04-23) (aged 66) Leopoldov Prison, Czechoslovakia Party Agrarian Party Party of National Unity National Partnership Spouse Marie Pilařová

**Rudolf Beran** (28 December 1887 – 23 April 1954) was a Czech politician who served as [Prime Minister](/source/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Czechoslovakia) of the [Second Czechoslovak Republic](/source/Second_Czechoslovak_Republic) and [Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia](/source/Protectorate_of_Bohemia_and_Moravia) from 1938 to 1939. After [World War II](/source/World_War_II) he was convicted for [collaborating](/source/Collaboration_with_Nazi_Germany_and_Fascist_Italy) with [Nazi Germany](/source/Nazi_Germany) and died in prison.

## Early life

Rudolf Beran was born in [Pracejovice](/source/Pracejovice), [Austria-Hungary](/source/Austria-Hungary), on 28 December 1887.[1]

## Career

Beran was the leader of the [Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants](/source/Republican_Party_of_Farmers_and_Peasants).[2]

President [Emil Hácha](/source/Emil_H%C3%A1cha) appointed Beran as [prime minister](/source/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Czechoslovakia) on 30 November 1938, and he formed his cabinet on 1 December. Beran dismissed his entire cabinet, except for two members, on 9 March 1939.[3]

On 14 December 1938, Beran stated that he would "[solve the Jewish problem](/source/The_Holocaust)".[4] He proposed creating [labor camps](/source/Labor_camp) for [Romani people](/source/Romani_people) and other groups on 6 February 1939, and the first labor camps were approved by his cabinet on 2 March.[5]

The country was [occupied](/source/Occupation_of_Czechoslovakia_(1938%E2%80%931945)) by Nazi Germany, which created the [Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia](/source/Protectorate_of_Bohemia_and_Moravia).[6] [Alois Eliáš](/source/Alois_Eli%C3%A1%C5%A1) succeeded Beran as prime minister on 28 April.[7] Beran was arrested in May 1941 by the Germans and spent years in various concentration camps. While he was in custody of the Gestapo in Prague, he had to answer several written questions submitted to him by [K. H. Frank](/source/Karl_Hermann_Frank), Hitler's *Staatsminister* of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia.[8]

## Death and legacy

Beran was convicted for his collaboration with the Nazis[9] and sentenced to twenty years in prison.[10] He died at the [Leopoldov Prison](/source/Leopoldov_Prison) on 24 April 1954.[11][9] In 2022, the [High Court](/source/Judiciary_of_the_Czech_Republic) in Prague reopened the case against Beran and [Jan Syrový](/source/Jan_Syrov%C3%BD) for review.[10]

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrockhaus_Enzyklopädie_1-0)** [Brockhaus Enzyklopädie](#CITEREFBrockhaus_Enzyklopädie).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERich197434_2-0)** [Rich 1974](#CITEREFRich1974), p. 34.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKerner1949472_3-0)** [Kerner 1949](#CITEREFKerner1949), p. 472.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECzechoslovakia_Aims_to_Solve_Jewish_Problem,_“premier_Beran_States1938_4-0)** [Czechoslovakia Aims to Solve Jewish Problem, “premier Beran States 1938](#CITEREFCzechoslovakia_Aims_to_Solve_Jewish_Problem,_“premier_Beran_States1938).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAsiedu2007_5-0)** [Asiedu 2007](#CITEREFAsiedu2007).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKerner1949472–473_6-0)** [Kerner 1949](#CITEREFKerner1949), pp. 472–473.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELincoln_Journal_Star1939_7-0)** [Lincoln Journal Star 1939](#CITEREFLincoln_Journal_Star1939).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Lukes, Igor (1993). ["Stalin and Beneš at the End of September 1938: New Evidence from the Prague Archives"](https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/slavic-review/article/abs/stalin-and-benes-at-the-end-of-september-1938-new-evidence-from-the-prague-archives/81749BB21A7E0080626E2AC9AF37B2B4). *Slavic Review*. **52** (1): 28–48. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.2307/2499583](https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2499583). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0037-6779](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0037-6779). [JSTOR](/source/JSTOR_(identifier)) [2499583](https://www.jstor.org/stable/2499583). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [163953051](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:163953051).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETime1954_9-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETime1954_9-1) [Time 1954](#CITEREFTime1954).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcEnchroe2022_10-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcEnchroe2022_10-1) [McEnchroe 2022](#CITEREFMcEnchroe2022).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMontreal_Star1954_11-0)** [Montreal Star 1954](#CITEREFMontreal_Star1954).

## Works cited

### Books

- Kerner, Robert, ed. (1949). [*Czechoslovakia*](https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.175847). [University of California Press](/source/University_of_California_Press).

- Rich, Norman (1974). [*Hitler's War Aims: The Establishment of the New Order*](https://archive.org/details/hitlerswaraims0000rich). [W. W. Norton & Company](/source/W._W._Norton_%26_Company). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0393055094](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0393055094).

### Magazines

- ["Milestones"](https://time.com/archive/6825985/milestones-may-3-1954/). *[Time](/source/Time_(magazine))*. [Time Inc.](/source/Time_Inc.) 3 May 1954. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20250626161829/https://time.com/archive/6825985/milestones-may-3-1954/) from the original on 26 June 2025.

### News

- ["Czechoslovakia Aims to Solve Jewish Problem, "premier Beran States"](https://www.jta.org/archive/czechoslovakia-aims-to-solve-jewish-problem-premier-beran-states). *[Jewish Telegraphic Agency](/source/Jewish_Telegraphic_Agency)*. 14 December 1938. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20250626161414/https://www.jta.org/archive/czechoslovakia-aims-to-solve-jewish-problem-premier-beran-states) from the original on 26 June 2025.

- Asiedu, Dita (20 April 2007). ["Ghetto No. 1: new Czech film documents life at country's biggest Roma ghetto"](https://english.radio.cz/ghetto-no-1-new-czech-film-documents-life-countrys-biggest-roma-ghetto-8608770). *[Radio Prague](/source/Radio_Prague)*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20250626161412/https://english.radio.cz/ghetto-no-1-new-czech-film-documents-life-countrys-biggest-roma-ghetto-8608770) from the original on 26 June 2025.

- McEnchroe, Thomas (4 April 2022). ["Court reopens treason case against Czechoslovakia's Munich-era prime minister"](https://english.radio.cz/court-reopens-treason-case-against-czechoslovakias-munich-era-prime-minister-8749527). *[Radio Prague](/source/Radio_Prague)*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20250626161400/https://english.radio.cz/court-reopens-treason-case-against-czechoslovakias-munich-era-prime-minister-8749527) from the original on 26 June 2025.

### Newspapers

- ["Former Czech Premier Nazi Collaborator, Dies"](https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-montreal-star/175334232/). *[Montreal Star](/source/Montreal_Star)*. 24 April 1954. p. 41 – via [Newspapers.com](/source/Newspapers.com).

- ["Gets Bohemia Post"](https://www.newspapers.com/article/lincoln-journal-star/175334627/). *[Lincoln Journal Star](/source/Lincoln_Journal_Star)*. 28 April 1939. p. 14 – via [Newspapers.com](/source/Newspapers.com).

### Web

- ["Rudolf Beran"](https://brockhaus.de/ecs/enzy/article/beran-rudolf). [Brockhaus Enzyklopädie](/source/Brockhaus_Enzyklop%C3%A4die). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20250626165954/https://brockhaus.de/ecs/enzy/article/beran-rudolf) from the original on 26 June 2025.

## External links

- [Members of Beran's government before occupation, 1.12.1938 - 15.3.1939](https://web.archive.org/web/20080317183049/http://zivotopisyonline.cz/ceskoslovenska-vlada-beranova-1938-1939-clenove.php) at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) (archived March 17, 2008) (in Czech)

- [Members of Beran's government after the occupation, 16.3.1939 - 27.4.1939](https://web.archive.org/web/20080526131852/http://zivotopisyonline.cz/protektoratni-vlada-1939-clenove.php) at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) (archived May 26, 2008) (in Czech)

- [Newspaper clippings about Rudolf Beran](https://purl.org/pressemappe20/folder/pe/001496) in the [20th Century Press Archives](/source/20th_Century_Press_Archives) of the [ZBW](/source/German_National_Library_of_Economics)

- [https://kulisek-spisovatel.webnode.cz/politikadruherepubliky/](https://kulisek-spisovatel.webnode.cz/politikadruherepubliky/)

v t e Prime ministers of Czechoslovakia First Czechoslovak Republic Karel Kramář Vlastimil Tusar Jan Černý Edvard Beneš Antonín Švehla Jan Černý Antonín Švehla František Udržal Jan Malypetr Milan Hodža Jan Syrový Second Czechoslovak Republic Jan Syrový Rudolf Beran German occupation Protectorate Rudolf Beran (acting) Alois Eliáš Jaroslav Krejčí Richard Bienert First Slovak Republic Jozef Tiso Vojtech Tuka Štefan Tiso Government-in-exile Jan Šrámek Third Czechoslovak Republic Zdeněk Fierlinger Klement Gottwald Czechoslovak Socialist Republic Antonín Zápotocký Viliam Široký Jozef Lenárt Oldřich Černík Lubomír Štrougal Ladislav Adamec Czech and Slovak Federative Republic Marián Čalfa Jan Stráský

v t e Political office-holders in the Nazi German Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia Government of the Protectorate State President Emil Hácha Prime Ministers Rudolf Beran* Alois Eliáš Jaroslav Krejčí Richard Bienert German representatives Supreme Commander of the Wehrmacht Johannes Blaskowitz Reich Protectors Konstantin von Neurath Reinhard Heydrich* Kurt Daluege* Wilhelm Frick State Minister Karl Hermann Frank *Acting

Authority control databases International ISNI VIAF GND FAST WorldCat National United States France BnF data Czech Republic Other IdRef Yale LUX

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Rudolf Beran](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Beran) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Beran?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.