# Rubizhne
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> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Rubizhne.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubizhne
> Source revision: 1328028704
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{{short description|City in Luhansk Oblast, Ukraine}}
{{For|the village in Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine|Rubizhne, Chuhuiv Raion}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name = Rubizhne
| native_name = {{lang|uk|Рубіжне|italics=no}}
| settlement_type = [City](/source/City_status_in_Ukraine)
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage|position=center
| photo1a = Rubizhne panorama.jpg
| photo2a = Братська могила воїнів Рубіжне 1.jpg
| photo2b = Holy Assumption churchl, Rubizhne (3).JPG
| photo3a = South church, Rubizhne (1).JPG
| photo3b = South palace of culture, Rubizhne (3).JPG
| size = 250
| spacing = 2
| color = #FFFFFF
| border = 0
}}
| imagesize =
| image_caption =
| image_flag = Rubeznoe.png
| image_shield = Coat of arms Rubizhne.svg
| nickname =
| motto =
| image_map =
| mapsize =
| map_caption =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Ukraine}}
| subdivision_type1 = [Oblast](/source/Oblasts_of_Ukraine)
| subdivision_name1 = [Luhansk Oblast](/source/Luhansk_Oblast)
| subdivision_type3 = [Hromada](/source/Hromada)
| subdivision_name3 = [Rubizhne urban hromada](/source/Rubizhne_urban_hromada)
| established_title = Founded
| established_date = 1896
| established_title1 = City status
| established_date1 = 1934
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| area_magnitude =
| area_total_km2 =
| area_water_km2 =
| population_as_of = 2022
| population_note =
| population_total = 55247
| population_footnotes =
| population_metro =
| population_density_km2 =
| pushpin_map = Ukraine Luhansk Oblast#Ukraine
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_caption = Location of Rubizhne in the Luhansk Oblast##Location of Rubizhne in Ukraine
| pushpin_mapsize =
| coordinates = {{coord|49|00|36|N|38|22|17|E|region:UA|display=inline,title}}
| elevation_m = 74
| postal_code_type =
| postal_code =
| area_code =
| blank_name = [Climate](/source/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification)
| blank_info = [Dfb](/source/Humid_continental_climate)
| website = https://agr-lnr.ru/
| footnotes =
| pushpin_relief = y
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-zoom = 12
| mapframe-wikidata = yes
| subdivision_type2 = [Raion](/source/Raions_of_Ukraine)
| subdivision_name2 = [Sievierodonetsk Raion](/source/Sievierodonetsk_Raion)
}}
thumb|Railway station
'''Rubizhne''' ({{langx|uk|Рубіжне}}, {{IPA|uk|rʊˈbiʒne|IPA|Uk-Рубіжне.ogg}}; {{langx|ru|Рубежное|Rubezhnoye}}, {{IPA|ru|rʊˈbʲeʐnəjə|IPA}}) is a city in [Luhansk Oblast](/source/Luhansk_Oblast), in the [Donbas](/source/Donbas) region of eastern [Ukraine](/source/Ukraine). Situated on the left bank of the [Donets River](/source/Donets) near the cities of [Sievierodonetsk](/source/Sievierodonetsk) and [Lysychansk](/source/Lysychansk). Prior to 2020, it was a [city of oblast significance](/source/city_of_regional_significance_(Ukraine)), before the designation was abolished.
In 2014, at the start of the [war in Donbas](/source/war_in_Donbas), Rubizhne was contested between Ukrainian and pro-Russian separatist forces. From mid-2014 until early 2022, the city was under control of Ukrainian forces. From early 2022 it has been under [Russia](/source/Russia)n control following their victory in the [Battle of Rubizhne](/source/Battle_of_Rubizhne). Russia claimed Rubizhne as part of their [Luhansk People's Republic](/source/Luhansk_People's_Republic) since its [annexation of the region](/source/Russian_annexation_of_Donetsk%2C_Kherson%2C_Luhansk_and_Zaporizhzhia_oblasts) in September 2022.
The city had an estimated population of {{Ua-pop-est2022|56,247|showyear=false|,}} as of January 2022, its current population is unknown.{{Citation needed|date=December 2023}}
== History ==
Rubizhne was founded in 1895 and incorporated as a city in 1934. The city started growing from a railway station built in 1904. A local newspaper is published in the city since March 1931.[№ 2908. Ленинский призыв // Летопись периодических и продолжающихся изданий СССР 1986 - 1990. Часть 2. Газеты. М., «Книжная палата», 1994. стр.381-382 (''tr "No. 2908. Lenin's appeal // Chronicle of periodicals and continuing publications of the USSR 1986 - 1990. Part 2. Newspapers. M., "Book Chamber", 1994. pp. 381-382"'')]
During [World War II](/source/World_War_II), in 1942–1943, the German occupiers operated a Nazi prison in the town.[{{cite web|url=https://www.bundesarchiv.de/zwangsarbeit/haftstaetten/index.php?action=2.2&tab=7&id=788 |title=Gefängnis Rubižne |trans-title=Rubizne Prison |website=Bundesarchiv.de|access-date=9 April 2022|language=de}}]
At the outbreak of the [war in Donbas](/source/War_in_Donbas_(2014%E2%80%932022)) in mid-April 2014, [pro-Russian forces](/source/2014_pro-Russian_conflict_in_Ukraine) captured several towns in Luhansk Oblast,[{{cite magazine|url=https://newrepublic.com/article/117387/putin-accidentally-helping-unite-eastern-and-western-ukraine|title=Vladimir Putin Is Accidentally Bringing Eastern and Western Ukraine Together|magazine=The New Republic|date=16 April 2014|access-date=12 April 2018|last1=Ragozin|first1=Leonid}}][{{Cite web|url=http://en.itar-tass.com/world/735082|title=Donbass defenders put WWII tank back into service}}] including Rubizhne. On 21 July 2014, Ukrainian forces secured the city from the militants.[{{cite web|url=http://en.apa.az/xeber_ukrainian_troops_take_control_of_three_s_214217.html|title=Ukrainian troops take control of three settlements in Donetsk region|first=APA Information Agency, APA|last=Holding|website=apa.az|access-date=12 April 2018}}][{{cite web |url=http://espreso.tv/news/2014/08/16/u_zvilnenomu_rubizhnomu_pidnyaly_vosmymetrovyy_prapor_ukrayiny|title=In his eight freed Rubezhnoye raised the flag of Ukraine|publisher=[Espreso TV](/source/Espreso_TV)|language=uk |access-date=2014-08-16}}]
=== 2022 Russian invasion ===
{{Main|Battle of Rubizhne}}
250px|thumb|right|Destroyed Rubizhne after the battle in 2022.
During the [2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine](/source/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine), within the [Eastern Ukraine offensive](/source/Eastern_Ukraine_offensive), Rubizhne came under heavy shelling from the [Russian military](/source/Russian_military). Some of the most intense strikes occurred late in March 2022, which destroyed dozens of buildings and caused civilian casualties.[{{cite news |title=Rubizhne under shelling by Russian troops: four people killed, 10 civilians wounded over past day |url=https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ato/3432682-rubizhne-under-shelling-by-russian-troops-four-people-killed-10-civilians-wounded-over-past-day.html |access-date=1 April 2022 |agency=Ukrinform |issue=17 March 2022 |language=en}}] An attack on a [nitric acid](/source/nitric_acid) facility in Rubizhne was reported on 9 April 2022.[[https://m.dw.com/en/ukraine-boris-johnson-in-kyiv-meeting-with-zelenskyy-as-it-happened/a-61416598 Ukraine: Boris Johnson in Kyiv meeting with Zelenskyy — as it happened] 9 April 2022 ''dw.com'' accessed 10 April 2022]
During the [battle of Donbas](/source/Battle_of_Donbas_(2022)), on 21 April, Russia reportedly captured the city, although Ukraine denied that.[{{Cite web | url=https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ato/3463507-haidai-refutes-russias-fake-report-on-seizing-rubizhne.html | title=Haidai refutes Russia's fake report on seizing Rubizhne | date=21 April 2022 }}][{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2022-04-21 |title=World War II Soviet victory flag begins to appear across parts of Russian-occupied Ukraine |url=https://edition.cnn.com/europe/live-news/ukraine-russia-putin-news-04-21-22#h_de5b5ad30159ad3d5d975d5707765b90 |access-date=2022-04-24 |website=CNN |language=en}}] [Ramzan Kadyrov](/source/Ramzan_Kadyrov), the president of [Chechnya](/source/Chechnya), then stated that Russia had "liberated" the city on 25 April.[{{Cite web |last=Новости |first=Р. И. А. |date=2022-04-25 |title=День 61-й: освобождение города Рубежное и сорванная эвакуация с "Азовстали" |url=https://ria.ru/20220425/spetsoperatsiya-1785420563.html |access-date=2022-04-30 |website=РИА Новости |language=ru}}][{{Cite web |last=Яковенко |first=Яна |date=2022-04-25 |title=Кадыров сообщил о полном освобождении города Рубежное |url=https://iz.ru/1325985/2022-04-25/kadyrov-soobshchil-o-polnom-osvobozhdenii-goroda-rubezhnoe |access-date=2022-04-30 |website=Известия |language=ru}}]
On 12 May, it was reported that Ukrainian forces had fully retreated from the settlement to take up new defensive positions near Sievierodonetsk and had destroyed a bridge in order to slow the Russian advance.[{{cite web|url=https://edition.cnn.com/europe/live-news/russia-ukraine-war-news-05-13-22#h_67faa3f08da188441de767341e390737 |title=Ukrainian forces lose foothold in eastern town|work=CNN|date=13 May 2022}}]
Ukrainian forces were then forced from Sieverodonetsk in July 2022. Rubizhne remains under Russian control, as of December 2023.
==Demographics==
Rubizhne had 65,322 inhabitants in the [Ukrainian Census of 2001](/source/Ukrainian_Census_(2001)).[{{cite web|url=http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua |title=Офіційна сторінка Всеукраїнського перепису населення |trans-title=Official page of the All-Ukrainian census |website=www.ukrcensus.gov.ua|access-date=12 April 2018}}] The city's population declined to 59,951 by 1 January 2014.
The ethnic composition according to the [Ukrainian Census of 2001](/source/Ukrainian_Census_(2001)):[{{cite web | url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CR%5CU%5CRubizhne.htm | title=Entry Display Web Page }}][{{Cite web | title=Îô³ö³éíà ñòîð³íêà Âñåóêðà¿íñüêîãî ïåðåïèñó íàñåëåííÿ | url=http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua/ | access-date=2025-02-12 | website=www.ukrcensus.gov.ua}}][{{cite web | url=https://datatowel.in.ua/pop-composition/ethnic-cities | title=Національний склад міст }}]
{{bar box|title=Ethnic groups in Rubizhne|titlebar=#ddd|left1=|right1=percent|bars={{bar percent|[Ukrainians](/source/Ukrainians)|dodgerblue|66.34}}
{{bar percent|[Russians](/source/Russians_in_Ukraine)|purple|31.34}}
{{bar percent|[Belarusians](/source/Belarusians_in_Ukraine)|red|0.74}}
{{bar percent|[Armenians](/source/Armenians)|brown|0.38}}
{{bar percent|[Tatars](/source/Tatars)|olive|0.11}}
{{bar percent|[Moldovans](/source/Moldovans)|pink|0.09}}
{{bar percent|[Azerbaijanis](/source/Azerbaijanis)|green|0.09}}
{{bar percent|[Ashkenazi Jews](/source/Ashkenazi_Jews)|black|0.07}}
{{bar percent|[Poles](/source/Polish_people)|yellow|0.06}}
{{bar percent|[Georgians](/source/Georgians)|lightgreen|0.05}}}}
==Economy==
Prior to the 2022 war, Rubizhne was known for its chemical and pharmaceutical plants and factories. The headquarters of "Microkhim", the largest Ukrainian producer of substances and medicines for [cardiology](/source/cardiology),[{{cite web |url=http://www.microkhim.com.ua/history-en |title=Microkhim History |work=microkhim.com.ua |access-date=2010-05-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100901032037/http://www.microkhim.com.ua/history-en|archive-date=2010-09-01}}] was situated in Rubizhne. One of Ukraine's biggest plastic pipe plants, {{ill|Rubezhnoye Pipe Plant|uk|Рубіжанський трубний завод|ru|Рубежанский трубный завод}}, is also located in the town.{{citation needed|date=September 2022}}
==Notable people==
Rubizhne is the town of birth of MMA Heavyweight Champion [Fedor Emelianenko](/source/Fedor_Emelianenko), and Olympic champion in fencing [Vladimir Smirnov](/source/Vladimir_Viktorovich_Smirnov).{{citation needed|date=September 2022}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
* [http://rubizhne.lg.ua/ Official site of Rubizhne city council]
{{Luhansk Oblast}}
{{2014 pro-Russian conflict in Ukraine}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Portal bar||Ukraine|Geography|}}
Category:Cities in Luhansk Oblast
Category:Sievierodonetsk Raion
Category:Populated places destroyed during the Russian invasion of Ukraine
Category:Yekaterinoslav Governorate
Category:Donets
Category:Populated places established in the Russian Empire
Category:Populated places established in 1895
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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Rubizhne](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubizhne) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubizhne?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.