# Roshan Cools

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**Roshan Cools** (born 10 June 1975) is a professor of [Cognitive Neuropsychiatry](/source/Cognitive_neuropsychiatry) at [Radboud University Nijmegen](/source/Radboud_University_Nijmegen).[1] She is interested in the motivational and cognitive control of human behaviour and how it is impacted by [neuromodulation](/source/Neuromodulation). She was elected to the [Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences](/source/Royal_Netherlands_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences) in 2018.

## Early life and education

Cools was born in the [Netherlands](/source/Netherlands). Her father was a brain scientist and she recalls conversations about the brain and dopamine at the dinner table.[2] Cools studied neuropsychology at the [University of Groningen](/source/University_of_Groningen). She graduated [cum laude](/source/Cum_laude) in 1998 and moved to the [United Kingdom](/source/United_Kingdom). Cools worked with [Trevor Robbins](/source/Trevor_Robbins) at the University of Cambridge on [Parkinson's disease](/source/Parkinson's_disease) for her PhD awarded in 2002.[3]

## Career and research

After earning her doctoral degree she worked as a Junior Research fellow and [Royal Society](/source/Royal_Society) Dorothy Hodgkin Fellow at [St John's College, Cambridge](/source/St_John's_College,_Cambridge). She moved to the [University of California, Berkeley](/source/University_of_California,_Berkeley), where she spent two years as a [postdoctoral](/source/Postdoctoral) fellow with [Mark D'Esposito](/source/Mark_D'Esposito).[4] She won a [Royal Society University Research Fellowship](/source/Royal_Society_University_Research_Fellowship) which was based at the University of Cambridge.

In 2007 Cools moved back to the [Netherlands](/source/Netherlands), where she worked in the Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging in the Donders Institute for Brain. At the [Radboud University Nijmegen](/source/Radboud_University_Nijmegen) Cools leads the Motivational and Cognitive Control Lab.[5] She was promoted to Full Professor in 2011. She studies the role of [neuromodulators](/source/Neuromodulation) ([dopamine](/source/Dopamine) and [serotonin](/source/Serotonin)) in the control of decision making.[6][7] She showed that the genes associated with dopamine impact how we learn from the long-term consequences of decisions, whilst [serotonin](/source/Serotonin) is more strongly associated with short-term choices.[8] She has also shown that people who gamble have increased levels of dopamine in their brains, whilst people who are addicted to drugs have average or lower than normal levels of dopamine.[9]

She used her expertise in decision making to show that dominant individuals are avid social learners; whilst they value their independence, they rely on social learning in complex decision making tasks.[10] She is interested in advancing understanding of [neuropsychiatric](/source/Neuropsychiatry) disorders, including [impulse control disorder](/source/Impulse_control_disorder), [Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder](/source/Attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder) ([ADHD](/source/Attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder)) and [Parkinson's disease](/source/Parkinson's_disease).[6] She demonstrated that people suffering from [schizophrenia](/source/Schizophrenia) have motivation deficits from very early stages of their diagnoses, which are unrelated to their treatments.[11]

Cools is interested in the mechanisms by which we exert willpower and what happens to willpower in people with [ADHD](/source/ADHD).[12][13] She believes that the goals that are characteristic of human behaviour can be classified as motivational (i.e. maximise reward) and cognitive (i.e. complete task). Her research considers the interactions between motivational and cognitive control.[13] Cools demonstrated that the neural networks of [psychopathic](/source/Psychopathy) criminals are different to that or normal people, with a strong focus on [reward](/source/Reward_system) and a lack of [self-control](/source/Self-control).[14]

She was appointed to the Advisory Council for Science and Technology Policy to the [Dutch government](/source/Dutch_government) in 2014.[15]

### Awards and honours

Her awards and honours include;

- 2012 James McDonnell Scholar Award[13]
- 2013 Elected Fellow of the [Association for Psychological Science](/source/Association_for_Psychological_Science)
- 2015 [Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research](/source/Netherlands_Organisation_for_Scientific_Research) Vici Award[16]
- 2016 Elected Member of the [Academia Europaea](/source/Academia_Europaea)[17]
- 2017 [Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences](/source/Royal_Netherlands_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences) Ammodo Award in Social Sciences[18]
- 2018 Elected Member of the [International Neuropsychological Society](/source/International_Neuropsychological_Society)
- 2018 Elected Member of the [Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences](/source/Royal_Netherlands_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences)[19][20]
- 2019 Elected to the [Faculty of 1000](/source/Faculty_of_1000)[6]

She delivered a [TED Talk](/source/Ted_Talk) at [Radboud University Nijmegen](/source/Radboud_University_Nijmegen) in 2013.[21]

### Selected publications

Her publications include;

- Cools, Roshan & D'Esposito, Mark (2011). "Inverted-U–shaped dopamine actions on human working memory and cognitive control". *Biological Psychiatry*. **69** (12): 113–125. [doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.03.028](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.03.028). [PMC 3111448](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3111448). [PMID 21531388](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21531388)
- Cools, Roshan (2006). "Dopaminergic modulation of cognitive function-implications for L-DOPA treatment in Parkinson's disease". *Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews*. **30** (1): 1–23. [doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2005.03.024](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2005.03.024). [PMID 15935475](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15935475). [S2CID 329869](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:329869)
- Cools, Roshan; Barker, Roger A.; Sahakian, Barbara J. (2001). "Enhanced or impaired cognitive function in Parkinson's disease as a function of dopaminergic medication and task demands". *Cerebral Cortex*. **11** (12): 1136–1143. [doi:10.1093/cercor/11.12.1136](https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/11.12.1136). [PMID 11709484](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11709484)

## References

1. ["224: Dr. Roshan Cools: Keeping the Big Picture in Mind Studying Motivational and Cognitive Control"](http://www.peoplebehindthescience.com/dr-roshan-cools/). *People Behind the Science Podcast*. 2015-02-25. Retrieved 2019-10-14.

1. Cools, Roshan (2002). ["Parkinson's disease as a model of dopamine-dependent fronto-striatal cognitive dysfunction"](https://idiscover.lib.cam.ac.uk/permalink/f/t9gok8/44CAM_ALMA21432567550003606) (PhD). *cam.ac.uk*. University of Cambridge. [OCLC 894596030](https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/894596030)

1. ["OHBM2019 Keynotes: Roshan Cools"](http://www.ohbmbrainmappingblog.com/1/post/2019/05/ohbm2019-keynotes-roshan-cools.html). *organization for human brain mapping*. Retrieved 2019-10-14.

1. ["Motivational & Cognitive Control"](http://www.roshancools.com/). *Motivational & Cognitive Control*. Retrieved 2019-10-14.

1. ["Roshan Cools | F1000 Faculty Member | F1000Prime"](https://f1000.com/prime/thefaculty/member/1047215). *f1000.com*. Retrieved 2019-10-14.

1. ["OHBM 2019 Keynote Interview: Q&A with Roshan Cools"](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ud_lWUsZouk), 27 May 2019, retrieved 2019-10-14

1. Executive & Careers (2013-11-25). ["A new look at the "carrot and stick" approach to motivation | Financial Post"](https://financialpost.com/executive/careers/a-new-look-at-the-carrot-and-stick-approach-to-motivation). *Financial Post*. Retrieved 2019-10-14.

1. Budding, Redactie Medicalfacts/ Janine (2017-08-29). ["Gokverslaving wezenlijk anders dan drugsverslaving"](https://www.medicalfacts.nl/2017/08/29/gokverslaving-wezenlijk-anders-dan-drugsverslaving/) (in Dutch). *MedicalFacts.nl*. Retrieved 2019-10-14.

1. ["Dominant people can be surprisingly social"](https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/11/141120123051.htm). *ScienceDaily*. Retrieved 2019-10-14.

1. ["Lack Of Motivation In Schizophrenia Linked To Brain Chemical Imbalance"](https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080508075216.htm). *ScienceDaily*. Retrieved 2019-10-14.

1. ["Roshan Cools - Language In Interaction"](https://www.languageininteraction.nl/Roshan_Cools.html). *www.languageininteraction.nl*. Retrieved 2019-10-14.

1. ["JSMF - Grant Archive - 2012 - Roshan Cools - Understanding motivation and cognition: Combining psychology and neuropharmacology - Understanding Human Cognition"](https://www.jsmf.org/grants/2012008/). *www.jsmf.org*. Retrieved 2019-10-14.

1. ["Brain network of psychopathic criminal functions differently"](https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/08/160805092210.htm). *ScienceDaily*. Retrieved 2019-10-14.

1. ["Featured Speakers - Organization for Human Brain Mapping"](https://www.humanbrainmapping.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageID=3885&activateFull=true). *www.humanbrainmapping.org*. Retrieved 2019-10-14.

1. ["Toekenningen Vici 2014"](https://www.nwo.nl/onderzoek-en-resultaten/programmas/vernieuwingsimpuls/toekenningen/alle+vici+toekenningen/Toekenningen+Vici+2014). *www.nwo.nl*. Retrieved 2019-10-14.

1. ["Roshan Cools"](https://www.ae-info.org/ae/Member/Cools_Roshan). Academia Europaea. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20190328121538/https://www.ae-info.org/ae/Member/Cools_Roshan) 28 March 2019 at the Wayback Machine.

1. ["Ammodo KNAW Awards for Roshan Cools, Olivier Hekster and Alicia Montoya"](https://www.ru.nl/socialsciences/vm-actueel/news-overview/more-news/2018-hermesdorf-awards-johan-oosterman-marijke/@1072579/ammodo-knaw-awards-roshan-cools-olivier-hekster/). *Faculty of Social Sciences*. Retrieved 2019-10-14.

1. ["Roshan Cools and Guillén Fernández new KNAW members"](https://www.ru.nl/donders/@1158596/roshan-cools-guillen-fernandez-new-knaw-members/). *Donders Institute*. Retrieved 2019-10-14.

1. ["Roshan Cools"](https://www.knaw.nl/en/members/members/14822). Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20200411171829/https://www.knaw.nl/en/members/members/14822) 11 April 2020 at the Wayback Machine.

1. ["Trusting Science: Roshan Cools at TEDxRadboudU 2013"](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0HA4IXIXJdU), 23 May 2013, retrieved 2019-10-14

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Roshan Cools](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roshan_Cools) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roshan_Cools?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.