# Rootletin

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Protein found in humans

CROCC Identifiers Aliases CROCC, ROLT, ciliary rootlet coiled-coil, rootletin, TAX1BP2 External IDs OMIM: 615776; MGI: 3529431; HomoloGene: 16811; GeneCards: CROCC; OMA:CROCC - orthologs Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human)[1] Band 1p36.13 Start 16,740,273 bp[1] End 16,972,964 bp[1] Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 4 (mouse)[2] Band 4|4 D3 Start 140,743,948 bp[2] End 140,787,861 bp[2] RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in right uterine tube sural nerve right hemisphere of cerebellum olfactory zone of nasal mucosa granulocyte apex of heart right ovary canal of the cervix left uterine tube body of uterus Top expressed in neural layer of retina superior frontal gyrus lens olfactory tubercle retinal pigment epithelium ventricular zone otic vesicle primary visual cortex subiculum epithelium of lens More reference expression data BioGPS n/a Gene ontology Molecular function structural molecule activity protein binding kinesin binding actin binding Cellular component centrosome photoreceptor inner segment plasma membrane ciliary rootlet actin cytoskeleton centriole extracellular exosome cytoskeleton cytoplasm cytosol microtubule organizing center cilium cell projection Biological process protein localization to organelle protein localization epithelial structure maintenance ciliary basal body organization establishment of organelle localization centriole-centriole cohesion cell projection organization cell cycle photoreceptor cell maintenance positive regulation of cilium assembly positive regulation of protein localization to cilium centrosome cycle Sources:Amigo / QuickGO Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 9696 230872 Ensembl ENSG00000058453 ENSMUSG00000040860 UniProt Q5TZA2 Q8CJ40 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_014675 NM_001145958 NM_172122 RefSeq (protein) NP_055490 NP_001139430 NP_742120 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 16.74 – 16.97 Mb Chr 4: 140.74 – 140.79 Mb PubMed search [3] [4] Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Protein family

Rootletin Identifiers Symbol Rootletin Pfam PF15035 Available protein structures: PDB PF15035 (ECOD; PDBsum) AlphaFold PF15035

**Rootletin,** also known as **ciliary rootlet coiled-coil protein** (CROCC) is a [protein](/source/Protein) in humans that is encoded by the *CROCC* [gene](/source/Gene).[5][6][7] Rootletin is a component of the [ciliary rootlet](/source/Ciliary_rootlet) and, together with [CEP68](/source/CEP68) and [CEP250](/source/CEP250), is required for centrosome cohesion.[8]

Rootletin is an important protein in the ciliary rootlet, particularly for the structure and is considered important protein in [mitosis](/source/Mitosis) as a [centrosome](/source/Centrosome) linker.

## Function

This protein forms part of the ciliary rootlet structure. It also contributes to the centrosome cohesion before mitosis.[9] Expression of rootletin leads to the formation of fibrous protein.

## Structure

This protein is part of the structure of a ciliary rootlet. This cytoskeletal-like structure starts from the basal body at one end of the cilium and extends towards the nucleus. Its molecular structure consists of a globular head domain and a tail domain made up of coiled-coil structures.[5]

## Protein interactions

A large coiled-coil protein, C-Nap1, is a docking site for the fibrous tether to proximal ends of centrioles which Rootletin physically interacts with. Furthermore, Rootletin is phosphorylated by Nek2 kinase.[10]

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-2) [GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000058453](http://May2017.archive.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?db=core;g=ENSG00000058453) – [Ensembl](/source/Ensembl_genome_database_project), May 2017

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-2) [GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000040860](http://May2017.archive.ensembl.org/Mus_musculus/Gene/Summary?db=core;g=ENSMUSG00000040860) – [Ensembl](/source/Ensembl_genome_database_project), May 2017

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["Human PubMed Reference:"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Link&LinkName=gene_pubmed&from_uid=9696). *National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["Mouse PubMed Reference:"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Link&LinkName=gene_pubmed&from_uid=230872). *National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine*.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-pmid12427867_5-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-pmid12427867_5-1) Yang J, Liu X, Yue G, Adamian M, Bulgakov O, Li T (Nov 2002). ["Rootletin, a novel coiled-coil protein, is a structural component of the ciliary rootlet"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2173070). *J Cell Biol*. **159** (3): 431–40. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1083/jcb.200207153](https://doi.org/10.1083%2Fjcb.200207153). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [2173070](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2173070). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [12427867](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12427867).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-pmid17971504_6-0)** McClintock TS, Glasser CE, Bose SC, Bergman DA (Jan 2008). ["Tissue expression patterns identify mouse cilia genes"](https://uknowledge.uky.edu/context/physiology_data/article/1002/type/native/viewcontent). *Physiol Genomics*. **32** (2): 198–206. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1152/physiolgenomics.00128.2007](https://doi.org/10.1152%2Fphysiolgenomics.00128.2007). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [17971504](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17971504).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-entrez_7-0)** ["Entrez Gene: CROCC ciliary rootlet coiled-coil, rootletin"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=9696).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-pmid18042621_8-0)** Graser S, Stierhof YD, Nigg EA (December 2007). ["Cep68 and Cep215 (Cdk5rap2) are required for centrosome cohesion"](https://doi.org/10.1242%2Fjcs.020248). *J. Cell Sci*. **120** (Pt 24): 4321–31. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1242/jcs.020248](https://doi.org/10.1242%2Fjcs.020248). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [18042621](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18042621).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-pmid16203858_9-0)** Bahe S, Stierhof YD, Wilkinson CJ, Leiss F, Nigg EA (October 2005). ["Rootletin forms centriole-associated filaments and functions in centrosome cohesion"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2171225). *J. Cell Biol*. **171** (1): 27–33. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1083/jcb.200504107](https://doi.org/10.1083%2Fjcb.200504107). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [2171225](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2171225). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [16203858](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16203858).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-pmid19576775_10-0)** Lim HH, Zhang T, Surana U (July 2009). "Regulation of centrosome separation in yeast and vertebrates: common threads". *Trends Cell Biol*. **19** (7): 325–33. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/j.tcb.2009.03.008](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.tcb.2009.03.008). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [19576775](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19576775).

## Further reading

- Ching YP, Chan SF, Jeang KT, Jin DY (2006). "The retroviral oncoprotein Tax targets the coiled-coil centrosomal protein TAX1BP2 to induce centrosome overduplication". *Nat. Cell Biol*. **8** (7): 717–24. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1038/ncb1432](https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fncb1432). [hdl](/source/Hdl_(identifier)):[10722/54244](https://hdl.handle.net/10722%2F54244). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [16767081](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16767081). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [10140583](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10140583).

- Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, et al. (2006). ["The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1"](https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature04727). *Nature*. **441** (7091): 315–21. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2006Natur.441..315G](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006Natur.441..315G). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1038/nature04727](https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature04727). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [16710414](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16710414).

- Andersen JS, Wilkinson CJ, Mayor T, et al. (2003). "Proteomic characterization of the human centrosome by protein correlation profiling". *Nature*. **426** (6966): 570–4. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2003Natur.426..570A](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003Natur.426..570A). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1038/nature02166](https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature02166). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [14654843](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14654843). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [4427303](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4427303).

- Behrends U, Schneider I, Rössler S, et al. (2003). ["Novel tumor antigens identified by autologous antibody screening of childhood medulloblastoma cDNA libraries"](https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fijc.11208). *Int. J. Cancer*. **106** (2): 244–51. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1002/ijc.11208](https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fijc.11208). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [12800201](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12800201).

- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). ["Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC139241). *Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A*. **99** (26): 16899–903. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2002PNAS...9916899M](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002PNAS...9916899M). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1073/pnas.242603899](https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.242603899). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [139241](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC139241). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [12477932](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12477932).

- Seki N, Ohira M, Nagase T, et al. (1998). ["Characterization of cDNA clones in size-fractionated cDNA libraries from human brain"](https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fdnares%2F4.5.345). *DNA Res*. **4** (5): 345–9. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1093/dnares/4.5.345](https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fdnares%2F4.5.345). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [9455484](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9455484).

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Rootletin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rootletin) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rootletin?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.