# Roland Carter

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For the African-American composer and conductor, see [Roland Carter (composer)](/source/Roland_Carter_(composer)).

**Roland Winzel Carter** (28 February 1892 – 2 July 1960) was an Indigenous Australian who was born in [Raukkan, South Australia](/source/Raukkan,_South_Australia), and was the first of the [Ngarrindjeri](/source/Ngarrindjeri) people to enlist in the [First Australian Imperial Force](/source/First_Australian_Imperial_Force) to fight in [World War I](/source/World_War_I).[1][2]

Carter was wounded and captured during combat at [Noreuil](/source/Noreuil#World_War_One) in northern France on 2 April 1917. He was initially held as a prisoner of war at [Zerbst](/source/Zerbst) in the [German Empire](/source/German_Empire) and later at the [Halbmondlager POW camp](/source/Halbmondlager) where he and [Douglas Grant](/source/Douglas_Grant) were the only Australian aboriginal soldiers in a camp intended principally for the holding of Moslem prisoners of war.[3]

Following the war, Carter was repatriated to [England](/source/England) and then to [South Australia](/source/South_Australia) where he returned to Raukkan where he lived until his death.

## References

1. ["Wartime magazine issue 76 | The Australian War Memorial"](https://www.awm.gov.au/wartime/76). *www.awm.gov.au*. Retrieved 2018-03-19.

1. ["Private Roland Winzel Carter"](https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P11026051). The Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 1 July 2019.

1. ["Photographs relating to 3069 David George Horwood 50th Battalion"](https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C2600967?image=1). The Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 2 July 2019.

## Further reading

- Adam, Mary-Clare & Sloggett, Robyn (19 February 2018). "Roland Carter and Leonhard Adam: Friendship in the Preservation of Ngarrindjeri Knowledge and Cultural Heritage". *Australian Historical Studies*. **49** (1): 44–62. [doi:10.1080/1031461X.2017.1418901](https://doi.org/10.1080/1031461X.2017.1418901). [S2CID 148852493](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:148852493)
- Monteath, Peter & Kearney, Sandra (2020-04-24). ["Roland Wenzel Carter"](https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/carter-roland-wenzel-29706). *Australian Dictionary of Biography*. Retrieved 2025-12-28.

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