# Robert Xavier Rodriguez > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Robert_Xavier_Rodriguez > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Robert_Xavier_Rodriguez.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Xavier_Rodriguez > Source revision: 1355491501 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) American classical composer (born 1946) For the American director, writer, producer, and musician, see [Robert Rodriguez](/source/Robert_Rodriguez). Robert Xavier Rodriguez Born (1946-06-28) June 28, 1946 (age 80) San Antonio, Texas Occupation classical composer **Robert Xavier Rodríguez** (born June 28, 1946) is an American [classical](/source/Classical_music) [composer](/source/Composer), best known for his eight [operas](/source/Operas) and his works for children. ## Life and career Rodríguez received his early musical education in his native San Antonio and in Austin ([University of Texas at Austin](/source/University_of_Texas_at_Austin)),[1] Los Angeles ([University of Southern California](/source/University_of_Southern_California)),[2] Lenox (Tanglewood), Fontainebleau ([Conservatoire Americain](/source/Fontainebleau_Schools)) and Paris. His teachers have included [Nadia Boulanger](/source/Nadia_Boulanger), [Jacob Druckman](/source/Jacob_Druckman), [Bruno Maderna](/source/Bruno_Maderna) and [Elliott Carter](/source/Elliott_Carter). Rodríguez first gained international recognition in 1971, when he was awarded the *Prix de Composition Musicale Prince Pierre de Monaco* by [Prince Rainier](/source/Prince_Rainier) and [Princess Grace](/source/Princess_Grace) at the [Palais Princier](/source/Palais_Princier) in Monte Carlo.[3] Other honors include the Prix [Lili Boulanger](/source/Lili_Boulanger),[4] a [Guggenheim Fellowship](/source/Guggenheim_Fellowship),[5] and the [Goddard Lieberson](/source/Goddard_Lieberson) Award from the [American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters](/source/American_Academy_and_Institute_of_Arts_and_Letters).[6] Rodríguez has served as Composer-in-Residence with the [San Antonio Symphony](/source/San_Antonio_Symphony) (1996–99) and the [Dallas Symphony](/source/Dallas_Symphony) (1982, Meet the Composer Orchestra Residency Program).[7] He currently holds the Endowed Chair of University Professor of Music at the [University of Texas at Dallas](/source/University_of_Texas_at_Dallas).[8] His music is published by [G. Schirmer](/source/G._Schirmer) and is recorded on the Newport, Crystal, Orion, Gasparo, Urtext, ACA Digital, CRI, First Edition, Naxos and Albany labels. Rodríguez’s music has been performed by conductors such as Sir [Neville Marriner](/source/Neville_Marriner), [Antal Dorati](/source/Antal_Dorati), [Eduardo Mata](/source/Eduardo_Mata), and [James DePriest](/source/James_DePriest). His works have received orchestral and operatic performances in recent seasons by various organizations, among which include the [Vienna Schauspielhaus](/source/Schauspielhaus_Wien), he National Opera of Mexico, the [New York City Opera](/source/New_York_City_Opera), The Toronto Radio Orchestra, The [Israel Philharmonic Orchestra](/source/Israel_Philharmonic_Orchestra), and many others. ## Works ### Opera, theater and dance - *[La Curandera](/source/La_Curandera)* (2006) - opera (Libretto: Mary Medrick) - *A Midsummer Night’s Dream* (2001) - Incidental Music (Text: Shakespeare) - *The Tempest* (2000) - Concert Dramatization (Text: Shakespeare) - *The Last Night of Don Juan* (2000) - Musical Play (Text: Murray Ross, after Rostand, Zorilla) - *Meta 4* (1994) - Ballet/String Quartet - *[Frida](/source/Frida_(opera))* (1991, rev. 93) - opera (Libretto: Hillary Blecher, [Migdalia Cruz](/source/Migdalia_Cruz)) - *The Old Majestic* (1988) - opera (Libretto: Mary Medrick) - *Monkey See, Monkey Do* (1986) - opera for children (Libretto: Mary Medrick) - *The Ransom of Red Chief* (1986) - opera for children (Libretto: Daniel Dibbern after O. Henry) - *Tango* (1985) - opera/theater piece (Text: Newsclippings) - *The Seven Deadly Sins* (1984) - Ballet /Wind Ensemble - *Suor Isabella* (1982) - opera (Libretto: Daniel Dibbern, after Boccaccio) - *Le Diable Amoureux* (1978) - opera (Frans Boerlage, after Cazotte) - *Favola Concertante* (1975, rev. 77) - ballet/ concerto for violin, cello and string orchestra ### Orchestra - *Fanfarria Son-Risa* (2014) - *De Rerum Natura* (2013) - *Canción de los niños* (2007) for Children's Chorus and Orchestra - *Agnus Dei for Mozart's Mass in C-Minor* (2006) for Soloists and Orchestra - *[Musical Dice Game](/source/Musical_Dice_Game)* (2005) for Two String Quartets and Two String Orchestras - *Flight* (2002) for Narrator and Orchestra (Text: Sukey Smith) - *The Tempest* (2000) for Actors and Orchestra (Text: Shakespeare) - *Bachanale: Concertino for Orchestra* (1999) - *Las Mañanitas de los Niños* (1999) - *Praline and Fudge* (1998) for Bass and Chamber Orchestra (Texts: Cookbooks) - *Forbidden Fire* (1998) for Bass, Chorus and Orchestra (Texts: Bible, various sources) - *Sinfonia a la Mariachi* (1997) for Double Orchestra - *Trilogica* (*Pinata, Tango di Tango, Hot Buttered Rumba*) (1996) - *Hot Buttered Rumba* (1996) - *Scrooge* (1994) for Bass, Chorus and Orchestra (Text: Dickens) - *Adoracion Ambulante/Fanfare/Con Flor y Canto* (1994) for Soloists, Chorus and Orchestra (Text: Bible, Popol Vuh) - *Mascaras* (1993) for Cello and Orchestra - *Pinata* (1991) - *Ursa* (1990) for Contrabass and Orchestra - *A Gathering of Angels: Bolero for Orchestra* (1989) - *Invocation of Orpheus* (1989) for Trumpet, Harp and Strings - *A Colorful Symphony* (1987) for Narrator and Orchestra -Text: [Norton Juster](/source/Norton_Juster) ([The Phantom Tollbooth](/source/The_Phantom_Tollbooth)) - *We, the People* (original title Jargon) (1987) for Narrator, Chorus and Orchestra (Text: Mary Medrick) - *Tango di Tango* (1985) - *Varmi'ts!* (1985) for Narrator, Chorus and Orchestra (Text: Texas Tall Tales) - *The Seven Deadly Sins* (1984) for orchestra (also version for wind ensemble) - *Oktoechos: Concerto Grosso* (1983) - *Trunks* (1983) for Narrator and Orchestra (Text: Composer) - *Semi-Suite* (1981) for Violin and Chamber Orchestra - *Estampie* (1981) for Chamber Orchestra - *Transfigurationis Mysteria* (1980) for Narrator, Soloists, Chorus and Orchestra (Text: Bible) - *Favola Boccaccesca* (1979) - *The Salutation Rag* (1978) - *Four Advent Chorale-Preludes by J. S. Bach* (arr.1978)for Chorus and Orchestra - *Favola Concertante* (1975, rev. 77) for Violin, Cello and String Orchestra - *Sinfonia Concertante* (1974) for Soprano Saxophone and Chamber Orchestra - *Concerto III for Piano and Orchestra* (1974) - *Canto* (1973) for Soprano, Tenor and Chamber Orchestra (Text: Dante, Anonymous French) - *Il Combattimento di Tancredi e Clorinda by Claudio Monteverdi* (arr.1973) - *Concert Suite from ‘L’Orfeo’* by [Claudio Monteverdi](/source/Claudio_Monteverdi) (arr. 1973) - *Concert Suite from ‘L’Incoronazione di Poppea’ by Claudio Monteverdi* (arr.1972) - *Lyric Variations* (1971) for Oboe and String Orchestra - *Adagio for Small Orchestra* (1967) ### Chamber - *Above All, Women: Four Images of Gustav Klimt* for String Quartet (2016) - *Alle(...)luia* - Variations (1987) for Organ and Chimes - *Apache Wedding Blessing* (2006) for Voice and Guitar - *Arabesque* by Robert Schumann (arr. RXR, 2010) for 2 Guitars - *As: A Surfeit of Similes* for SATB Chorus and Piano Solo (2014) - *Aspen Sketches* (1992) for Piano - *Bachanale* (1999) for 2 Pianos - *Canto* (1982) (It/Fr) for Soprano, Tenor, and Ensemble (Text: Dante and anonymous French) - *Capriccio on the Departure of a Beloved Brother* by J.S. Bach (arr. RXR, 1976) for 2, 3 or 4 Guitars - *Caprichos* (2012) for Piano Solo - *Chronies* (1981) for [Bass Clarinet](/source/Bass_clarinet) and Percussion - *Cinco Poemas de García Lorca* (1975) (Sp) for Mezzo-Soprano, Tenor, and Piano - *Concert Suite from Frida* (1993) (En/Sp) for Mezzo-Soprano and Ensemble or Piano (Text: Hillary Blecher, Migdalia Cruz) - *Concert Suite from Suor Isabella* (1983) for Soprano and Ensemble (Text: Daniel Dibbern) - *El día de los muertos* (2006) for 8 percussionists - *Dolorosa et Lacrimabilis Es, Virgo Maria* (1980) for Mixed Chorus, Soprano, Flute, and Windchimes - *The Dot and the Line* (2005) for Narrator and Chamber Ensemble (Text: Norton Juster) - *Ductia* (1980, rev. 83) for Harp, Harp Duo, Flute and Harp, or other combinations - *Estampie* (1981) for Clarinet, Cello, Percussion, and Piano; version for Piano Solo - *Fantasia Lussuriosa* (1989) for Piano - *Favola Concertante* (1977) for Piano Trio - *Favola I, Episode from Favola Concertante* (1977) for Cello - *Favola II, Episodes from Favola Boccaccesca* (1980) for Clarinet, Cello, and Piano - *Five Etudes from Oktoechos* (1983) 1. for Clarinet and Bassoon, 2. for Trumpet and Trombone, 3. for Piano Solo, 4. for Violin and Percussion, 5. for Cello Solo - *The Food of Love* (2004) for Violin/Actor and Piano (Text: William Shakespeare) - *For Piano I and II* (1978) for Piano - *Four Poems from ‘Neue Gedichte’* (1971) (Gr) for soprano or tenor and piano (Text: Rainer Maria Rilke) - *Frammenti Musicali* (1978) for Flute and Piano or for Piano Solo - *Gambits, Six Chess Pieces* (2001) for Horn and Piano or Tuba and Piano - *Improvisation Matrix* (1978) for Any Instrument or Combination of Instruments or for Piano Solo or Multiple Pianos - *Invocation of Orpheus* (1989) for Trumpet, Harp, and String Quartet or for Trumpet and Piano - *Il Lamento di Tristano* (1997) for Flute and Guitar - *Lull-A-Bear* from *Ursa* (1993) for Cello (or Bassoon) and Piano - *Máscaras* (1993) for Cello and Chamber Ensemble - *Medieval Suite* (1983) from the ballet *Estampie* for Horn, Violin, and Piano - *Meditation* (1981) for Flute, Clarinet, Cello, and Percussion - *Menasherie* (2015) for SSA Chorus and Piano Solo - *Meta 4* (1994) Ballet for String Quartet - *A Midsummer Night’s Dream* (2001) – Incidental Music for the Shakespeare Play - *Mirror Sonnets* (1989) for One, Two or Three Sopranos and Guitar or Piano (Text: Fred Curchack) - *Música, por un tiempo* (2008) for B-flat Clarinet, Violin, Cello, and Piano - *My Lady Carey’s Dompe* (1985) Variations on an Elizabethan Melody for Piccolo Trumpet, Descant Horn and Keyboard (Harpsichord or Piano) - *Les Niais Amoureux* (1989) for Clarinet and Piano Trio - *Omaggio al Divino* (2009) for Two Guitars - *Plaisir d’Amour* (1982) - after the song by Padre Martini for Flute, Clarinet, and Bassoon - *Praline and Fudge* (1979) - Recitative and Aria in Baroque Style for Bass Voice and Piano (Text: from Cookbooks) - *Presences* (1973) (Fr) for Soprano or Tenor and Piano (Text: Peter Clothier, trans. by Lucile Golson) - *Quodlibet* on Medieval Tunes (1978) for any number of players on any combination of instruments - *The Salutation Rag* (1976, rev. 79) for Piano 4-hands - *Semi-Suite* (1980) for Piano, 4-hands - *Semi-Suite* (1981) for Violin and Piano (plus Clarinet and Percussion ad lib) - *Seven Deadly Sequences* (1990) for Piano - *Six Episodes from The Ransom of Red Chief* (1987) for Piano - *Six Maxims de La Rochefoucauld* (1991) (Fr) for Voice and Piano - *Six Songs of E.E. Cummings* (2008) for Soprano and Marimba or Soprano and Piano - *Son Risa* (2006) for Solo Harp - *Sonata in One Movement* (1973) for Soprano Saxophone (or Clarinet) and Piano - *Sonatina d’Estate* (1982) for Flute and Piano - *The Song of Songs* (*Shir Hashirim*) (1992) for Soprano, Narrator, and Ensemble (Text: Sholom Aleichem [trans. by Curt Leviant] and the Bible) - *Sor(tri)lège: Trio III* (2007) for Piano Trio - *Tango* (1985) for Tenor and Chamber Ensemble (Libretto (En) by the Composer from 1913-14 news clippings) - *Tango di Tango* (1985) for Violin, Accordion and Piano or for Piano Solo - *Tango Sueño* (1986), Lullaby for Piano - *Tentado por la samba* (2007) for Cello and Piano - *Three Lullabies* (1990) for Piano or Guitar (transcribed for guitar by Enric Madriguera) - *Three Songs and A Monologue from As You Like It* (1990) for Voice and Piano - *Toccata for Guitar Quartet* (1976) - *Toccata for Guitar Solo* (1983) (transcribed by Robert Guthrie) - *Toccata for Percussion Quintet* (1977) - *Trio I* (1971) for Piano Trio - *Trio II* (1970) for Piano Trio - *The Versatility Rag* (2006) for Piano Solo - *Xochiquetzal* (2014) for Violin and Percussion Sextet - *Xochiquetzal* (2015) for Violin and Piano ## Recordings - *Remembranzas de mi Guitarra / Tango Amor, Three Lullabies* - Enric Madriguera, Guitar; Albany, TROY 1600 - *Música, por un tiempo: SOLI Chamber Ensemble/Música, por un tiempo* - SOLI; Albany, TROY 1505 - *Robert Xavier Rodríguez: Works for Piano* / *Caprichos, Fantasia Lussuriosa, Estampie, Seven Deadly Sequences, Semi-Suite, Hot Buttered Rumba* - Jeff Lankov, Piano; Albany, TROY 1477 - *Robert Xavier Rodriguez: Complete Works for Cello and Piano / Tentado por la samba, Máscaras, Ursa, Favola I, Lull-A-Bear* - Jesus Castro-Balbi, Cello and Gloria Lin, Piano; Albany, TROY 1355 - *Chamber Works / Meta 4, Trio III: Sor(tri)lege, Trio II, Trio I* - Colorado Quartet, Clavier Trio, Voices of Change. Albany, TROY 1136 - *American Music for Percussion 1 / El día de los muertos* - New England Conservatory Percussion Ensemble; Frank Epstein, Conductor; Naxos 8.559683 - *Robert Xavier Rodríguez: Works for Chorus & Orchestra / Forbidden Fire, Con Flor y Canto, Scrooge* - George Cordes, Baritone; Rodney Nolan, Tenor; University of Miami Symphony Orchestra and Chorus; Miami Children's Chorus; Thomas M. Sleeper, Conductor. Albany, TROY 430 - *Robert Xavier Rodríguez: Meet the Composer Recording / Oktoechos* – Dallas Symphony Orchestra; Eduardo Mata, Conductor / *Favola Boccaccesca* – Louisville Orchestra; Lawrence Leighton Smith, Conductor / *The Song of Songs* – Voices of Change, Irene Gubrud, Soprano; Fred Curchack, Actor; Robert Xavier Rodríguez, Conductor. First Edition, FECD-0027 - *Musical Theater Works/ Tango* – Rafael Alvarez, Tenor / *Concert Suite from Frida* – Angelina Réaux, Soprano; Voices of Change; Robert Xavier Rodríguez, Conductor CRI, CD824 - *Voces Americanas: Works by Robert Xavier Rodriguez, Mario Lavista, Roberto Sierra, Mario Davidovsky, Tania Leon./ Les Niais Amoureux* - Emanuel Borok, Violin; Ross Powell, Clarinet; Christopher Adkins, Cello; Jo Boatright, Piano; Voices of Change. CRI 773. (Nominated for the 1999 Grammy Award for "Best Small Ensemble Performance".) - *Celebration Of Flight: Works by William Bolcom, Steven Winteregg, Michael Schelle, and Robert Xavier Rodríguez / Flight* - Allison Janney, narrator; Dayton Philharmonic; Neal Gittleman, conductor. Albany, TROY 672 - *Laugh, Regardless of Creed : Works of Louis Gruenberg, Alla Borzova, Robert Xavier Rodríguez and Larry Alan Smith / Tango* – [Paul Sperry](/source/Paul_Sperry_(lyric_tenor)), Tenor; Members of the San Diego Symphony Orchestra; Robert Xavier Rodríguez, Conductor. Albany, TROY 740 - *American Music for Percussion 1 / El día de los muertos* - New England Conservatory Percussion Ensemble; Frank Epstein, Conductor; Naxos 8.559683 - *Le Grand Tango: Works of Astor Piazzolla, Alberto Ginastera, Heitor Villa-Lobos, Federico Ibarra, Robert Xavier Rodríguez and Manuel Enríquez / Lull-A-Bear* - Carlos Prieto, Cello; Edison Quintana, Piano. Urtext, JBCC014 - *American Contemporary Chamber Music*: Works of William Kraft, Robert Xavier Rodríguez, Larry Alan Smith and Dan Welcher / *Chronies, Meditation* - Voices of Change. Crystal, CD704 - *Rachmaninov Suites / Bachanale* (version for two pianos) - Miwako Takeda & Nobuhito Nakai, Pianos; Pro Arte Musicae, 2008.9.27 - *Encantamiento / Son Risa* - Elisabeth Remy Johnson, Harp; ACA Digital, CM20103 - *I Loved Lucy / Il Lamento di Tristano* - Susan DeJong, Flute; Jeffrey Van, Guitar; Duologue. Gasparo, GSCD-348 - *Americans in Paris / Six Maxims de la Rochefoucauld* - Hillary Hight Daw, Soprano; Barbara Elfrid, Piano. ACA Digital - *Seven World Premieres / Tentado por la samba* - Carlos Prieto, Cello; Doris Stephenson, Piano. Urtext, JBCC 183 ## Notes 1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** Randel, Don Michael (1996). [*The Harvard Biographical Dictionary of Music*](https://archive.org/details/harvardbiographi00rand). Harvard University Press. p. [754](https://archive.org/details/harvardbiographi00rand/page/754). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-674-37299-3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-37299-3). 1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** ["Outstanding Alumnus Award Recipients | USC Thornton School of Music"](https://music.usc.edu/alumni/award/). *music.usc.edu*. Retrieved 2017-03-22. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["Fondation Prince Pierre de Monaco"](https://web.archive.org/web/20170323053036/http://www.fondationprincepierre.mc/fr/prix/prix-de-composition-musicale/002/prix-de-composition-musicale-1971.html). Archived from [the original](http://www.fondationprincepierre.mc/fr/prix/prix-de-composition-musicale/002/prix-de-composition-musicale-1971.html) on 2017-03-23. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["Past Winners - University of Massachusetts Boston"](https://web.archive.org/web/20180126012522/https://www.umb.edu/lili_boulanger/past_winners). *www.umb.edu*. Archived from [the original](https://www.umb.edu/lili_boulanger/past_winners) on 2018-01-26. Retrieved 2017-03-22. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["John Simon Guggenheim Foundation | All Fellows"](https://web.archive.org/web/20170707071610/http://www.gf.org/fellows/all-fellows/#gf-search-submit-btn). *www.gf.org*. Archived from [the original](http://www.gf.org/fellows/all-fellows/#gf-search-submit-btn) on 2017-07-07. Retrieved 2017-03-22. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** ["Awards – American Academy of Arts and Letters"](http://artsandletters.org/awards/). *artsandletters.org*. Retrieved 2017-03-22. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** ["New Composers' Residency Program"](https://www.nytimes.com/1982/05/07/arts/new-composers-residency-program.html). *The New York Times*. 1982-05-07. [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0362-4331](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331). Retrieved 2017-03-22. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** ["Faculty - School of Arts and Humanities - The University of Texas at Dallas"](http://www.utdallas.edu/ah/people/faculty_detail.php?faculty_id=971). *www.utdallas.edu*. Retrieved 2017-03-22. ## References - Linda Navarro, [Opera in two tongues: 'Curandera' connects with crowd in Spanish, English](https://web.archive.org/web/20110517023121/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-7445690.html), *Colorado Gazette*, May 18, 2007. Retrieved via subscription 21 February 2008. - Kerri Allen, [Extraordinary Composer Robert Xavier Rodríguez at UTD](https://web.archive.org/web/20110517023239/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1167454441.html), *The Hispanic Outlook in Higher Education*, November 6, 2006. Retrieved via subscription 21 February 2008. - Bob Bows, 'La Curandera' (Opera review),*[Variety](/source/Variety_(magazine))*, May 29, 2006 - Marc Shulgold, [Can opera magic conjure new fans?](http://www.rockymountainnews.com/drmn/spotlight_columnists/article/0,2777,DRMN_23962_4694448,00.html) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20070610003027/http://www.rockymountainnews.com/drmn/spotlight_columnists/article/0,2777,DRMN_23962_4694448,00.html) 2007-06-10 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) *Rocky Mountain News*, May 13, 2006. Retrieved 21 February 2008. - Shulman, Laurie (2001). "Rodríguez, Robert (Xavier)". In [Sadie, Stanley](/source/Stanley_Sadie); [Tyrrell, John](/source/John_Tyrrell_(musicologist)) (eds.). *[The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians](/source/The_New_Grove_Dictionary_of_Music_and_Musicians)* (2nd ed.). London: [Macmillan Publishers](/source/Macmillan_Publishers). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-56159-239-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56159-239-5). ‎ - John Rockwell,Concert Review ('Tango'): A Conductor With a Flair for the Contemporary [\[1\]](https://www.nytimes.com/1990/01/12/arts/review-concert-a-conductor-with-a-flair-for-the-contemporary.html), *New York Times*, January 12, 1990, ## External links - [Robert Xavier Rodríguez official site](http://www.RobertXavierRodriguez.com) - [Biography](http://www.musicsalesclassical.com/composer/long-bio/Robert-Xavier-Rodriguez) on G. Schirmer/Music Sales - [Biography](http://ah.utdallas.edu/people/rxrodriguez.html), University of Texas at Dallas - [Biography](http://www.sai-national.org/phil/composers/rxrodrig.html) on [Sigma Alpha Iota](/source/Sigma_Alpha_Iota) Philanthropies. - [Interview with Robert Xavier Rodríguez](http://www.bruceduffie.com/rodriguez.html), November 19, 1998 Authority control databases International ISNI VIAF 2 GND FAST WorldCat National United States France BnF data Israel Artists MusicBrainz BRAHMS Other SNAC Yale LUX --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Robert Xavier Rodriguez](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Xavier_Rodriguez) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Xavier_Rodriguez?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.