# Road to Emmaus appearance

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Event from the Gospel of Luke

"Supper at Emmaus" redirects here. For other uses, see [Supper at Emmaus (disambiguation)](/source/Supper_at_Emmaus_(disambiguation)).

*On the Road to Emmaus*, an early 14th century painting by [Duccio](/source/Duccio) depicting [Jesus](/source/Jesus) with two disciples now housed at [Museo dell'Opera del Duomo](/source/Museo_dell'Opera_del_Duomo_(Florence)) in [Florence](/source/Florence), Italy

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According to the [Gospel of Luke](/source/Gospel_of_Luke), the **road to Emmaus appearance** is one of the early [post-resurrection appearances of Jesus](/source/Resurrection_of_Jesus#Biblical_accounts) after [his crucifixion](/source/Crucifixion_of_Jesus) and the discovery of the [empty tomb](/source/Empty_tomb).[1][2][3] Both the meeting on the road to [Emmaus](/source/Emmaus) and the subsequent **Supper at Emmaus**, the meal that [Jesus](/source/Jesus) had with two disciples after the encounter on the road, have been popular subjects in art.

## Biblical accounts

*The Road to Emmaus*, an early 16th century painting by [Altobello Melone](/source/Altobello_Melone)

The account in [Luke 24:13–35](https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Luke%2024:13–35&version=nrsv) describes two disciples who are walking on the road to [Emmaus](/source/Emmaus), one named as [Cleopas](/source/Cleopas). On the way, they encounter [Jesus](/source/Jesus) after his [resurrection from the dead](/source/Resurrection_of_Jesus#Biblical_accounts), but they do not recognize him, and discuss their sadness at recent events of the [Crucifixion](/source/Crucifixion_of_Jesus) and their incredulity at the reports from the [women at the tomb](/source/Women_at_the_tomb) at the [Resurrection of Jesus](/source/Resurrection_of_Jesus). They invite him to come and eat with them, and during supper at Emmaus, they recognise the risen Jesus.

[N. T. Wright](/source/N._T._Wright) considers the detailed narration of the Emmaus journey in Luke 24:13–35[4] as one of the best sketches of a biblical scene in the [Gospel of Luke](/source/Gospel_of_Luke).[5] [Jan Lambrecht](/source/Jan_Lambrecht_(New_Testament_scholar)), citing D. P. Moessner, writes: "the Emmaus story is one of Luke's 'most exquisite literary achievements'."[6]

### Theme

Although it may be said that its main subject is proving the resurrection by the appearance of Jesus, this narrative seems not to say anything about proving the event. [R. W. L. Moberly](/source/R._W._L._Moberly) suggests that "the story is best understood as an exposition of the hermeneutical issue of [discernment](/source/Discernment_in_Christianity), focusing specifically on the question, 'How does one discern the risen Christ?'"[7] Alfred McBride says that the Emmaus narrative concerns "the evolution of the awareness of the two disciples, from despair over Christ's death to faith in his resurrection". Used to perceive Christian spiritual growth, this narrative is considered as a model for a Christians' own journey to a deeper faith and as an instrument to help others do the same journey.[8]

### Parallels

The [Gospel of Mark](/source/Gospel_of_Mark) has a similar account that describes the appearance of Jesus to two disciples while they were walking in the country, at about the same time in the Gospel narrative,[9] although it does not name the disciples or the destination as Emmaus:

Afterward Jesus appeared in a different form to two of them while they were walking in the country. These returned and reported it to the rest; but they did not believe them either.

— Mark 16:12–13[10]

It has also been suggested that the [Ethiopian eunuch](/source/Ethiopian_eunuch) story (Acts 8:26–40)[11] is a "much discussed parallel" to the Emmaus narrative, since there are some recognizable similarities between the two.[12] Lambrecht says, "Each event culminates with a ritual, the breaking and distributing of bread at Emmaus and the baptism of the Ethiopian along the road. [...] What remains as a common theme in both stories is the necessary hermeneutical connection between the Scriptures and the Jesus event. The Scriptures are to be interpreted in the light of 'the good news of Jesus' ([Acts 8](/source/Acts_8)) and the Jesus events can only be understood in light of the Scriptures ([Lk 24](/source/Luke_24))."[13]

### Unnamed disciple

Ivory [relief](/source/Relief), a c. 850–900 plaque depicting the Road to Emmaus appearance by [Metz](/source/Metz)

Many names have been proposed for the disciple who accompanied Cleopas. Among those who have been suggested: Simon/Symeon, according to several documents and manuscripts; Ammaon/Amaon, which may be a spelling error for "Symeon", according to [Saint Ambrose](/source/Ambrose); Nathanael, according to [Saint Epiphanius](/source/Epiphanius_of_Salamis)'s *[Panarion](/source/Panarion)*; Nicodemus, according to the Arabic Apocryphal Gospel of John; [Luke the Evangelist](/source/Luke_the_Evangelist), according to the [Book of the Bee](/source/Book_of_the_Bee); [Philip the Deacon](/source/Philip_the_Deacon); [James, brother of Jesus](/source/James%2C_brother_of_Jesus); and [Mary, the wife (or possibly daughter) of Clopas](/source/Mary_of_Clopas), who is considered the same person as Cleopas.[14][15]

John Gillman, in a *[Festschrift](/source/Festschrift)* to Jan Lambrecht, writes that "Luke's failure to identify Cleophas' companion by either name or gender may well be a strategy of inviting the reader to identify implicitly with that person, and thus to make the journey as Cleophas' companion."[16]

### The journey to Emmaus

The two followers were walking along the road, heading to Emmaus, deep in solemn and serious discussion, when Jesus met them. They could not recognize Jesus and saw him as a stranger. In *Homilies on the Gospels* (Hom. 23), [Gregory the Great](/source/Gregory_the_Great) says:

They did not, in fact, have faith in him, yet they were talking about him. The Lord, therefore, appeared to them but did not show them a face they could recognize. In this way, the Lord enacted outwardly, before their physical eyes, what was going on in them inwardly, before the eyes of their hearts. For inwardly they simultaneously loved him and doubted him; therefore the Lord was outwardly present to them, and at the same time did not reveal his identity. Since they were speaking about him, he showed them his presence, but since they doubted him, he hid from them the appearance by which they could have recognized him.[17]

Jesus let them tell about their anxieties and pains; he let them grieve and mourn by expressing the root causes. Jesus empathically listened to them, who poured out their crises and doubts, and used scriptures so that they could better understand "suffering and glory".[18] During the journey to Emmaus, according to Alfred McBride, Jesus patiently guided the two disciples "from hopelessness to celebration"[8] and also intended to nourish the two disciples' faith to such an extent that they can see "his real presence in the breaking of the bread".[19]

From a pastoral perspective, John Mossi writes that meditating upon the "Emmaus Pilgrimage" may help one when experiencing one's own "dark nights". During such course of action, according to Mossi, one should realize that Jesus compassionately walks as a friend on one's own journey, empathetically listens to one's sorrows and hesitations, and spends quality time accompanying one through the process of inner healing.[20]

### "Stay with us"

Luke 24:28–29 states that Jesus stayed and had supper with the two disciples after the encounter on the road:

As they approached the village to which they were going, Jesus acted as if he were going farther. But they urged him strongly, "Stay with us, for it is nearly evening; the day is almost over." So he went in to stay with them.

— Luke 24:28–29 NIV[21]

The two disciples showed their openness and caring to the unknown stranger, who is Jesus, by inviting him to stay with them, to join in meal and companionship. Lambrecht argues that such attitudes made Jesus able to change them deeply: "By the offer of hospitality the Emmaus companions were able to transcend their self-concern, sadness, foolishness and slowness of heart, thus preparing them for the revelatory experience around the table where they were nourished."[22]

### Supper at Emmaus

At first, Jesus appears to Cleopas and one other disciple, but "their eyes were holden" so that they could not recognize him. Later, "in the breaking of bread" (Luke 24:30),[23] "their eyes were opened" and they recognized him (Luke 24:31).[24] B. P. Robinson argues that this means that the recognition occurred in the course of the meal,[25] while Raymond Blacketer notes that "many, perhaps even most, commentators, ancient and modern and in-between, have seen the revelation of Jesus' identity in the breaking of bread as having some kind of [eucharistic](/source/Eucharist) referent or implication."[26]

In his apostolic letter *Mane nobiscum Domine*, [John Paul II](/source/John_Paul_II) says that when the two disciples urged Jesus to stay *with* them, Jesus afterwards responded by giving them a way to stay *in* him, by entering into "a profound communion with Jesus" through the "Sacrament of the Eucharist" (cf. John 15:4).[27] Soon after Jesus agreed to their request to stay, according to the Pope, "Jesus' face would disappear, yet the Master would 'stay' with them, hidden in the 'breaking of the bread' which had opened their eyes to recognize him. [...] When minds are enlightened and hearts are enkindled, signs begin to 'speak'."[28]

### Return to Jerusalem

Luke 24:32[29] states that the two disciples' hearts were "burning" during their conversation with Jesus along the way to Emmaus, especially when he explained the Scriptures. They have gone through "a journey symbolizing their change of hearts from 'sad' to 'burning'", and they immediately returned to Jerusalem to share their experience with other fellows (Luke 24:33).[30][31]

Alfred McBride says that "enthusiasm flooded their whole being" when the two disciples have "encounter[ed] the Risen Christ" in the supper at Emmaus. They sensed a must to share their happiness and the good news with another so that they were willing to go through a long walk back to Jerusalem.[32] John Paul II argues that the two disciples realized "the duty to be a missionary" after "entering into communion with Christ" at the meal event, relates it with the dismissal at the end of the [Eucharistic Celebration](/source/Eucharist).[28]

## In art

*[Supper at Emmaus](/source/Supper_at_Emmaus_(Rembrandt%2C_Louvre))*, a 1648 painting by [Rembrandt](/source/Rembrandt) now housed at the [Louvre](/source/Louvre) in Paris

Both the encounter on the road to Emmaus and the ensuing supper have been depicted in art. The supper has received more attention. Medieval art tends to show a moment before Jesus is recognized; Christ wears a large floppy hat to help explain the initial lack of recognition by the disciples. This is often a large [pilgrim](/source/Pilgrim)'s hat with [badges](/source/Pilgrim_badge) or, rarely, a [Jewish hat](/source/Jewish_hat). However, the depiction of the supper has been a more popular theme, at least since the [Renaissance](/source/Renaissance), showing Jesus eating with the disciples. Often the moment of recognition is shown.

[Rembrandt](/source/Rembrandt)'s 1648 painting, *[Supper at Emmaus](/source/Supper_at_Emmaus_(Rembrandt%2C_Louvre))* depicts the supper, which the disciple on the left had risen, hands clasped in prayer. In both depictions, the disciples are startled and in awe but not in fear. The servant is oblivious to the [theophanic](/source/Theophany) moment taking place during the supper.[33]

[Caravaggio](/source/Caravaggio)'s [painting in London](/source/Supper_at_Emmaus_(Caravaggio%2C_London)) and his [painting in Milan](/source/Supper_at_Emmaus_(Caravaggio%2C_Milan)) were six years apart, and both imitate natural color very well, but both were criticized for lack of [decorum](/source/Decorum). Caravaggio depicted Jesus without a beard, and the London painting shows fruits on the table that are out of season. Moreover, the inn keeper is shown serving with a hat.[34]

Some other artists who have portrayed the supper are [Jacopo Bassano](/source/Jacopo_Bassano), [Pontormo](/source/Pontormo), [Vittore Carpaccio](/source/Vittore_Carpaccio), [Philippe de Champaigne](/source/Philippe_de_Champaigne), [Albrecht Dürer](/source/Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer), [Benedetto Gennari](/source/Benedetto_Gennari), [Jacob Jordaens](/source/Jacob_Jordaens), [Marco Marziale](/source/Marco_Marziale), [Pedro Orrente](/source/Pedro_Orrente), [Tintoretto](/source/Tintoretto), [Titian](/source/Titian), [Velázquez](/source/Diego_Vel%C3%A1zquez), and [Paolo Veronese](/source/Paolo_Veronese). The supper was also the subject of one of [Han van Meegeren](/source/Han_van_Meegeren)'s most successful [Vermeer](/source/Vermeer) forgeries.

In literary art, the Emmaus theme is treated as early as the 12th century by Durham poet Laurentius in a semidramatic Latin poem.[35]

### Gallery of art

		- Meeting at Emmaus, at [Oratory of the Holy Trinity](/source/Oratorio_della_Santissima_Trinit%C3%A0%2C_Momo) in [Momo](/source/Momo%2C_Piedmont), Italy, late 15th century

		- Supper at Emmaus, at [Oratory of the Holy Trinity](/source/Oratorio_della_Santissima_Trinit%C3%A0%2C_Momo) in [Momo](/source/Momo%2C_Piedmont), Italy, late 15th century

		- *The Supper at Emmaus*, [Vincenzo Catena](/source/Vincenzo_Catena), 16th century

		- *[Supper at Emmaus](/source/Supper_at_Emmaus_(Pontormo))*, a 1525 [Jacopo Pontormo](/source/Jacopo_Pontormo) painting using the [Eye of Providence](/source/Eye_of_Providence)

		- *[Pilgrims at Emmaus](/source/Pilgrims_at_Emmaus)*, [Titian](/source/Titian), 1535, Louvre

		- *[Supper at Emmaus](/source/Supper_at_Emmaus_(Veronese))*, [Veronese](/source/Paolo_Veronese), 1559, Louvre

		- *Camino de Emaús*, by [Lelio Orsi](/source/Lelio_Orsi), 1560–1565

		- *Jesus and the Disciples on the Road to Emmaus*, after [Pieter Bruegel the Elder](/source/Pieter_Bruegel_the_Elder), 1571

		- *[Supper at Emmaus](/source/Supper_at_Emmaus_(Caravaggio%2C_London))*, [Caravaggio](/source/Caravaggio), 1601, London

		- *[Supper at Emmaus](/source/Supper_at_Emmaus_(Caravaggio%2C_Milan))*, [Caravaggio](/source/Caravaggio), 1606, Milan

		- *La cena de Emaús*, [Diego Velázquez](/source/Diego_Vel%C3%A1zquez), 1620, New York

		- *The Emmaus Disciples*, [Abraham Bloemaert](/source/Abraham_Bloemaert), 1622

		- *L'Apparition du Christ aux pèlerins d'Emmaüs*, [Laurent de La Hyre](/source/Laurent_de_La_Hyre), 1656

		- *Der Gang nach Emmaus*, [Joseph von Führich](/source/Joseph_von_F%C3%BChrich), 1837

		- The altar of *Jungshoved Kirke*. Sculpture by [Bertel Thorvaldsen](/source/Bertel_Thorvaldsen) (plaster). 1840s

		- *Gang nach Emmaus*, [Robert Zünd](/source/Robert_Z%C3%BCnd), 1877

## In music

The gospel was the prescribed reading for [Easter Monday](/source/Easter_Monday) in Lutheran Leipzig at [Bach](/source/Johann_Sebastian_Bach)'s time. He composed several [church cantatas for the occasion](/source/Church_cantata_(Bach)#Easter_Monday), including the chorale cantata [*Bleib bei uns, denn es will Abend werden*, BWV 6](/source/Bleib_bei_uns%2C_denn_es_will_Abend_werden%2C_BWV_6), in 1725.

[Josef Rheinberger](/source/Josef_Rheinberger) composed in 1855 a [motet](/source/Motet) *[Abendlied](/source/Abendlied_(Rheinberger))* on a verse from the gospel narration, "Bleib bei uns" (Bide with us).

The American [southern gospel](/source/Southern_gospel) music group The Emmaus Road Quartet takes their name from the Biblical account. They also recorded a song entitled "On The Road to Emmaus" in 2019, in which the lyrics espouse a desire to walk with a risen [Jesus Christ](/source/Jesus_Christ) and be taught the scriptures by him.

## Jungian perspective

[Carl Jung](/source/Carl_Jung) regarded the road to Emmaus appearance as a mythological example of the common dream theme of the *magical traveling companion.*[36][*[page needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources)*]

## Contemporary use

[Emmaus, Pennsylvania](/source/Emmaus%2C_Pennsylvania), a borough in the [Lehigh Valley](/source/Lehigh_Valley) region of the United States, draws its name from the Biblical references to [Emmaus](/source/Emmaus).

## See also

Wikiquote has quotations related to ***[Road to Emmaus appearance](https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Road_to_Emmaus_appearance)***.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Meeting on the road to Emmaus](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Meeting_on_the_road_to_Emmaus).

- [Chronology of Jesus](/source/Chronology_of_Jesus)

- [Emmaus-Nicopolis](/source/Emmaus-Nicopolis)

- [Gospel harmony](/source/Gospel_harmony)

- [Life of Jesus in the New Testament](/source/Life_of_Jesus_in_the_New_Testament)

- [List of dining events](/source/List_of_dining_events)

- [Resurrection appearance of Jesus](/source/Resurrection_appearance_of_Jesus)

- [Resurrection of Jesus](/source/Resurrection_of_Jesus)

## Notes

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** [Craddock 1991](#CITEREFCraddock1991), p. 284

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** [Phillips 2005](#CITEREFPhillips2005), pp. 297–230

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** Luke 24

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** [Luke 24:13–35](https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:Luke%2024:13–35)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** [Wright 2004](#CITEREFWright2004), p. 292

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** [Lambrecht 2002](#CITEREFLambrecht2002), p. 179

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** [Moberly 2000](#CITEREFMoberly2000), p. 46

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-McBride210_8-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-McBride210_8-1) [McBride 1992](#CITEREFMcBride1992), p. 210

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** [The Catholic Comparative New Testament 2006](#OUP), p. 589

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** [Mark 16:12–13](https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:Mark%2016:12–13)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** [Acts 8:26–40](https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Acts%208:26–40&version=nrsv)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** [Lambrecht 2002](#CITEREFLambrecht2002), p. 169

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** [Lambrecht 2002](#CITEREFLambrecht2002), p. 170

1. **[^](#cite_ref-14)** [Metzger 1980](#CITEREFMetzger1980), pp. 40–41

1. **[^](#cite_ref-15)** [Thiede 2006](#CITEREFThiede2006), pp. 94–96

1. **[^](#cite_ref-16)** [Lambrecht 2002](#CITEREFLambrecht2002), p. 184

1. **[^](#cite_ref-17)** [Gregory I](#Hom), p. 55

1. **[^](#cite_ref-18)** [Wicks 2000](#CITEREFWicks2000), p. 154

1. **[^](#cite_ref-19)** [McBride 1992](#CITEREFMcBride1992), p. 132

1. **[^](#cite_ref-20)** [Wicks 2000](#CITEREFWicks2000), pp. 154–155

1. **[^](#cite_ref-21)** [Luke 24:28–29](https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:Luke%2024:28–29)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-22)** [Lambrecht 2002](#CITEREFLambrecht2002), p. 185

1. **[^](#cite_ref-23)** [Luke 24:30](https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Luke#24:30)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-24)** [Luke 24:31](https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Luke#24:31)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-25)** [Robinson 1984](#CITEREFRobinson1984), p. 484

1. **[^](#cite_ref-26)** [Blacketer 2003](#CITEREFBlacketer2003), p. 323

1. **[^](#cite_ref-27)** [John 15:4](https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/John#15:4)

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-PaulII_28-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-PaulII_28-1) [John Paul II](/source/John_Paul_II) (7 October 2004). ["Mane nobiscum Domine"](https://w2.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_letters/2004/documents/hf_jp-ii_apl_20041008_mane-nobiscum-domine.html). Libreria Editrice Vaticana.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-29)** [Luke 24:32](https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Luke#24:32)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-30)** [Luke 24:33](https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Luke#24:33)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-31)** [Lambrecht 2002](#CITEREFLambrecht2002), p. 183

1. **[^](#cite_ref-32)** [McBride 1992](#CITEREFMcBride1992), p. 214

1. **[^](#cite_ref-33)** [Durham 2004](#CITEREFDurham2004), p. 144

1. **[^](#cite_ref-34)** [Apostolos-Cappadona 1995](#CITEREFApostolos-Cappadona1995), p. 64

1. **[^](#cite_ref-35)** [Kindermann 1968](#CITEREFKindermann1968), pp. 79–100

1. **[^](#cite_ref-36)** Jung, C.G. (1968), [Psychology and Alchemy](/source/Psychology_and_Alchemy), *Collected Works, Volume 12*, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-691-01831-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-691-01831-6)

## References

- Apostolos-Cappadona, Diane (1995). [*Art, Creativity, and the Sacred: an anthology in religion and art*](https://archive.org/details/artcreativity00apos). Bloomsbury Academic. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-8264-0829-X](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8264-0829-X).

- Bivin, David N. (2017). ["A Farewell to the Emmaus Road"](https://www.jerusalemperspective.com/16208/). {{[cite journal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_journal)}}: Cite journal requires |journal= ([help](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical))

- Blacketer, Raymond A. (2003). "Word and Sacrament on the Road to Emmaus: Homiletical Reflections on Luke 24:13-35". *[Calvin Theological Journal](/source/Calvin_Theological_Journal)*. **38**.

- Craddock, Fred B. (1991). *Luke*. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-8042-3123-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8042-3123-0).

- Durham, John I. (2004). [*The Biblical Rembrandt*](https://archive.org/details/biblicalrembrand00durh). Mercer University Press. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-86554-886-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86554-886-2).

- [Gregory I, Pope](/source/Pope_Gregory_I) (2001). "Homily 23". [*Reading the Gospels with Gregory the Great: Homilies on the Gospels, 21-26*](https://books.google.com/books?id=BFb_GZ74yrcC). Translated by Santha Bhattacharji. St Bede's Publications. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9781879007444](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781879007444).

- Hall, James (1983). *A History of Ideas and Images in Italian Art*. London: John Murray. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-7195-3971-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7195-3971-4).

- Hoeller, Stephan A. (2002). [*Gnosticism: new light on the ancient tradition of inner knowing*](https://books.google.com/books?id=1E1OY833HtkC&q=Gnostic+Emmaus&pg=PA64). Quest Books. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-8356-0816-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8356-0816-9).

- Lambrecht, Jan (2002). [Reimund Bieringer](/source/Reimund_Bieringer); Veronica Koperski; B. Lataire (eds.). [*Resurrection in the New Testament: Festschrift J. Lambrecht*](https://books.google.com/books?id=h_aIzfFL0UEC). [Leuven University Press](/source/Leuven_University_Press). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9789042912144](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789042912144).

- [Kindermann, Udo](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Udo_Kindermann&action=edit&redlink=1) (1968). "Das Emmausgedicht des Laurentius von Durham". *Mittellateinisches Jahrbuch*. **5**.

- Knecht, Friedrich Justus (1910). ["LXXX. Jesus appears to Two of His Disciples on the Way to Emmaus"](https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Practical_Commentary_on_Holy_Scripture/LXXX._Jesus_appears_to_Two_of_His_Disciples_on_the_Way_to_Emmaus). *A Practical Commentary on Holy Scripture*. B. Herder.

- McBride, Alfred (1992). [*The Human Face of Jesus: Luke*](https://books.google.com/books?id=YD80fFbVpcwC). [Our Sunday Visitor](/source/Our_Sunday_Visitor). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9780879733582](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780879733582).[*[permanent dead link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot)*]

- [Metzger, Bruce M.](/source/Bruce_M._Metzger) (1980). *New Testament Studies: Philological, Versional, and Patristic, Volume 10*. Brill. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9789004061637](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004061637).

- [Moberly, R.W.L.](/source/R._W._L._Moberly) (2000). *The Bible, Theology, and Faith: A Study of Abraham and Jesus*. [Cambridge University Press](/source/Cambridge_University_Press). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9780521786461](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521786461).

- Phillips, John (2005). *Exploring the Gospel of Luke: an expository commentary*. Kregel Academic. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-8254-3377-0](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8254-3377-0).

- Robinson, B.P. (1984). "The Place of the Emmaus Story in Luke-Acts". *[New Testament Studies](/source/New_Testament_Studies)*. **30** (4): 481–497. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1017/S0028688500013199](https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0028688500013199). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [170591190](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:170591190).

- *The Catholic Comparative New Testament*. Oxford University Press. 2006. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-19-528299-X](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-528299-X).

- [Thiede, Carsten Peter](/source/Carsten_Peter_Thiede) (2006). *The Emmaus Mystery: Discovering Evidence for the Risen Christ*. A&C Black. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9780826480675](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780826480675).

- [Wicks, Robert J.](/source/Robert_J._Wicks), ed. (2000). [*Handbook of Spirituality for Ministers, Volume 2*](https://books.google.com/books?id=XT2YK01auKUC). [Paulist Press](/source/Paulist_Press). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9780809139712](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780809139712).

- [Wright, N.T.](/source/N._T._Wright) (2004). *Luke for Everyone*. Westminster John Knox Press. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-664-22784-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-664-22784-8).

v t e Jesus Outline List of topics Chronology of Jesus's life Annunciation Nativity Virgin birth Date of birth Flight into Egypt Infancy (apocryphal) Christ Child Unknown years Baptism Temptation Apostles Selecting Ministry Disciples Sermon on the Mount/Plain Beatitudes Prayers Lord's Prayer Parables Miracles Transfiguration Homelessness Great Commandment Olivet Discourse Anointing Passion instruments Entry into Jerusalem Last Supper Farewell Discourse Agony in the Garden Betrayal Arrest Trial Crucifixion Sayings on the cross Instrument used True Cross Burial Tomb Resurrection Road to Emmaus appearance Great Commission Ascension New Testament Gospels Matthew Mark Luke John Five Discourses of Matthew Gospel harmony Oral gospel traditions Historical background of the New Testament New Testament places associated with Jesus Names and titles of Jesus in the New Testament Historical Jesus Quest for the historical Jesus Historicity Sources Josephus Tacitus Mara bar Serapion Gospels Christ myth theory Depictions Bibliography Life of Christ in art Life of Christ Museum Statues Transfiguration Christianity Christ Christianity 1st century Christology Incarnation Person of Christ Pre-existence "I am" Relics Second Coming Session of Christ Son of God Cosmic Christ In other faiths Jesuism In comparative mythology Judaism In the Talmud Islam Ahmadiyya Baháʼí Faith Manichaeism Jesus the Splendour Mandaeism Master Jesus Family Genealogies Mary (mother) Joseph (legal father) Holy Family Panthera (alleged father) Brothers of Jesus Holy Kinship Anne (traditional maternal grandmother) Joachim (traditional maternal grandfather) Heli (paternal grandfather per Luke) Jacob (paternal grandfather per Matthew) Alleged descendants Clopas (traditional uncle) Related Language of Jesus Interactions with women Mary Magdalene Mary, sister of Martha Christmas Easter Rejection of Jesus Criticism Mental health Race and appearance Sexuality and marital status Church of the Nativity Church of the Holy Sepulchre The Garden Tomb Shroud of Turin Category

v t e Easter and its cycle Lent Pre-Lent Septuagesima Sexagesima Quinquagesima Carnival (Shrovetide) Fat Thursday Tsiknopempti Shrove Monday Rosenmontag Shrove Tuesday Mardi Gras Holy Face of Jesus Fastelavn Maslenitsa Lent proper Ash Wednesday Great Lent Temptation of Christ First Sunday of Lent Ember days Laetare Sunday (Mothering Sunday) Passiontide Passion Sunday (Lenten veil, Lenten shrouds) Friday of Sorrows Music Ave Regina caelorum Passion (music) Passion hymns Stabat Mater Holy Week Palm Sunday Triumphal entry into Jerusalem Gloria, laus et honor Hosanna filio David "Singt dem König Freudenpsalmen" Ferias Holy Monday Holy Tuesday Holy Wednesday Triduum Tenebrae Maundy Thursday Chrism Mass Last Supper Crotalus Art Farewell Discourse Mass of the Lord's Supper Foot washing Stripping of the Altar Good Friday Passion of Jesus Arma Christi Stations of the Cross Crucifixion of Jesus Descent from the Cross Lamentation Epitaphios Encomia Pietà Burial of Jesus Tomb of Jesus Easter Sepulchre Good Friday prayer for the Jews Gorzkie żale Holy Saturday Harrowing of Hell Święconka Easter Vigil Paschal candle Holy Fire Lumen Christi Exsultet Artos Rite of Christian Initiation of Adults Traditions Burning of Judas Processions By location Colombia Popayán Guatemala Italy Barcellona Pozzo di Gotto Ruvo di Puglia Malta Mexico Taxco Philippines Portugal Braga Spain Cuenca Málaga Salamanca San Cristóbal de La Laguna Santa Cruz de La Palma Seville Valladolid Viveiro Zamora Easter Day Resurrection of Jesus Art Myrrhbearers Road to Emmaus appearance Paschal Homily Sunrise service Date List of dates Calculation Season Liturgical features Alleluia Pentecostarion Trikirion Octave Bright Week Easter Sunday Easter Monday Śmigus-dyngus Easter whip Easter Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Second Sunday of Easter Doubting Thomas Divine Mercy Sunday Radonitsa Third Sunday of Easter Fourth Sunday of Easter Mid-Pentecost Fifth Sunday of Easter Rogation days Ascensiontide Ascension of Jesus Art Feast of the Ascension Cenacle Novena Matthias the Apostle Traditions Basket Bonnet Bunny Bilby Cavallo di fuoco Easter seals Food Greeting Parade Pace Egg play Postcard Rouketopolemos Saitopolemos Scoppio del carro Virvonta Easter witch Easter eggs Dance Decorating in Slavic culture Rolling Hunt Osterbrunnen Tapping Tree Tossing By country Croatia Poland Ukraine By country Ethiopia and Eritrea Italy Latvia Poland Pre-Christian Ēostre Music Easter Oratorio I Will Mention the Loving-kindnesses Russian Easter Festival Overture Salzburg Easter Festival Liturgical Regina caeli Troparion Victimae paschali laudes Cantatas Bleib bei uns, denn es will Abend werden, BWV 6 Christ lag in Todes Banden, BWV 4 Der Friede sei mit dir, BWV 158 Der Himmel lacht! Die Erde jubilieret, BWV 31 Ein Herz, das seinen Jesum lebend weiß, BWV 134 Erfreut euch, ihr Herzen, BWV 66 Ich lebe, mein Herze, zu deinem Ergötzen, BWV 145 Hymns Christ the Lord Is Risen Today Jesus Christ Is Risen Today O filii et filiae The Strife is O'er, the Battle Done Choral music Surrexit a mortuis Film and TV Films Television episodes Pentecost Season Octave Pentecost Sunday Whitsun Whit Monday Whit Tuesday Ember days Feast of Christ the Priest Trinity Sunday Feast of Corpus Christi Feast of the Sacred Heart

v t e Gospel of Luke Bible (New Testament) Chapters Luke 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Verses Luke 22:43–44 Events Annunciation to Mary, Elizabeth, and the shepherds Adoration of shepherds John the Baptist's Birth Census of Quirinius Jesus' Birth Circumcision and Presentation at the Temple Finding in the Temple Genealogy Baptism Temptation Calling of Matthew Counting the cost Sermon on the Plain Beatitudes Calming the storm Feeding the 5000 Transfiguration Great Commandment Lord's Prayer Prodigal son Olivet Discourse Passion of Jesus Last Supper Pilate's court Crucifixion Burial Empty tomb Resurrection Road to Emmaus appearance Ascension Phrases Benedictus Fishers of men Magnificat New Wine into Old Wineskins Nunc dimittis (Song of Simeon) Parable of the Unjust Steward Rich man and Lazarus The four woes of Jesus People Abijah Andrew Anna Annas Augustus Bartholomew Caiaphas David Elisha Elizabeth Gabriel Herod Antipas Herod the Great James, son of Alphaeus James the Great Jesus Christ John John the Baptist Joseph Joseph of Arimathea Judas Iscariot Jude Lazarus Lysanias Martha Mary, mother of Jesus Mary Magdalene Mary, sister of Martha Matthew Naaman Philip (apostle) Philip (tetrarch) Pontius Pilate Quirinius Simeon Simon the Zealot Simon Peter Theophilus Thomas Tiberius Caesar Zebedee Zechariah Groups Angels Pharisees Sadducees Samaritans Sanhedrin Seventy disciples Places Abilene Bethany Bethsaida Capernaum Decapolis Emmaus Galilee Iturea Jerusalem Jordan River Judea Nain Samaria Sea of Galilee Trachonitis Related Luke the Evangelist Luke–Acts Authorship of Luke–Acts Synoptic Gospels Gospel of Mark Q source L source Two-gospel hypothesis Jerusalem school hypothesis Textual variants Gospel of Marcion Jiizas: di Buk We Luuk Rait bout Im Adaptations St Luke Passion, BWV 246 (1730) St Luke Passion (Penderecki, 1966) Jesus (1979 film) Witness: Five Plays from the Gospel of Luke (2007, radio) The Savior (2014 film) Manuscripts Papyrus 2 3 4 7 42 45 69 75 82 97 111 Codex Nitriensis Ohrid Glagolitic fragments Sources Greek Text Latin Vulgate Wycliffe Version King James Version American Standard Version World English Version

v t e Life of Jesus in art Topics Annunciation Nativity Adoration of the Shepherds Adoration of the Magi Circumcision Flight into Egypt Rest on the Flight into Egypt Massacre of the Innocents Presentation in the Temple Christ Among the Doctors Baptism of Christ Miraculous Draught of Fishes Marriage at Cana Christ and the Woman of Samaria Transfiguration Raising of Lazarus Christ in the House of Martha and Mary Christ Taking Leave of His Mother Purification of the Temple Last Supper Agony in the Garden Kiss of Judas Taking of Christ Flagellation Mocking of Christ Ecce homo Christ Carrying the Cross Crucifixion Stabat Mater Descent from the Cross Lamentation Pietà Harrowing of Hell Resurrection Noli me tangere Supper at Emmaus Incredulity of Saint Thomas Ascension Statues List of statues of Jesus Related Jesus Depiction of Jesus Christ Child Holy Family Stations of the Cross Life of Christ Museum Visual arts Christianity

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Road to Emmaus appearance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road_to_Emmaus_appearance) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road_to_Emmaus_appearance?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.