# Rishitin

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**Rishitin** is a [terpenoid](/source/Terpene) compound, produced by some plants belonging to the [Solanum](/source/Solanum) family, including the [potato](/source/Solanum_tuberosum)[1] and [tomato](/source/Solanum_lycopersicum).[2] Rishitin belongs to a heterogeneous group of anti-microbial plant defense compounds termed [phytoalexins](/source/Phytoalexin) and is produced upon pathogen attack.[3] Same as the phytoalexin [capsidiol](/source/Capsidiol), it belongs to the group of [sesquiterpenes](/source/Sesquiterpene) and is as such an [FPP](/source/Farnesylpyrophosphate) derivative. Rishitin was named after the potato cultivar *Rishiri*, where it was first discovered in 1968.[4]

## Biosynthesis

The biosynthetic pathway of rishitin has not yet been fully elucidated, and is still an active topic of research. Currently, the enzymes responsible for the synthesis of rishitin have not yet been discovered. Studies using [radioisotope](/source/Radionuclide) labeled compounds, revealed however that solavetivone, 15-hydroxysolavetivone, lubimin and 3-hydroxylubimin are precursors of rishitin. [5][6]

## References

1. Katsui, N., Murai, A., Takasugi, M., Imaizumi, K., Masamune, T., & Tomiyama, K. (1968). The structure of rishitin, a new antifungal compound from diseased potato tubers. Chemical Communications, (1), 43. [https://doi.org/10.1039/c19680000043](https://doi.org/10.1039/c19680000043)

1. D’Harlingue, A., Mamdouh, A. M., Malfatti, P., Soulie, M.-C., & Bompeix, G. (1995). Evidence for rishitin biosynthesis in tomato cultures. Phytochemistry, 39(1), 69–70. [https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00844-J](https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00844-J)

1. Kuc, J. (1972). Phytoalexins. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 10(1), 207–232. [https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.10.090172.001231](https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.10.090172.001231)

1. KATSUI, N., TAKAHASHI, Y., SATO, N., MURAI, A., & MASAMUNE, T. (1981). Phytoalexins Produced by Potato Variety Rishiri Inoculated with a Compatible Race of Phytophthora infestans. NIPPON KAGAKU KAISHI, 49(5), 659–664. [https://doi.org/10.1246/nikkashi.1981.659](https://doi.org/10.1246/nikkashi.1981.659)

1. Sato, K., Ishiguri, Y., Doke, N., Tomiyama, K., Yagihashi, F., Murai, A., … Masamune, T. (1978). Biosynthesis of the sesquiterpenoid phytoalexin rishitin from acetate via oxylubimin in potato. Phytochemistry, 17(11), 1901–1902. [https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)88729-4](https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)88729-4)

1. Whitehead, I. M., Atkinson, A. L., & Threlfall, D. R. (1990). Studies on the biosynthesis and metabolism of the phytoalexin lubimin and related compounds in Datura stramonium L. Planta, 182(1), 81–88. [https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00239988](https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00239988)

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