# Rhabdosargus

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Genus of fishes

Rhabdosargus Rhabdosargus sarba Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Actinopterygii Order: Acanthuriformes Family: Sparidae Genus: Rhabdosargus Fowler, 1933 Type species Sargus auriventris Peters, 1855[1] Synonyms[1] Austrosparus J. L. B. Smith, 1938 Prionosparus J. L. B. Smith, 1942

***Rhabdosargus*** is a [genus](/source/Genus) of [ray-finned fish](/source/Actinopterygii) belonging to the [family](/source/Family_(taxonomy)) [Sparidae](/source/Sparidae), which includes the seabreams and porgies. These fishes are found in the southeastern Atlantic Ocean and throughout the [Indo-West Pacific](/source/Indo-West_Pacific), although mainly in the western Indian Ocean.

## Taxonomy

*Rhabdosargus* was first proposed as a [monospecific genus](/source/Monospecific_genus) in 1933 by the American [zoologist](/source/Zoologist) [Henry Weed Fowler](/source/Henry_Weed_Fowler) with *Sparus auriventris* as its only species and designated as its [type species](/source/Type_species).[1] *Sargus auriventris* had been first formally [described](/source/Species_description) in 1855 by [Wilhelm Peters](/source/Wilhelm_Peters) from Mozambique. *S. auriventris* is considered to be a [junior synonym](/source/Junior_synonym) of *Sparus sarba*[2] which had been described in 1789 by [Johann Friedrich Gmelin](/source/Johann_Friedrich_Gmelin) from notes written by [Peter Forsskål](/source/Peter_Forssk%C3%A5l).[3] The genus *Rhabdosargus* is placed in the family Sparidae within the [order](/source/Order_(biology)) [Spariformes](/source/Spariformes) by the 5th edition of *[Fishes of the World](/source/Fishes_of_the_World)*.[4] Some authorities classify this genus in the subfamily Sparinae,[5] but the 5th edition of Fishes of the World does not recognise subfamilies within the Sparidae.[4]

## Etymology

*Rhabdosargus* is a combination of *rhabdos*, meaning "stick" or "rod", an allusion to the yellow abdominal band of *Sargus auriventris*, the type species. The second part is *Sargos*, a name used for Sparid fish in [ancient Greek](/source/Ancient_Greek) at least as long ago as [Aristotle](/source/Aristotle) but in this case is a reference to *Sargus* as a [synonym](/source/Synonym_(taxonomy)) of *[Diplodus](/source/Diplodus)*.[6]

## Species

*Rhabdosargus* contains the following 6 valid species:[7]

- *[Rhabdosargus globiceps](/source/Rhabdosargus_globiceps)* [Valenciennes](/source/Achille_Valenciennes), 1830 (White stumpnose)

- *[Rhabdosargus haffara](/source/Rhabdosargus_haffara)* [Fabricius](/source/Johan_Christian_Fabricius), 1775 (Haffara seabream)

- *[Rhabdosargus holubi](/source/Rhabdosargus_holubi)* [Steindachner](/source/Franz_Steindachner), 1881 (Cape stumpnose)

- *[Rhabdosargus niger](/source/Rhabdosargus_niger)* [F. Tanaka](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fumiya_Tanaka_(biologist)&action=edit&redlink=1) & [Iwatsuki](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yukio_Iwatsuki&action=edit&redlink=1), 2013 (Blackish stumpnose) [8]

- *[Rhabdosargus sarba](/source/Rhabdosargus_sarba)* [Gmelin](/source/Johann_Friedrich_Gmelin) (ex [Forsskål](/source/Peter_Forssk%C3%A5l)), 1789 (Goldlined seabream)

- *[Rhabdosargus thorpei](/source/Rhabdosargus_thorpei)* [M. M. Smith](/source/Margaret_Mary_Smith), 1979 (Bigeye stumpnose)

## Characteristics

*Rhabdosargus* seabreams are characterised by having more than 50 scales in the [lateral line](/source/Lateral_line). The jaws have between 4 and six similarly sized [incisor-like](/source/Incisor) teeth as the front with no more than 3 rows of molars to the rear of them which become increasing trapezoid towards the rear of the jaws. The area between the eyes, the soft rayed part s of both the [dorsal](/source/Dorsal_fin) and [anal fins](/source/Anal_fin) are naked and the flange of the [preoperculum](/source/Preoperculum) are all scaleless, although the preopercular flange may have a few scales on it.[9] The goldined seabream (*R. sarba*) is the largest species in the genus with a maximum published [total length](/source/Total_length) of 80 cm (31 in) while with a maximum published [standard length](/source/Standard_length) of 28.9 cm (11.4 in) the blackish stumpnose (*R. niger*) is the smallest.[7]

## Distribution and habitat

*Rhabdosargus* seabreams are found in the southeastern Atlantic Ocean and in the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean.[7] They are found in coastal waters, often over sand substrates with the juveniles often using estuaries as nursery areas.[9]

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-CofF_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-CofF_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-CofF_1-2) Fricke, Ron; [Eschmeyer, William N.](/source/William_N._Eschmeyer) & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). ["Genera in the family Sparidae"](http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?tbl=genus&family=Sparidae). *[Catalog of Fishes](/source/Catalog_of_Fishes)*. [California Academy of Sciences](/source/California_Academy_of_Sciences). Retrieved 15 February 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-CofF2_2-0)** Fricke, Ron; [Eschmeyer, William N.](/source/William_N._Eschmeyer) & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). ["Species in the genus *Rhabdosargus*"](http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?tbl=species&genus=Rhabdosargus). *[Catalog of Fishes](/source/Catalog_of_Fishes)*. [California Academy of Sciences](/source/California_Academy_of_Sciences). Retrieved 15 February 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Fricke_3-0)** [Fricke, R.](/source/Ronald_Fricke) (2008). ["Authorship, availability and validity of fish names described by Peter (Pehr) Simon Forsskål and Johann Christian Fabricius in the 'Descriptiones animalium' by Carsten Niebuhr in 1775 (Pisces)"](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235686196). *Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde A, Neue Serie*. **1**: 1–76.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Nelson5_4-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Nelson5_4-1) [Nelson, J.S.](/source/Joseph_S._Nelson); Grande, T.C.; Wilson, M.V.H. (2016). *Fishes of the World* (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: [John Wiley & Sons](/source/John_Wiley_%26_Sons). pp. 502–506. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1002/9781119174844](https://doi.org/10.1002%2F9781119174844). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-118-34233-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-118-34233-6). [LCCN](/source/LCCN_(identifier)) [2015037522](https://lccn.loc.gov/2015037522). [OCLC](/source/OCLC_(identifier)) [951899884](https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/951899884). [OL](/source/OL_(identifier)) [25909650M](https://openlibrary.org/books/OL25909650M).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Parenti_5-0)** Parenti, P. (2019). ["An annotated checklist of the fishes of the family Sparidae"](https://fishtaxa.com/menuscript/index.php/ft/article/view/49/52). *FishTaxa*. **4** (2): 47–98.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-ETYFish_6-0)** Christopher Scharpf (12 January 2024). ["Order ACANTHURIFORMES (part 6): Families GERREIDAE, LETHRINIDAE, NEMIPTERIDAE and SPARIDAE"](https://etyfish.org/acanthuriformes6/). *The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database*. Christopher Scharpf. Retrieved 15 February 2024.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Fishbase_7-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Fishbase_7-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Fishbase_7-2) [Froese, Rainer](/source/Rainer_Froese); [Pauly, Daniel](/source/Daniel_Pauly) (eds.). ["Species in genus *Rhabdosargus*"](https://www.fishbase.org/identification/SpeciesList.php?genus=Rhabdosargus). *[FishBase](/source/FishBase)*. February 2023 version.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Tanaka2013_8-0)** Tanaka, F. & Iwatsuki, Y. (2013):*Rhabdosargus niger* (Perciformes: Sparidae), a new sparid species from Indonesia, with taxonomic status of the nominal species synonymized under *Rhabdosargus sarba*. *Ichthyological Research, 60 (4): 343-352.*

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-WIOF_9-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-WIOF_9-1) Yukio Iwatsuki and Phillip C Heemstra (2022). "Family Sparidae". In [Phillip C Heemstra](/source/Phil_Heemstra); Elaine Heemstra; David A Ebert; Wouter Holleman; and [John E Randall](/source/John_Ernest_Randall) (eds.). [*Coastal Fishes of the Western Indian Ocean*](https://saiab.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/1._wiof_volume_3_text.pdf) (PDF). Vol. 3. South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity. pp. 284–315. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-990951-32-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-990951-32-9).

Taxon identifiers Rhabdosargus Wikidata: Q2279773 Wikispecies: Rhabdosargus AFD: Rhabdosargus BOLD: 3460 CoL: 784T GBIF: 2392317 iNaturalist: 91684 IRMNG: 1023318 ITIS: 647856 NCBI: 119743 Open Tree of Life: 321037 WoRMS: 204190

Authority control databases: National Israel

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Rhabdosargus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhabdosargus) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhabdosargus?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.