# Remedello culture

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Culture during the Copper Age in Northern Italy

Remedello culture Geographical range North Italy Period Chalcolithic Dates 3400–2400 BCE Preceded by Lagozza culture, Square-mouthed vases culture Followed by Bell Beaker culture, Polada culture

The **Remedello culture** (Italian *Cultura di Remedello*) developed during the [Copper Age](/source/Prehistoric_Italy#Copper_Age) (4th and 3rd millennium BCE) in [Northern Italy](/source/Northern_Italy), particularly in the area of the [Po Valley](/source/Po_Valley). The name comes from the town of [Remedello](/source/Remedello) ([Brescia](/source/Brescia)) where several burials were discovered in the late 19th century.[1]

## First excavations

Engravings of Remedello-type daggers at [Valcamonica](/source/Rock_Drawings_in_Valcamonica)

The first burials were discovered in the winter of 1884, the excavations were initiated by Gaetano Chierici, but, as a result of the low temperatures, he fell ill and died. The excavations continued under the direction of [Giovanni Bandieri](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Giovanni_Bandieri&action=edit&redlink=1), who moved the relics to the Museum of [Reggio Emilia](/source/Reggio_Emilia).[2]

## The burials

The Copper Age graves contained a single body in a crouching or supine position with the head facing north-west.[2]

The male set was represented by arrows, stone daggers and polished stone axes, with a few tombs having axes and daggers or ornaments made of copper.[2]

The female burials are accompanied by ceramic vessels or (in rare occasions) ornaments. The graves of children contained simple kits of flint stone.[2]

Among the noteworthy items found noteworthy were extremely accurate works in flint stone such as axes and other weapons, and objects in copper and arsenical silver (arms, pins, pectorals, bracelets), all of them characterized by decorative elements of eastern origin.[1]

## Genetics

C. Quiles (2021) gathered three ancient DNA results for the Remedello culture: two I2-L460, and one G2a2a.[3] There is also some evidence for patrilocality.[4]

## Chronology

Although most of the discovered tombs date to the [Chalcolithic](/source/Chalcolithic), burials from the [Bronze Age](/source/Bronze_Age) and the [Iron Age](/source/Iron_Age) have also been recovered.

The Remedello culture has been recently periodized by scholars into two distinct historical periods both dating back to the Copper Age.[2]

Remedello I : 3400 [5] / 3200 BCE – 2800 BCE, or ancient Copper Age stage;

Remedello II: 2900 [5] / 2800 BCE – 2400 BCE, or full Copper Age stage.

## Gallery

		- Engraved stone from the Italian alps, c. 2500 BC

		- Engraved stone from the Italian alps

## Notes

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-encarta_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-encarta_1-1) [""Cultura di Remedello" su MSN Encarta"](https://web.archive.org/web/20050313183505/http://it.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_981532187/Cultura_di_Remedello.html). Archived from [the original](https://it.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_981532187/Cultura_di_Remedello.html) on 2005-03-13. Retrieved 2009-10-06.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-museiromagna_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-museiromagna_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-museiromagna_2-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-museiromagna_2-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-museiromagna_2-4) [""Sepolcreto di Remedello Sotto (Bs)" su Musei Civici di Romagna"](https://web.archive.org/web/20120310100906/http://www.comune.re.it/Museo/museire.nsf/Musei/79C472E25B7EE7B1C1256ED1004AD89E?OpenDocument). Archived from [the original](http://www.comune.re.it/Museo/museire.nsf/Musei/79C472E25B7EE7B1C1256ED1004AD89E?OpenDocument) on 2012-03-10. Retrieved 2009-10-06.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** carlosquiles, all-ancient-dna-2-07-73.xlsx, latest version of 27.08.2021

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Saupe, Tina; Montinaro, Francesco; Scaggion, Cinzia; Carrara, Nicola; Kivisild, Toomas; D’Atanasio, Eugenia; Hui, Ruoyun; Solnik, Anu; Lebrasseur, Ophélie; Larson, Greger; Alessandri, Luca; Arienzo, Ilenia; De Angelis, Flavio; Rolfo, Mario Federico; Skeates, Robin (June 2021). ["Ancient genomes reveal structural shifts after the arrival of Steppe-related ancestry in the Italian Peninsula"](https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0960982221005352). *Current Biology*. **31** (12): 2576–2591.e12. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/j.cub.2021.04.022](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cub.2021.04.022).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-iipp_5-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-iipp_5-1) ["Atti della XXXI riunione scientifica IIPP "La Valle d'Aosta nel quadro della preistoria e protostoria dell'arco alpino centro-occidentale" su "Istituto Italiano di Preistoria e Protostoria""](http://www.iipp.it/?p=575). 3 September 2007. Retrieved 2009-10-06.

## See also

Chalcolithic Eneolithic, Aeneolithic, or Copper Age ↑ Stone Age ↑ Neolithic By region Africa (2600 BC–1600 AD) Naqada culture, Gerzeh culture, A-Group culture, C-Group culture, Kerma culture West Asia (6000–3500 BC) Levant, Ghassulian culture, Uruk period Europe (5500–2200 BC) Metallurgy during the Copper Age in Europe Vinča culture, Varna culture Cucuteni–Trypillia culture Yamna culture, Corded Ware Cernavodă culture, Decea Mureşului culture, Gorneşti culture, Gumelniţa–Karanovo culture, Petreşti culture, Coțofeni culture Remedello culture, Gaudo culture, Monte Claro culture Central Asia (3700–1700 BC) Botai culture, BMAC culture, Afanasevo culture South Asia (4300–1800 BC) Periodisation of the Indus Valley civilisation, Bhirrana culture, Hakra Ware culture Ahar–Banas culture Kaytha culture, Malwa culture, Savalda Culture, Jorwe culture, Anarta tradition Ajay culture China (5000–2900 BC) Mesoamerica (6500–1000 BC) Related topics Metallurgy, Wheel, Domestication of the horse ↓ Bronze Age ↓ Iron Age v t e

- [Bagnolo stele](/source/Bagnolo_stele)

- [Beaker culture](/source/Beaker_culture)

- [Chalcolithic](/source/Chalcolithic)

- [Prehistoric Italy](/source/Prehistoric_Italy)

## External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Remedello culture](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Remedello_culture).

- [""Cultura di Remedello" su MSN Encarta"](https://web.archive.org/web/20050313183505/http://it.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_981532187/Cultura_di_Remedello.html). Archived from [the original](https://it.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_981532187/Cultura_di_Remedello.html) on 2005-03-13. Retrieved 2009-10-06.

- [""Sepolcreto di Remedello Sotto (Bs)" su Musei Civici di Romagna"](https://web.archive.org/web/20120310100906/http://www.comune.re.it/Museo/museire.nsf/Musei/79C472E25B7EE7B1C1256ED1004AD89E?OpenDocument). Archived from [the original](http://www.comune.re.it/Museo/museire.nsf/Musei/79C472E25B7EE7B1C1256ED1004AD89E?OpenDocument) on 2012-03-10. Retrieved 2009-10-06.

- ["Atti della XXXI riunione scientifica IIPP "La Valle d'Aosta nel quadro della preistoria e protostoria dell'arco alpino centro-occidentale" su "Istituto Italiano di Preistoria e Protostoria""](http://www.iipp.it/?p=575). 3 September 2007. Retrieved 2009-10-06.

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Remedello culture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remedello_culture) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remedello_culture?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.