# Relictithismia

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***Relictithismia kimotsukiensis*** is a species of fairy lanterns. It is placed either in the family [Thismiaceae](/source/Thismiaceae),[1] or in the family [Burmanniaceae](/source/Burmanniaceae) by those who do not recognize Thismiaceae.[3] It is the only species in the genus ***Relictithismia***. This [mycoheterotrophic](/source/Myco-heterotrophy) plant is known only from the [Kimotsuki Mountains](/source/Kimotsuki), in the [Ōsumi Peninsula](/source/%C5%8Csumi_Peninsula), [Kagoshima Prefecture](/source/Kagoshima_Prefecture), [Kyushu Island](/source/Kyushu_Island), in the southern [Japan](/source/Japan).[1][2] The species is assessed as Critically Endangered based on IUCN Guidelines.[1]

## Description

Like related genera, *Relictithismia* lacks [chlorophyll](/source/Chlorophyll) and feeds on fungi. The genus is distinguished from the closely related *[Haplothismia](/source/Haplothismia)* by its solitary flowers, having an annulus, and anther thecae largely separated, whereas in *[Haplothismia](/source/Haplothismia)* the 2-6 flowers are borne on pseudoracemes, without annulus, and the anther thecae are connate.[1][2] Flowering individuals, as well as individuals with immature fruits, were observed and collected in the month of June.[1]

## Taxonomy

The genus and species were first described in 2024. The genus name is derived from the combination of Latin words "*relictus*", meaning "left behind", and the generic name "*[Thismia](/source/Thismia)*", whereas the species name "*kimotsukiensis*" refers to the type locality of the species, [Mt. Kimotsuki](/source/Kimotsuki).[1][2]

## Distribution

This species is known only from the type locality in the Kimotsuki Mountains, in the Kagoshima Prefecture, Kyushu Island, in southern Japan.[1][2]

## References

1. Suetsugu, Kenji; Nakamura, Yasunori; Nakano, Takafumi; Tagane, Shuichiro (2024-02-29). "*Relictithismia kimotsukiensis*, a new genus and species of Thismiaceae from southern Japan with discussions on its phylogenetic relationship". *Journal of Plant Research*. **137** (3): 411–422. [Bibcode:2024JPlR..137..411S](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024JPlR..137..411S). [doi:10.1007/s10265-024-01532-5](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-024-01532-5). [hdl:20.500.14094/0100486392](https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14094/0100486392). [ISSN 1618-0860](https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1618-0860). [PMC 11082003](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11082003). [PMID 38421521](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38421521)

1. Pskhun (2024-03-01). ["Species New to Science: \[Botany • 2024\] *Relictithismia kimotsukiensis* (Thismiaceae) • A New Genus and Species from southern Japan with discussions on its phylogenetic relationship"](https://novataxa.blogspot.com/2024/03/relictithismia.html). *Species New to Science*. Retrieved 2024-03-02.

1. Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV". *[Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society](/source/Botanical_Journal_of_the_Linnean_Society)*. **181** (1): 1–20. [doi:10.1111/boj.12385](https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12385)

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