# Razdolnaya

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{{Other uses|Razdolny (disambiguation){{!}}Razdolny}}
{{Infobox river
  | name              = Razdolnaya, Suifen
  | image             = Razdolnaya River from Baranovsky volcano.jpg
  | image_caption     = 
  | source1_location  = Confluence of Xiaosuifen and Dasuifen rivers
| mouth             = [Sea of Japan](/source/Sea_of_Japan)
| mouth_location    = [Amur Bay](/source/Amur_Bay)
| mouth_coordinates = {{coord|43|19|32|N|131|48|28|E|type:river_source:kolossus-ruwiki|display=it}}
  | subdivision_type1 = Country
  | subdivision_name1 = [People's Republic of China](/source/People's_Republic_of_China), [Russia](/source/Russia)
  | length_km = 242
  | source1_elevation = {{convert|880|m|ft|abbr=on}}
  | mouth_elevation   = {{convert|0|m|ft|abbr=on}}
  | discharge1_avg    = {{convert|81.3|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}} (near mouth)
  | basin_size_km2 = 16830
}}
The '''Razdolnaya''' ({{langx|ru|Раздольная}}, formerly: Суйфун ''Suyfun'')<ref>[https://rosreestr.ru/upload/Doc/21-upr/237%20%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%93.pdf Словарь названий гидрографических объектов России и других стран — членов СНГ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306131810/https://rosreestr.ru/upload/Doc/21-upr/237%20%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%A1%D0%9D%D0%93.pdf |date=2016-03-06 }}, Federal Service for Geodesy and Cartography of Russia, 1999, p. 312</ref> or '''Suifen''' ({{zh|s=绥芬河|t=綏芬河|p=Suífēn Hé}}) is a [river](/source/river) in [People's Republic of China](/source/People's_Republic_of_China) and [Russia](/source/Russia). It flows into the [Amur Bay](/source/Amur_Bay) of the [Sea of Japan](/source/Sea_of_Japan).<ref>[http://bse.sci-lib.com/article095149.html Раздольная], [Great Soviet Encyclopedia](/source/Great_Soviet_Encyclopedia)</ref>

==The name==
''Suifen'' is the [Manchu](/source/Manchu_language) word {{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠰᡠᡳ᠌ᡶ᠋ᡠᠨ}} ''(suifun)'' for awl,<ref>{{cite book |author = [Захаров И. И.](/source/Ivan_Zakharov) |title = Полный Маньчжурско-Русский словарь (Complete Manchu-Russian dictionary) |location = [СПб.](/source/Saint_Petersburg) |publisher = [Наука](/source/Nauka_(publisher)) |year = 1875 |pages = 1014 |isbn =  |url = https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/zakharov.pdf |archivedate = 2022-08-29 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20220829224307/https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/zakharov.pdf }}</ref> referring to the shape of a species of ''[Oncomelania](/source/Oncomelania)'' snail.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.suifenhe.gov.cn/English/y_sfhjs/y_lsyg.htm |title=........: Suifenhe City of China :...... |website=www.suifenhe.gov.cn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070101015436/http://www.suifenhe.gov.cn/English/y_sfhjs/y_lsyg.htm |archive-date=2007-01-01}} </ref>

In Russian, the river was originally known under the same Manchu / Chinese name (rendered as Суйфун (Suifun) in Russian). In 1972, in the aftermath of the [Zhenbao Island](/source/Zhenbao_Island) incident (1969), [toponym](/source/toponym)s of Chinese origin in [Primorsky Krai](/source/Primorsky_Krai) were [replaced en masse with newly designed Russian names](/source/Renaming_of_geographical_objects_in_the_Russian_Far_East); as part of this project, the Russian part of the Suifen received the name ''Razdolnaya'', which can be translated from Russian as "widely flowing".

==Geography==
The source of the Suifen is the [confluence](/source/confluence) of the [Xiaosuifen (Lesser Suifen) River](/source/Xiaosuifen_River) and the [Dasuifen (Greater Suifen) River](/source/Dasuifen_River) in [Heilongjiang](/source/Heilongjiang).

[Suifenhe City](/source/Suifenhe_City) was named after the Chinese name of the river. Downstream of the city, the river enters Russian territory, and flows into [Amur Bay](/source/Amur_Bay) through [Khanka Lowlands](/source/Khanka_Lowlands).

The length of the river is {{convert|245|km|mi}}, of which {{convert|191|km|mi}} is in Russia; the [drainage basin](/source/drainage_basin) covers {{convert|16830|km2|mi2}}.<ref name=gvr>{{GVR|297535|Река Суйфун}}</ref>

The major tributaries of the river are the [Granitnaya](/source/Granitnaya) (99&nbsp;km), the [Borisovka](/source/Borisovka_(river)) (86&nbsp;km) and the [Komarovka](/source/Komarovka_(river)) (76&nbsp;km, main tributary [Rakovka](/source/Rakovka_(river))).<ref>[http://primpogoda.ru/articles/reki_primorya/reka_razdolnaya/ primpogoda.ru]</ref> The city [Ussuriysk](/source/Ussuriysk) was founded in 1866 at the confluence of the Suifen and Komarovka rivers.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Heilongjiang topics}}

{{China Rivers}}

Category:Drainage basins of the Sea of Japan
Category:Rivers of Heilongjiang
Category:Rivers of Primorsky Krai

{{PrimorskyKrai-geo-stub}}
{{China-river-stub}}
{{FarEast-Russia-river-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Razdolnaya](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Razdolnaya) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Razdolnaya?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.