# Ravula

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{{Short description|Tribal community in India}}
{{Redirect|Adiya|the language spoken in [Central Ethiopia](/source/Central_Ethiopia_Regional_State)|Hadiyya_language}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}

{{Infobox ethnic group
| group = Ravula
| native_name = 
| native_name_lang = 
| languages = [Ravula](/source/Ravula_language){{*}}[Malayalam](/source/Malayalam)
| religions = [Animism](/source/Animism){{*}}[Hinduism](/source/Hinduism)
| related_groups = 
| image = Kambala Dance (കംബള നൃത്തം) 01.jpg
| image_caption = Kambala Dance performed by Ravula Tribals
| population = 41,885
| popplace = {{flag|India}}
| total_ref = <ref name="census">{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/ST.html|title=A-11 Individual Scheduled Tribe Primary Census Abstract Data and its Appendix|publisher=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|website=www.censusindia.gov.in|access-date=18 November 2017}}</ref>
| region1 = [Karnataka](/source/Karnataka)
| pop1 = 30,359
| region2 = [Kerala](/source/Kerala)
| pop2 = 11,526
}}

The '''Ravula''' ('''Adiyar''' in [Malayalam](/source/Malayalam), '''Yerava''' in [Kannada](/source/Kannada), {{ipa|yea|raːʋuɭɐ, jerɐʋɐ, ɐɖijɐr|ipa}}) are a tribal community or indigenous community in Karnataka and Kerala in India. Their common language is known as the [Ravula language](/source/Ravula_language).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ethnologue.com/language/yea |title=Ravula |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |publisher=Ethnologue }}</ref> They live predominantly the [Kodagu district](/source/Kodagu_district) of [Karnataka](/source/Karnataka) along with its adjacent regions in the districts of [Kannur](/source/Kannur_district) and [Wayanad](/source/Wayanad_district) in [Kerala](/source/Kerala). Most of them are agricultural workers and are in the process of detribalization. It is believed that they were agricultural serfs in the past. During the annual festival at the Valliyurkkavu temple in [Mananthavady](/source/Mananthavady), [Wayand](/source/Wayanad_district), the Adyar people gather to trade services with landlords.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/24419/11/11_chapter4.pdf|title=An overview of tribal economy|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|date=Jan 2013|newspaper=Shodhaganga}}</ref>

Their settlements are called 'Kunju.' They are monogamous, and mostly practice negotiated marriage, although there are several elopement marriages among them. They are mostly agricultural laborers in coffee plantations and tea estates, although some are employed by the Forest Department or in other occupations. Yerevan tribals believe in magic, and are animists, although they still perform worship to Hindu deities like [Chamundeswariamma](/source/Chamunda) and Kaveriamma. They have their own system of medicines.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hj0yieJ8O2YC&dq=Bio-social+Issues+in+Health+yerava&pg=PA506|title=Bio-social Issues in Health|last=Sinha|first=Anil Kishore|publisher=Northern Book Centre|year=2008|isbn=9788172112257|pages=506}}</ref>

==Culture==
There are many customs and rituals practiced among the Adiyas who believe in witchcraft.<ref name="keralaculture">{{cite web |title=Gaddika - a tribal art form of Kerala |url=http://www.keralaculture.org/malayalam/gaddika/602 |website=keralaculture.org |publisher=Department of Culture, Government of Kerala |date=22 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190422232122/http://www.keralaculture.org/malayalam/gaddika/602 |archive-date=22 April 2019 }}</ref> [Gadhika](/source/Gadhika) is a ritual dance form performed by them to cure disease, ward off miseries and [evil eye](/source/evil_eye), and safe delivery of child.<ref name="Tourism">{{cite web |title=Gadhika, Tribal dances, Wayanad, Kerala, India |url=https://www.keralatourism.org/wayanad/gadhika-tribal-dance.php |website=Kerala Tourism - Wayanad |publisher=Department of Tourism, Government of Kerala |language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Commonscatinline|Adiyan}}
https://sites.google.com/view/focusonpeople/major-tribes-in-kerala 
Category:Society of Kerala
Category:Society of Karnataka
Category:Scheduled Tribes of India
Category:Dravidian peoples
Category:Social groups of Kerala
Category:Social groups of Karnataka
Category:Adivasi people

{{India-ethno-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Ravula](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravula) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravula?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.