# Rapture (composition)

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***Rapture*** is an [orchestral](/source/Orchestra) composition in one movement by the American composer [Christopher Rouse](/source/Christopher_Rouse_(composer)). The work was commissioned by the [Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra](/source/Pittsburgh_Symphony_Orchestra) and was completed January 9, 2000. It is dedicated to then Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra music director [Mariss Jansons](/source/Mariss_Jansons) and premiered in May 2000.[1][2]

## Composition

*Rapture* is markedly more tonal than Rouse's earlier compositions.[2][3] In the program notes to the score, Rouse commented, "With the exception of my Christmas work, *[Karolju](/source/Karolju)*, this is the most unabashedly tonal music I have composed. I wished to depict a progression to an ever more blinding ecstasy, but the entire work inhabits a world devoid of darkness -- hence the almost complete lack of sustained dissonance."[1] The piece is also built around "gradually increasing tempi" gains speed over the course of its roughly 11 minutes.[1][3]

Despite the religious title of the work, Rouse did not intend *Rapture* to be [sacred music](/source/Religious_music). He further commented, "...the piece is not connected to any specific religious source. Rather, I used the word 'rapture' to convey a sense of spiritual bliss, religious or otherwise."[1]

### Instrumentation

*Rapture* is scored for orchestra comprising three [flutes](/source/Western_concert_flute), three [oboes](/source/Oboe), three [clarinets](/source/Clarinet), three [bassoons](/source/Bassoon), four [French horns](/source/French_horn), four [trumpets](/source/Trumpet), four [trombones](/source/Trombone), [tuba](/source/Tuba), [harp](/source/Pedal_harp), [timpani](/source/Timpani) (two players), three [percussionists](/source/Percussion_instrument) ([bass drum](/source/Bass_drum), five [triangles](/source/Triangle_(musical_instrument)), [tam-tam](/source/Gong#Chau_gong_.28Tam-tam.29), [China cymbal](/source/China_cymbal), [suspended cymbal](/source/Suspended_cymbal), [chimes](/source/Tubular_bells), [glockenspiel](/source/Glockenspiel), and [antique cymbals](/source/Crotales)), and [strings](/source/String_section) ([violins](/source/Violin) I & II, [violas](/source/Viola), [violoncellos](/source/Violoncello), and [double basses](/source/Double_bass)).[1]

## Reception

David Gutman of *[Gramophone](/source/Gramophone_(magazine))* gave the piece moderate praise, commenting, "Some readers will welcome its frank [neo-romanticism](/source/Neo-romanticism). I wasn’t so sure. The piece is conceived as an increasingly active journey towards an isle of bliss that’s a good deal noisier than [Rautavaara](/source/Einojuhani_Rautavaara)’s. In doing so it trades on [Sibelian](/source/Jean_Sibelius) riffs and resonances with less freshness than, say, [John Adams](/source/John_Adams_(composer))’ *El Dorado*."[4] [Tim Smith](/source/Tim_Smith_(journalist)) of *[The Baltimore Sun](/source/The_Baltimore_Sun)* lauded the work, writing:

The score starts with low, soft rumbles and questioning melodic flurries that, as tempo and harmonic tension subtly increase, lead inexorably toward an incandescent aural light. There is something communal about the experience, as if the music is trying to pull orchestra and audience alike into some sort of benevolent maelstrom that takes you higher and higher.[5]

## References

1. [Rouse, Christopher](/source/Christopher_Rouse_(composer)). [Rapture: Program Note by the Composer](http://www.christopherrouse.com/rapturepress.html). 2000. Retrieved March 11, 2015.

1. Druckenbrod, Andrew (May 5, 2000). ["Classical Music Preview: Gloomy composer Christopher Rouse turns toward the light with 'Rapture'"](https://web.archive.org/web/20150713064442/http://old.post-gazette.com/magazine/20000505rouse5.asp). *[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette](/source/Pittsburgh_Post-Gazette)*. Archived from [the original](http://old.post-gazette.com/magazine/20000505rouse5.asp) on July 13, 2015. Retrieved March 11, 2015.

1. Adashi, Judah E. (May 30, 2008). ["Season finale to honor local musical lights"](https://www.baltimoresun.com/2008/05/30/season-finale-to-honor-local-musical-lights/). *[The Baltimore Sun](/source/The_Baltimore_Sun)*. Retrieved March 11, 2015.

1. Gutman, David (June 2004). ["Rouse Violin Concerto; Rapture; (Der) gerettete Alberich"](http://www.gramophone.co.uk/review/rouse-violin-concerto-rapture-der-gerettete-alberich). *[Gramophone](/source/Gramophone_(magazine))*. Retrieved March 11, 2015.

1. Smith, Tim (October 24, 2014). ["A feast of sonic showpieces brings out the best in Marin Alsop, Baltimore Symphony"](http://www.baltimoresun.com/entertainment/arts/artsmash/bal-marin-alsop-baltimore-symphony-offer-feast-of-sonic-showpieces-20141024-story.html). *[The Baltimore Sun](/source/The_Baltimore_Sun)*. Retrieved June 13, 2015.

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Rapture (composition)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapture_(composition)) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapture_(composition)?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.