# Rainer Ortleb

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German academic and politician

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Rainer Ortleb Bundesminister a. D. Ortleb in 1990 Leader of the Liberal Democratic Party In office 10 February 1990 – 11 August 1990 Preceded by Manfred Gerlach Succeeded by Position abolished Otto Graf Lambsdorff (as Leader of the Free Democratic Party) Minister of Education and Research In office 12 January 1991 – 4 February 1994 Chancellor Helmut Kohl Preceded by Jürgen Möllemann Succeeded by Karl-Hans Laermann Minister for Special Affairs In office 3 October 1990 – 17 January 1991 Serving with Hans Klein, Rudolf Seiters, Lothar de Maizière, Sabine Bergmann-Pohl, Günther Krause, Hansjoachim Walther Chancellor Helmut Kohl Preceded by Position established Succeeded by Position abolished Leader of Die Liberalen group in the Volkskammer In office 5 April 1990 – 2 October 1990 Preceded by Position established Succeeded by Wolfgang Mischnick (as Leader of the Free Democratic Party in the Bundestag) Parliamentary constituencies Member of the Bundestag for Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (Volkskammer; 1990) In office 3 October 1990 – 26 October 1998 Preceded by Constituency established Succeeded by multi-member district Member of the Volkskammer for Dresden In office 5 April 1990 – 2 October 1990 Preceded by Constituency established Succeeded by Constituency abolished Personal details Born (1944-06-05) 5 June 1944 (age 82) Gera, Thuringia, Soviet occupation zone (now Germany) Party Independent Other party Free Democratic Party (1990–2001) Liberal Democratic Party (1968–1990) Children 2 Alma mater Dresden University of Technology (Dr. rer. nat.) (Dr.-Ing. habil.) Occupation Politician Academic Mathematician

**Rainer Ortleb** (born 5 June 1944) is a German academic and politician.

From October 1990 he served under [Helmut Kohl](/source/Helmut_Kohl) as a [Federal Minister for Special Affairs](/source/Federal_Minister_for_Special_Affairs_of_Germany) in Germany's [first post-reunification government](/source/Third_Kohl_cabinet). In the [next government](/source/Fourth_Kohl_cabinet), between 1991 and 1994, he served as [Federal Minister of Education and Research](/source/Federal_Ministry_of_Education_and_Research_(Germany)).[1][2]

## Life

### Early years

Ortleb was born directly after the [war](/source/Eastern_Front_(World_War_II)) in the eastern part of [Thuringia](/source/Thuringia), then a part of the [Soviet occupation zone](/source/Soviet_occupation_zone) in what had until recently been central southern Germany. During his early years the zone became the newly created [German Democratic Republic](/source/German_Democratic_Republic). Ortleb successfully completed his schooling in 1962 and undertook military service with the [National People's Army](/source/National_People's_Army) until 1964, then signing up as an [army reserve officer](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserveoffizier).[1]

### Academic

He studied [Mathematics](/source/Mathematics) at [Dresden](/source/Dresden_University_of_Technology), obtaining his first degree in 1963 and his [doctorate](/source/RNDr) in 1971.[2] In 1977 he became a senior research assistant, still at the [Dresden University of Technology](/source/Dresden_University_of_Technology). Here, for several years, he also headed up an "Army Reserve Collective", in the end reaching the rank of lieutenant.[3] Further academic promotion ([Habilitation](/source/Habilitation)) to the status of ["Dr.-Ing. (engineering)"](/source/Doctor_(title)#Germany) followed in 1983, on the basis of a paper entitled *"Baustein-Terminal in Dialogsystemen"*, after which his academic work focused on Information Systems.[4] He moved north in 1984, to [Rostock University](/source/University_of_Rostock) where he lectured on information systems processing, was appointed an associate professor in 1989, and where he worked from 1992 to 1998 as Professor for Technical Systems Applications Software.[4]

### Political

Ortleb joined the [Liberal Democratic Party of Germany (LDPD)](/source/Liberal_Democratic_Party_of_Germany) in 1968. The East German LDPD was one of five constituent [Bloc parties](/source/Bloc_party_(politics)) controlled by the country's ruling [SED party](/source/Socialist_Unity_Party_of_Germany) through a political structure called the [National Front](/source/National_Front_(East_Germany)). He subsequently held various positions within the LDPD, joining the regional party secretariat for [Dresden](/source/Dresden) in 1976. His political career started moving to Rostock before his academic career, and in 1978 he was elected LDPD regional chairman for the [Rostock](/source/Rostock) region. In 1982, however, he was additionally appointed chairman of the LDPD's district executive for the party in Dresden-south.[1] At the LDPD party conference at [Weimar](/source/Weimar) on 3 March 1977, he appeared, not for the last time at a party conference, in his [army](/source/National_People's_Army) uniform and gave a rousing speech in praise of national defense.[5] He spoke with eloquence and some passion: "My first argument is visible to you all, this uniform ... the result, the exercise in the art of war, is forced on us daily by the actions of the imperialists"[6] Western observers subsequently identified more than a trace of irony in his performance.[7]

The [Berlin Wall was breached](/source/Die_Wende) in November, ushering in a period of [rapid transition](/source/Peaceful_Revolution) which by August 1990 had led to [German reunification](/source/German_reunification). On 10 February 1990 the LDPD held a Special Party Conference at Dresden, the outcome of which was a new name and a new Party Chairman. The new name was actually the old name which the party had been required to abandon in 1951. The Liberal Democratic Party (LPD / *Liberal-Demokratische Partei*) elected Rainer Ortleb as its new chairman - effectively the party leader - in succession to [Manfred Gerlach](/source/Manfred_Gerlach). East Germany's first and last national [free election](/source/1990_East_German_general_election) took place in March 1990 with the party (in [alliance](/source/Association_of_Free_Democrats) with a couple of recently emerged like minded and short-lived groupings) won 21 seats under Ortleb's leadership, and a junior role in East Germany's governing coalition under [Lothar de Maizière](/source/Lothar_de_Maizi%C3%A8re). Ortleb's career as a party leader was cut short in August 1990, however, when his LDP merged with its West German counterpart, the [FDP (*Freie Demokratische Partei*)](/source/Free_Democratic_Party_(Germany)).

Following the merger of the LDP with the FDP Rainer Ortleb became regional party chairman in [Mecklenburg-Vorpommern](/source/Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) between 1991 and 1994. In 1997 he became the FDP regional party chairman in [Saxony](/source/Saxony), becoming in the process the only FDP politician to be a regional party chairman successively in two different regions.

In 1999 Ortleb resigned from his party chairmanship in Saxony following poor performance in a regional election for which his name had been at the top of the FDP candidate list. Two years later, following differences within the party over support for [Ingolf Roßberg](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingolf_Ro%C3%9Fberg) as the party's (successful) candidate as mayor of Dresden, Ortleb resigned from the party in 2001.

In the [2009 election](/source/2009_German_federal_election) Ortleb gave his support to ["Die Linke"](/source/The_Left_(Germany)), the successor to East Germany's old ruling [SED (party)](/source/Socialist_Unity_Party_of_Germany).[1] In November 2009 he gave a wide-ranging press interview celebrating the twentieth anniversary of the fall of the [Berlin Wall](/source/Berlin_Wall), in which he called for a reorientation of his former party, the [FDP](/source/Free_Democratic_Party_(Germany)).[8]

### National Parliament

The [East German election in March 1990](/source/1990_East_German_general_election) saw the liberal alliance led by Ortleb gaining more than 5% of the national vote. Ortleb, representing the Dresden constituency, was one of 21 Liberal Democrats who now entered the [National Assembly (*Volkskammer*)](/source/People's_Chamber) where he led the Liberal group. He was one of the 144 deputies in the chamber who on 3 October 1990, as part of the German reunification process, became members of the [Bundestag (National Assembly)](/source/Bundestag) of the reunited Germany. In the following two national elections, in [December 1990](/source/1990_German_federal_election) and in [October 1994](/source/1994_German_federal_election), he was elected to the Bundestag as a deputy for [Mecklenburg-Vorpommern](/source/Mecklenburg-Vorpommern). Ortleb remained a member of the Bundestag until 1998.[1]

### Ministerial office

On 3 October 1990 Rainer Ortleb was one of the formerly East German political leaders to join the cabinet of the newly reunified Germany, under [Federal Chancellor Kohl](/source/Helmut_Kohl). Initially he served as a [Minister without portfolio](/source/Minister_without_portfolio), but following the national election two months later, on 19 January 1991, Ortleb was appointed Minister for Science and Training in succession to [Jürgen Möllemann](/source/J%C3%BCrgen_M%C3%B6llemann).[1] On 3 February 1994 he resigned from his ministerial position on health grounds.[9][10]

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-BiographischeDatenbankenRO_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-BiographischeDatenbankenRO_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-BiographischeDatenbankenRO_1-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-BiographischeDatenbankenRO_1-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-BiographischeDatenbankenRO_1-4) [***f***](#cite_ref-BiographischeDatenbankenRO_1-5) [Helmut Müller-Enbergs](/source/Helmut_M%C3%BCller-Enbergs). ["Ortleb, Rainer * 5.6.1944 Vorsitzender des Bundes Freier Demokraten, Bundesminister für Bildung u. Wissenschaft"](http://www.bundesstiftung-aufarbeitung.de/wer-war-wer-in-der-ddr-%2363%3B-1424.html?ID=2572). Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur: Biographische Datenbanken. Retrieved 30 November 2014.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-spiegelRObiog_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-spiegelRObiog_2-1) Publisher-editor [Rudolf Augstein](/source/Rudolf_Augstein) (10 September 1999). ["Porträt: Rainer Ortleb (FDP): Dünnhäutiger Liberaler"](http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/portraet-rainer-ortleb-fdp-duennhaeutiger-liberaler-a-40494.html). [Der Spiegel](/source/Der_Spiegel) (online). Retrieved 30 November 2014. {{[cite web](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web)}}: |author1= has generic name ([help](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-spiegel341993_3-0)** [Christian v. Ditfurth](/source/Christian_v._Ditfurth) (23 August 1993). ["Verbogene Lebensläufe: Der Historiker Christian v. Ditfurth über die unaufhaltsamen Karrieren aktiver FDP-Politiker"](http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-13681865.html). [Der Spiegel](/source/Der_Spiegel) (online). Retrieved 30 November 2014.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-RostockUniRO_4-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-RostockUniRO_4-1) ["Ortleb, Rainer Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Dr. rer. nat"](http://cpr.uni-rostock.de/gnd/141654937). [University of Rostock](/source/University_of_Rostock) (Catalogus Professorum Rostochiensium). Retrieved 30 November 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-ChrvDitTandemRO_5-0)** [Christian v. Ditfurth](/source/Christian_v._Ditfurth) (August 1993). ["Verbogene Lebensläufe: Das ostdeutsche Erbe der FDP (full-length version)"](http://www.cditfurth.de/fdp.htm). Christian v. Ditfurth, [Berlin](/source/Berlin). Retrieved 30 November 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** "Mein erstes Argument ist, für jeden sichtbar, die Uniform...Die Konsequenz, die Kriegskunst zu trainieren, wird uns täglich von der imperialistischen Tat aufgezwungen."

1. **[^](#cite_ref-spiegel461991_7-0)** Publisher-editor [Rudolf Augstein](/source/Rudolf_Augstein) (11 November 1991). ["FDP - Geisel der Neuen: Bei den Liberalen setzen sich zunehmend alte Kader aus den ehemaligen Blockparteien durch"](http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-13491401.html). [Der Spiegel](/source/Der_Spiegel) (online). Retrieved 30 November 2014. {{[cite web](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web)}}: |author1= has generic name ([help](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-ROfrohudankbar_8-0)** Moritz Schwarz (8 November 2009). [""Ich bin froh und dankbar!": Interview mit Rainer Ortleb"](https://jungefreiheit.de/debatte/interview/2009/ich-bin-froh-und-dankbar/). [Junge Freiheit](/source/Junge_Freiheit). Retrieved 30 November 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Spiegel061994_9-0)** [Jürgen Leinemann](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Leinemann) [in German] (7 February 1994). ["Minister: Die Krankheit Politik: SPIEGEL-Reporter Jürgen Leinemann über Rainer Ortlebs Scheitern und Bonner Lebenslügen"](http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-13684074.html). [Der Spiegel](/source/Der_Spiegel) (online). Retrieved 30 November 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-TagesspRO_10-0)** Rainer Woratschka (14 July 2011). ["Es muss viel passieren, bis etwas passiert: Alkohol und Politik – der Fall des CDU-Abgeordneten Andreas Schockenhoff ist nicht der erste. Das Problem ist verbreitet"](http://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/alkoholsucht-in-der-politik-es-muss-viel-passieren-bis-etwas-passiert/4376606.html). [Tagesspiegel](/source/Tagesspiegel), Berlin (online). Retrieved 30 November 2014.

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1990) Scherrer (until 31 August 1990) Schluckebier Schmidt Schmidt Schmidt Schmude Schnell (from 3 October 1990) Schöfberger Schreiner Schröder (from 3 October 1990) Schröer Schultze (from 3 October 1990) Schütz Schwanitz (from 3 October 1990) Seeger (from 3 October 1990) Seidenthal Seuster Sielaff Sieler Simonis (until 8 June 1988) Singer Skarpelis-Sperk Soell Sonntag-Wolgast (from 14 June 1988) Sorge (from 3 October 1990) Sperling Spöri (until 5 June 1988) Stahl Steiner Steinhauer Stephan (from 3 October 1990) Stiegler Stobbe Stockmann (from 3 October 1990) Struck Terborg Thierse (from 3 October 1990) Tietjen Timm Toetemeyer Traupe Uecker (from 3 October 1990) Urbaniak Vahlberg Verheugen Vogel Voigt Voigtländer (from 3 October 1990) Vosen Waltemathe Walther Wartenberg Wegner (from 31 August 1988) Weiermann Weiler Weinhofer (from 3 October 1990) Weis (from 3 October 1990) Weißgerber (from 3 October 1990) Weisskirchen Wernitz Westphal Weyel Wieczorek Wieczorek Wieczorek-Zeul Wiefelspütz Wiesche Wimmer Wischnewski With Wittich Würtz Zander Zeitler Zumkley Zutt (until 29 June 1987) FDP v t e FDP Speaker: Wolfgang Mischnick Members: Adam-Schwaetzer Annies (from 3 October 1990) Bangemann (until 5 January 1989) Baum Beckmann Bohn (from 3 October 1990) Bredehorn Cronenberg Eimer Engelhard Felber (from 3 October 1990) Feldmann Folz-Steinacker Funke Gallus Gattermann Genscher Gries Grünbeck Grüner Hamm-Brücher Haussmann Heinrich Hirsch Hitschler (from 7 August 1987) Hoppe Hoyer Irmer Kleinert Kley (from 3 October 1990) Kohn Laermann Lambsdorff Lehment (from 3 October 1990) Lüder Mischnick Möllemann Neuhausen Nolting Ortleb (from 3 October 1990) Paintner Richter Rind Ronneburger Rumpf (until 6 August 1987) Schäfer Segall Seiler-Albring Solms Thomae Timm Walz (from 6 January 1989) Weng Wolfgramm Wöstenberg (from 3 October 1990) Würfel Zirkler (from 3 October 1990) Zschornack (from 3 October 1990) Zywietz GRÜNE v t e GRUENE Speaker: Thomas Ebermann, Bärbel Rust, Waltraud Schoppe until 26 January 1988; Helmut Lippelt, Regula Schmidt-Bott, Christa Vennegerts until 30 January 1989, Helmut Lippelt, Jutta Oesterle-Schwerin, Antje Vollmer until 15 January 1990; Willi Hoss, Waltraud Schoppe (until 21 June 1990), Marianne Birthler (from 4 October 1990), Antje Vollmer AL: Frieß (from 21 February 1989) Olms (until 20 February 1989) Sellin (until 20 February 1989) Vogl (from 21 February 1989) Bündnis 90: Birthler (from 3 October 1990) Gauck (from 3 October 1990 until 4 October 1990) Schulz (from 3 October 1990) Tschiche (from 3 October 1990) Ullmann (from 3 October 1990) Die Grünen: Beck-Oberdorf Beer Brahmst-Rock Brauer Daniels Ebermann (until 18 February 1989) Eich (from 20 February 1989) Eid Flinner Garbe Häfner Hensel Hillerich Hoss Hüser Kelly Kleinert Knabe Kottwitz (from 8 November 1989) Kreuzeder Krieger (until 4 April 1989) Lippelt Mechtersheimer Nickels Oesterle-Schwerin Roske (from 22 June 1990) Rust Saibold Schilling Schily (until 7 November 1989) Schmidt (from 20 February 1989) Schmidt-Bott (until 18 February 1989) Schoppe (until 21 June 1990) Stratmann Such (from 4 April 1989) Teubner Trenz Vennegerts Vollmer Volmer Weiss Wetzel Wilms-Kegel Wollny Grüne DDR: Dörfler (from 3 October 1990) Platzeck (from 3 October 1990) Wollenberger (from 5 October 1990) PDS v t e PDS Speaker: Gregor Gysi Members: Bittner (from 3 October 1990) Deneke (from 3 October 1990) Enkelmann (from 3 October 1990) Fache (from 3 October 1990) Fischer (from 3 October 1990) Friedrich (from 3 October 1990) Fuchs (from 3 October 1990) Gysi (from 3 October 1990) Heuer (from 3 October 1990) Kaufmann (from 3 October 1990) Keller (from 3 October 1990) Kertscher (from 3 October 1990) Klein (from 3 October 1990) Modrow (from 3 October 1990) Morgenstern (from 3 October 1990) Ostrowski (from 3 October 1990) Riege (from 3 October 1990) Schönebeck (from 3 October 1990) Schumann (from 3 October 1990) Schumann (from 3 October 1990) Seifert (from 3 October 1990) Steinitz (from 3 October 1990) Stolfa (from 3 October 1990) Wegener (from 3 October 1990) OTHER v t e Independent Members: Briefs Unruh Wüppesahl List of members of the 11th Bundestag v t e Members of the 12th Bundestag (1990–1994) President: Rita Süssmuth (CDU) CDU/CSU CDU and CSU Speaker: Alfred Dregger until 25 November 1991; Wolfgang Schäuble from 25 November 1991 CDU: Ackermann (from 22 October 1991) Adam Altherr Augustin Augustinowitz Austermann Bargfrede Bauer Baumeister Bayha (until 3 November 1993) Belle Bentrup Bergmann-Pohl Bierling Blank Blens Bleser Blüm Bohl Bohlsen Böhm Böhmer Borchert Börnsen Brähmig Breuer Brudlewsky Brunnhuber Bühler Büttner Buwitt Carstens Carstensen Clemens Dehnel Dempwolf Deres Diemers Doppmeier (until 8 March 1992) Dörflinger Doss Dregger Echternach Ehlers Ehrbar Engelmann Eppelmann Erler (from 6 September 1993) Eylmann Eymer Falk Feilcke Fell Fischer Fischer Fockenberg Francke Fritz Fuchtel Ganz Geiger (from 29 September 1992) Geisler (until 12 February 1991) Geißler Geldern Gerster Gibtner Göhner Göttsching Götz Gres Grochtmann Grotz Grünewald Günther Hammerstein Handschack (from 1 July 1994) Harries Haschke Haschke Haungs Hauser Hedrich Heise Hellwig Helmrich (until 21 May 1992) Hennig (until 31 May 1992) Herkenrath Herr (from 11 November 1993) Hiebing (from 8 December 1993) Hintze Hoffacker Hornhues Hornung Hörsken Hörster Hüppe (from 1 February 1991) Jaffke Jäger Jagoda (until 7 February 1993) Jahn Janovsky Jeltsch Jork Jung Junghanns Jüttner Kahl Kampeter Kansy Kappes (until 24 August 1992) Karwatzki Kauder Kittelmann Klein Klinkert Kohl Köhler Köhler Kolbe Kors Kossendey Krause Krause Krey Kriedner Kronberg Krüger Krziskewitz Lamers Lammert Lamp Lattmann Laufs Laumann Lehne (from 12 March 1992) Lehr Lenzer Lieberoth Limbach Link Lippold Lischewski Lohmann Louven Löwisch (from 12 October 1991) Lummer Luther Maaß Magin Mahlo Maizière (until 15 October 1991) Marienfeld Marschewski Marten Meckelburg Meinl Merkel Meseke (until 6 December 1993) Michalk (from 13 February 1991) Michels Mildner Möller Molnar Müller Müller Müller Nelle Neuling Neumann Niedenthal (from 8 February 1993) Nitsch Nolte Olderog Ost Otto Päselt Paziorek Pesch Petzold Pfeffermann (until 6 September 1993) Pfeifer Pfeiffer Pfennig Pflüger Pinger Pofalla Pohler Priebus Pützhofen Rahardt-Vahldieck Rau Rauen Rawe Reddemann Reichenbach Reinartz Reinhardt Repnik Rieder Riegert (from 10 June 1992) Riesenhuber Ringkamp (from 1 June 1992) Rode Roitzsch Romer Rönsch Roth Rother Rühe Rüttgers Sauer Sauer Scharrenbroich (until 23 March 1994) Schartz Schätzle Schäuble Schell (from 22 July 1993) Schemken Schmalz Schmidbauer Schmidt (from 1 February 1994) Schmidt Schmidt Schmidt Schmitz Schmude Schockenhoff Scholz Schönburg-Glauchau (until 30 June 1994) Schorlemer Schreiber (until 30 June 1993) Schroeder (until 20 October 1991) Schulhoff Schulte Schulz Schwalbe Schwarz Schwarz-Schilling Schwörer Seesing Seibel Seiters Sikora (from 22 May 1992) Skowron Sopart (until 3 January 1993) Sothmann Sprung Stavenhagen (until 31 May 1992) Steinbach-Hermann Stercken Stetten Stockhausen Stoltenberg Strube Stübgen Susset Süssmuth Szwed (from 24 March 1994) Tillmann Töpfer Uelhoff Uldall Verhülsdonk Vogel Vogt Voigt Vondran Waffenschmidt Waldburg-Zeil Warrikoff Werner Wetzel Wiechatzek Wieczorek (until 31 January 1994) Wilms Wilz Wimmer Wisniewski Wissmann Wohlrabe (from 5 January 1993) Wonneberger Worms (until 31 January 1991) Wülfing Würzbach Yzer CSU: Blank Bötsch Dess Eichhorn Faltlhauser Frankenhauser Friedrich Geiger Geis Glos Götzer Gröbl Hasselfeldt Hauser Hinsken Hollerith Jobst Kalb Keller Kiechle Klein Koschyk Kraus Lintner Männle Mayer Müller Oswald Probst Protzner Raidel Ramsauer Regenspurger Riedl Rose Rossmanith Ruck Scheu Schmidt Schneider Seehofer Spilker Spranger Waigel Warnke Wittmann Wittmann Zeitlmann Zierer Zöller SPD SPD Speaker: Hans-Jochen Vogel until 12 November 1991; Hans-Ulrich Klose from 12 November 1991 Members: Adler Alltschekow (from 3 August 1994) Andres Antretter Bachmaier Barbe Bartsch Becker Becker-Inglau Berger Bernrath Bersch (from 22 August 1994) Beucher Bindig Blunck Bock (from 4 July 1991) Böhme Börnsen Brandt (until 8 October 1992) Brandt-Elsweier Brecht Büchler Büchner (from 10 June 1991) Bulmahn Bülow Burchardt Bury Büttner Caspers-Merk Catenhusen Conradi Daubertshäuser Däubler-Gmelin Dehm (from 16 August 1994) Diederich Diller Dobberthien Dreßler Duve Ebert Eckardt Ehmke Eich Elmer Erler Esters Ewen Ferner Fischer Fischer Formanski Fuchs Fuchs Fuhrmann Ganseforth Gansel Gautier Gerster (until 7 June 1991) Gilges Gleicke Glotz Götte (until 7 June 1991) Graf Großmann Haack Hacker Hämmerle (until 31 July 1994) Hampel Hanewinckel Hartenstein Hasenfratz Hauchler Heistermann Heyenn Hiller Hilsberg Holtz Horn Huonker Ibrügger Iwersen Jäger Janz Janzen Jaunich Jens Jung Jungmann Kastner Kastning Kemper (from 3 May 1993) Kirschner Klappert Klejdzinski (from 30 October 1992) Klemmer Klose Knaape Kolbe Kolbow Koltzsch Körper Koschnick Kretkowski Kubatschka Kübler Kuessner Kuhlwein Küster Lambinus Lange Larcher Leidinger Lennartz Leonhard Lohmann Lörcher (from 3 September 1993) Lucyga Maaß Marx Mascher Matschie Matterne Matthäus-Maier Mattischeck Meckel Mehl Meißner Mertens Meyer Mosdorf Müller Müller Müller Müller Müller Müntefering (until 8 December 1992) Neumann Neumann Niehuis Niese Niggemeier Niggemeyer (from 22 October 1992 until 29 October 1992) Odendahl Oesinghaus Oostergetelo Opel Ostertag Otto Palis (from 12 July 1993) Paterna Penner Peter Pfaff Pfuhl Pick Poß Purps Rappe Reimann Rempe (until 22 April 1993) Renesse Rennebach Reschke Reuschenbach Reuter Rixe Roth (until 2 September 1992) Schäfer (until 27 June 1992) Schaich-Walch Schanz Scheer Scheffler Schily Schloten Schluckebier Schmidbauer Schmidt Schmidt Schmidt Schmidt-Zadel Schmude Schnell Schöfberger Schöler (from 8 December 1992) Schreiner Schröter Schröter Schulte Schuster Schütz Schwanhold Schwanitz Seidenthal Seuster Sielaff Simm Singer Skarpelis-Sperk Soell Sonntag-Wolgast Sorge Sperling Steen Steiner Stiegler Struck Tappe Terborg Thalheim Thierse Tietjen (until 7 July 1993) Titze-Stecher Toetemeyer Urbaniak Vergin Verheugen Vogel Voigt Vosen Wagner Wallow Waltemathe Walter (from 10 June 1991 until 21 August 1994) Walther Wartenberg Wegner Weiermann Weiler (until 14 August 1994) Weis Weisheit (from 29 June 1992) Weißgerber Weisskirchen Welt Wernitz Wester Westrich Wettig-Danielmeier Wetzel Weyel Wieczorek Wieczorek Wieczorek-Zeul Wiefelspütz Wimmer With Wittich Wohlleben Wolf Zapf Zöpel Zumkley (until 3 July 1991) FDP FDP Speaker: Hermann Otto Solms Members: Albowitz Babel Baum Beckmann (until 27 May 1994) Blunk (from 7 August 1992) Bredehorn Cronenberg Eimer Engelhard Essen Feldmann Friedhoff Friedrich Funke Funke-Schmitt-Rink Gallus Ganschow Gattermann (until 27 January 1994) Genscher Gries Grünbeck Grüner Günther Guttmacher Hansen Haussmann Heinrich Hirsch Hitschler Homburger Hoth Hoyer Hübner (until 12 May 1992) Irmer Jordan (from 8 June 1994) Kleinert Kohn Kolb Koppelin Kubicki (until 2 August 1992) Laermann Lambsdorff Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger Lüder Lühr Menzel Mischnick Möllemann Nolting Ortleb Otto Paintner Parr (from 1 February 1994) Peters Pohl Richter Rind Röhl Schäfer Schmalz-Jacobsen Schmidt Schmieder Schnittler (from 22 May 1992) Schüßler Schuster Schwaetzer Sehn Seiler-Albring Semper Solms Starnick Teichman Thiele Thomae Timm Türk Walz Weng Wolfgramm Würfel Zurheide Zywietz PDS PDS Speaker: Gregor Gysi Members: Bläss Braband (until 2 May 1992) Enkelmann Fischer Fuchs (from 11 March 1992) Gysi Henn Heuer Höll Jelpke Keller Lederer Modrow Philipp (from 21 May 1992) Riege (until 15 February 1992) Schumann Seifert GRÜNE GRUENE Speaker: Werner Schulz Members: Feige Köppe Poppe Schulz Ullmann Weiß Wollenberger OTHER Independent Members: Briefs Hackel Krause Lowack Schenk Stachowa List of members of the 12th Bundestag v t e Members of the 13th Bundestag (1994–1998) President: Rita Süssmuth (CDU) CDU/CSU CDU and CSU Speaker: Wolfgang Schäuble CDU: Adam Altmaier Augustin Augustinowitz Austermann Bargfrede Basten Bauer Baumeister Belle Bergmann-Pohl Bierling Blank Blens Bleser Blüm Bohl Böhmer Borchert Börnsen Bosbach Brähmig Braun Breuer Brudlewsky Brunnhuber Bühler Büttner Buwitt Carstens Carstensen Dehnel Deittert Dempwolf Diemers Dietzel Dörflinger Doss Dregger Engelmann Eppelmann Eßmann Eylmann Eymer Falk Feilcke Fell Fink Fischer Fischer Francke Fritz Fuchtel Geißler Glücklich Göhner Götz Gres Grill Gröhe Grotz Grund Günther Hammerstein Haschke Haungs Hauser Hedrich Heiderich Heise Helling Hellwig Hintze Holzapfel Hornhues Hornung Hörsken Hörster Hüppe Jacoby Jaffke Janovsky Jork Jung Junghanns Jüttner Kahl Kampeter Kansy Kanther Karwatzki Kauder Klaeden Klaußner Klinkert Kohl Köhler Kolbe Königshofen Kors Koslowski Kossendey Kramp-Karrenbauer Krause Krautscheid Kriedner Kronberg Krüger Krziskewitz Kues Kuhn Lamers Lamers Lammert Lamp Laschet Lattmann Laufs Laumann Lengsfeld Lensing Lenzer Letzgus Limbach Link Lippold Lischewski Lohmann Louven Löwisch Lummer Luther Maaß Mahlo Marienfeld Marschewski Marten Meckelburg Meinl Meister Merkel Merz Meyer Michels Müller Nelle Neumann Nitsch Nolte Olderog Ost Otto Päselt Paziorek Pesch Petzold Pfeifer Pfeiffer Pfennig Pflüger Philipp Pinger Pofalla Pohler Polenz Pretzlaff Pützhofen Rachel Rau Rauber Rauen Reichard Reichardt Reinartz Reinhardt Repnik Richter Richwien Rieder Riegert Riesenhuber Romer Rönsch Ronsöhr Roth Röttgen Rühe Rüttgers Sauer Schätzle Schäuble Schauerte Schemken Scherhag Schindler Schlee Schmalz Schmidbauer Schmidt Schmidt Schmiedeberg Schmitz Schmude Schnieber-Jastram Schockenhoff Scholz Schorlemer Schuchardt Schulhoff Schulte Schulz Schulze Schütze Schwalbe Schwarz-Schilling Sebastian Seibel Seiffert Seiters Selle Siebert Sikora Sothmann Späte Steiger Steinbach Stetten Stoltenberg Storm Stübgen Susset Süssmuth Teiser Tiemann Töpfer Tröger Uelhoff Uldall Vogt Waffenschmidt Waldburg-Zeil Wetzel Wilhelm Willner Wilz Wimmer Wissmann Wonneberger Wülfing Würzbach Yzer CSU: Blank Bötsch Deß Eichhorn Faltlhauser Frankenhauser Friedrich Geiger Geis Glos Götzer Gröbl Hasselfeldt Hauser Hinsken Hollerith Jawurek Jobst Kalb Keller Klein Koschyk Kraus Lintner Mayer Michelbach Müller Oswald Probst Protzner Raidel Ramsauer Regenspurger Riedl Rose Rossmanith Ruck Scheu Schmidt Seehofer Seib Singhammer Spranger Straubinger Strebl Waigel Warnke Wittmann Wittmann Wöhrl Zeitlmann Zierer Zöller SPD SPD Speaker: Rudolf Scharping Members: Adler Andres Antretter Bachmaier Bahr Barnett Barthel Bauer Becker-Inglau Behrendt Berger Bernrath Bertl Beucher Bindig Blunck Böhme Börnsen Brandt-Elsweier Braune Brecht Bulmahn Burchardt Bürsch Bury Büttner Caspers-Merk Catenhusen Conradi Däubler-Gmelin Deichmann Diller Dobberthien Dreßen Dreßler Duve Eich Enders Erler Ernstberger Faße Ferner Fischer Fograscher Follak Folta Formanski Freitag Fuchs Fuchs Fuhrmann Ganseforth Gansel Gilges Gleicke Gloser Glotz Göllner Graf Graf Grasedieck Großmann Haack Hacker Hagemann Hampel Hanewinckel Hartenbach Hartenstein Hasenfratz Hauchler Heinzig Heistermann Hemker Hempelmann Hendricks Heubaum Hiksch Hiller Hilsberg Höfer Hoffmann Hofmann Holzhüter Horn Hovermann Ibrügger Ilte Imhof Irber Iwersen Jäger Janssen Janz Jens Jung Kaspereit Kastner Kastning Kemper Kirschner Klappert Klemmer Klose Knaape Kolbow Körper Kressl Kröning Krüger Kubatschka Kuhlwein Kühn-Mengel Kunick Kurzhals Küster Labsch Lafontaine Lange Larcher Lehn Leidinger Lennartz Leonhard Lohmann Lörcher Lotz Lucyga Maaß Mante Marx Mascher Matschie Matthäus-Maier Mattischeck Meckel Mehl Meißner Mertens Meyer Mogg Mosdorf Müller Müller Müller Neumann Neumann Niehuis Niese Odendahl Oesinghaus Onur Opel Ostertag Palis Papenroth Penner Pfaff Pfannenstein Pick Poß Purps Rappe Rehbock-Zureich Renesse Rennebach Reschke Reuter Richter Rixe Robbe Rübenkönig Rupprecht Schäfer Schaich-Walch Schanz Scharping Scheelen Scheer Scheffler Schild Schily Schloten Schluckebier Schmidbauer Schmidt Schmidt Schmidt Schmidt-Zadel Schmitt Schnell Schöler Schreiner Schröter Schubert Schuhmann Schulte Schultz Schultz Schumann Schuster Schütz Schwall-Düren Schwanhold Schwanitz Seidenthal Seuster Sielaff Simm Singer Skarpelis-Sperk Sonntag-Wolgast Sorge Spanier Sperling Spiller Steen Stiegler Struck Tappe Tauss Teichmann Terborg Teuchner Thalheim Thierse Thieser Thönnes Titze-Stecher Tröscher Urbaniak Vergin Verheugen Vogt Voigt Vosen Wagner Wallow Wegner Weiermann Weis Weisheit Weißgerber Weisskirchen Welt Wester Westrich Wettig-Danielmeier Wieczorek Wieczorek Wieczorek-Zeul Wiefelspütz Wittich Wodarg Wohlleben Wolf Wright Zapf Zöpel Zumkley GRÜNE GRUENE Speaker: Joschka Fischer and Kerstin Müller Members: Altmann Altmann Beck Beck Beer Berninger Buntenbach Dietert-Scheuer Eichstädt-Bohlig Eid Fischer Fischer Grießhaber Häfner Hermenau Heyne Höfken Hustedt Kiper Knoche Köster-Loßack Lemke Lippelt Metzger Müller Nachtwei Nickels Nitsch Özdemir Poppe Probst Rochlitz Saibold Scheel Schewe-Gerigk Schlauch Schmidt Schmitt Schönberger Schoppe Schulz Steenblock Steindor Sterzing Such Vollmer Volmer Wilhelm Wolf FDP FDP Speaker: Hermann Otto Solms Members: Albowitz Babel Braun Bredehorn Essen Feldmann Frick Friedhoff Friedrich Funke Genscher Gerhardt Günther Guttmacher Haussmann Heinrich Hirche Hirsch Homburger Hoyer Irmer Kinkel Kleinert Kohn Kolb Koppelin Laermann Lambsdorff Lanfermann Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger Lühr Möllemann Nolting Ortleb Peters Rexrodt Röhl Schäfer Schmalz-Jacobsen Schmidt-Jortzig Schwaetzer Solms Stadler Thiele Thomae Türk Weng Westerwelle PDS PDS Speaker: Gregor Gysi Members: Bierstedt Bläss Böttcher Bulling-Schröter Einsiedel Elm Enkelmann Fuchs Gysi Hartmann Heuer Heym Höll Jacob Jelpke Jüttemann Knake-Werner Köhne Kutzmutz Lederer Luft Lüth Maleuda Müller Neuhäuser Rössel Schenk Tippach Warnick Wolf Zwerenz OTHER Independent Members: Neumann List of members of the 13th Bundestag

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Rainer Ortleb](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainer_Ortleb) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainer_Ortleb?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.