# Rada

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Term in various Slavic languages

For other uses, see [Rada (disambiguation)](/source/Rada_(disambiguation)).

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**Rada** is the term for "parliament" or "assembly" or some other "council" in several [Slavic languages](/source/Slavic_languages). Normally it is translated as "council". Sometimes it corresponds to "[parliament](/source/Parliament)", It also carries a meaning of [advice](/source/Advice_(opinion)), as in the English word "counsel".[1][*[AI-retrieved source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:AI-retrieved_source/doc)*]

## Etymology

[Old High German](/source/Old_High_German) *rāt* (from [Proto-Germanic](/source/Proto-Germanic) *[*rēdaz](/source/Linguistic_reconstruction)*) passed (possibly through [Polish](/source/Polish_language)) into the [Czech](/source/Czech_language), [Slovak](/source/Slovak_language), [Ukrainian](/source/Ukrainian_language), [Belarusian](/source/Belarusian_language) and [Russian](/source/Russian_language) languages. Although some researches like K. P. Stanley et al. argued that contrary to the above stated hypothesis that the [Germanic languages](/source/Germanic_languages) borrowed the words for council and related terms from [Slavic languages](/source/Slavic_languages).[2]

Alternately the source was the [Gothic language](/source/Gothic_language) *radan - 𐍂𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌽* - to council, to deliberate, that passed to [West Slavic](/source/West_Slavic_languages) in the [Iron Age](/source/Iron_Age) during the [Wielbark](/source/Wielbark_Culture) and [Chernyakhov](/source/Chernyakhov_culture) cultures presence along Vistula river and in Western Ukraine, as the term "rada" may be present in such first millennium CE names as Slavic [Radogoszcz](/source/Radogoszcz_(disambiguation)), [Radgoszcz](/source/Radgoszcz_(disambiguation)), [Radhošť](/source/Radho%C5%A1%C5%A5_(disambiguation)), [Radegost](/source/Rethra), [Radagast](/source/Radegast_(god)), [Ardagast](/source/Ardagast) - Radogost, and Gothic [Radagaisus](/source/Radagaisus). The dispersal to [East Slavic Languages](/source/East_Slavic_Languages), could have happened later, possibly through [Polish](/source/Polish_language).

*Råd* in [Norwegian](/source/Norwegian_language), [Danish](/source/Danish_language), and [Swedish](/source/Swedish_language), *Rat* in [German](/source/German_language), *neuvosto* or *raati* in [Finnish](/source/Finnish_language) and *nõukogu* or *raad* in [Estonia](/source/Estonian_language)/[Dutch](/source/Dutch_language) mean "council" or "assembly", but also "advice", as it does in [East Slavic](/source/East_Slavic_languages) (except Russian) and [West Slavic](/source/West_Slavic_languages), but not [South Slavic](/source/South_Slavic_languages), languages.

In Swedish the verb *råda* (to *counsel* or *recommend* is one meaning, the other is to *rule*) is based on the substantive *råd*. This is similar to Danish *råd* (noun) and *råde* (verb).

## Examples

**In Belarus**

- [Rada of the Belarusian Democratic Republic](/source/Rada_of_the_Belarusian_Democratic_Republic), provisional parliament of the [Belarusian Democratic Republic](/source/Belarusian_Democratic_Republic) (now in exile)

- [Belarusian Central Rada](/source/Belarusian_Central_Rada), the government of Belarus from 1943–44, which was established as a puppet by [Nazi Germany](/source/Nazi_Germany)

**In the Czech Republic**

- [Česká národní rada](/source/Czech_National_Council), parliament of the [Czech Socialist Republic](/source/Czech_Socialist_Republic) (1969–1990) and the [Czech Republic](/source/Czech_and_Slovak_Federal_Republic) (1990–1992)

**In Poland**

- [Rada Główna Opiekuńcza](/source/Central_Welfare_Council) (Central Welfare Council)

- [Rada Jedności Narodowej](/source/Council_of_National_Unity) (Council of National Unity)

- [Rada Nieustająca](/source/Permanent_Council) (Permanent Council)

- [Rada Polityki Pieniężnej](/source/Monetary_Policy_Council) (Monetary Policy Council)

- [Rada Trzech](/source/Rada_Trzech) (Council of Three)

- [Rada robotnicza](/source/Workers'_Councils_in_Poland) (Workers' Council)

**In Russia**

- [Izbrannaya Rada](/source/Chosen_Council), an unofficial governing organ established by tsar [Ivan the Terrible](/source/Ivan_the_Terrible) from his closest courtiers

- [Kuban Rada](/source/Kuban_Rada), supreme council of the Kuban [Cossack host](/source/Cossack_host) (1917-1920)[3]

**In Slovakia**

- [Slovenská národná rada](/source/Slovak_National_Council_(1848%E2%80%931849)) (1848–1849)

- [Slovenská národná rada](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Slovak_National_Council_(1914)&action=edit&redlink=1) (1941)

- [Slovenská národná rada](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Slovak_National_Council_(1918)&action=edit&redlink=1) (1918)

- [Slovenská národná rada](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Slovak_National_Council_(1920)&action=edit&redlink=1) (1920)

- [Slovenská národná rada](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Slovak_National_Council_(1932)&action=edit&redlink=1) (1932)

- [Slovenská národná rada](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Slovak_National_Council_(1939%E2%80%931940)&action=edit&redlink=1) (1939–1940)

- [Slovenská národná rada](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Slovak_National_Council_(1943%E2%80%931960)&action=edit&redlink=1) (1943–1960)

- [Slovenská národná rada](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Slovak_National_Council_(1943%E2%80%931992)&action=edit&redlink=1) (1943–1992)

- [Národná rada Slovenskej republiky](/source/National_Council_of_the_Slovak_Republic), the parliament of the [Slovak Republic](/source/Slovak_Republic) (since 1992)

**In Ukraine**

- [Cossack Rada](/source/Cossack_Rada) - [Sich Rada](/source/Sich_Rada), [Host](/source/Zaporozhian_Host) Council of Zaporizhian Sich - [Pereiaslavska rada](/source/Pereiaslav_Agreement), of the Pereiaslav Agreement of 1654 - [Chorna rada of 1663](/source/Chorna_rada_of_1663)

- [Tsentralna Rada](/source/Central_Council_of_Ukraine) (lit. "Central Council"), parliament of the [Ukrainian People's Republic](/source/Ukrainian_People's_Republic)

- [Verkhovna Rada of URSR](/source/Supreme_Soviet_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic), the Supreme Soviet of the [UkSSR](/source/UkSSR)

- [Verkhovna Rada](/source/Verkhovna_Rada) (lit. "Supreme Council"), the parliament of Ukraine - [Verkhovna Rada building](/source/Verkhovna_Rada_building) - [Rada TV](/source/Rada_TV) channel

- [Verkhovna Rada of Crimea](/source/Verkhovna_Rada_of_Crimea)

- [Kyivska miska rada](/source/Kyiv_City_Council), Kyiv City Council

Historically, the *Verkhovna Rada* was also the [Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic](/source/Supreme_Soviet_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic) ([Ukrainian](/source/Ukrainian_language): Українська **Рад**янська Соціалістична Республіка, УРСР, [romanized](/source/Romanization_of_Ukrainian): *Ukrayins'ka **Rad**yans'ka Sotsialistychna Respublika, URSR*), which was itself part of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Ukrainian: Союз **Рад**янських Соціалістичних Республік, СРСР), the word *rada* replacing the Russian word *soviet* in both cases. See [official names of the Soviet Union](/source/Official_names_of_the_Soviet_Union).

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** ["Рада in All languages combined"](https://kaikki.org/dictionary/All%20languages%20combined/meaning/%D0%A0/%D0%A0%D0%B0/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com). *kaikki.org*. Retrieved 2025-05-28.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** K. P. Stanley (1985) Slavonic Loanwords in English, Celtic and Pre-Classical Greek.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** L.G. Novikova. ["Kuban Rada"](https://old.bigenc.ru/domestic_history/text/2118103). *Great Russian Encyclopedia* (in Russian). Большая российская энциклопедия. Retrieved 2024-07-10.

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Rada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rada) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rada?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.