# Qastun

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Town in Hama, Syria

Qastun قسطون Kastun Town Qastun Location in Syria Coordinates: 35°41′5″N 36°23′28″E / 35.68472°N 36.39111°E / 35.68472; 36.39111 Country Syria Governorate Hama District Al-Suqaylabiyah Subdistrict Al-Ziyarah Population (2004) • Total 6,187 Time zone UTC+2 (EET) • Summer (DST) UTC+3 (EEST)

**Qastun** ([Arabic](/source/Arabic_language): قسطون), also spelled **Kastun** or **Kustun**, is a village in northern [Syria](/source/Syria), administratively part of the [Hama Governorate](/source/Hama_Governorate), located northwest of [Hama](/source/Hama) and 35 kilometers southwest of [Idlib](/source/Idlib).[1] It is situated in the [Ghab plain](/source/Ghab_plain), on the eastern bank of the [Orontes River](/source/Orontes_River). Nearby localities include [al-Ziyarah](/source/Al-Ziyarah) to the west, [Qarqur](/source/Qarqur) to the northwest, [Farikah](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Farikah,_Idlib_Governorate&action=edit&redlink=1) to the north, [Maaratah](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maaratah&action=edit&redlink=1) to the northeast, [al-Muzarah](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Al-Muzarah&action=edit&redlink=1) to the southeast and [al-Ankawi](/source/Al-Ankawi) to the south. According to the [Syria Central Bureau of Statistics](/source/Central_Bureau_of_Statistics_(Syria)), Qastun had a population of 6,187 in the 2004 census, making it the largest locality in the [al-Ziyarah sub-district](/source/Al-Ziyarah_Nahiyah) (*[nahiyah](/source/Nahiyah)*).[2]

## History

Qastun is identified as the ancient [Aramean](/source/Aramean) town of Qattun or "Qatan" of the [Iron Age](/source/Iron_Age). It is listed in an [Assyrian](/source/Neo-Assyrian) text from [Kultepe](/source/Kultepe). The site of the ancient town is about 16 hectares and is spread between the two parts of Qastun i.e. Qastun al-Gharbi and Qastun al-Sharqi. The latter sits on an elevation 25 meters above the surrounding territory alongside the Qastun River.[3]

The Syrian geographer [Yaqut al-Hamawi](/source/Yaqut_al-Hamawi) visited Qastun during [Ayyubid](/source/Ayyubid_dynasty) rule in 1225, noting that it was "a fortress that was in the district of [Ar Ruj](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Al-Ruj_Plain&action=edit&redlink=1) in the Halab (Aleppo) Province."[4] During the conflict between the [Mamluks](/source/Mamluk_Sultanate_(Cairo)) (successors to the Ayyubids) and a [Mongol](/source/Ilkhanate)-[Armenian](/source/Mongol_Armenia) alliance, an elite Mongol force of some 1,500 soldiers raided Qastun in 1271, massacring and plundering its [Turkoman](/source/Turkoman_(ethnonym)) inhabitants.[5] In the Spring of 1298, a Mamluk army led by [al-Muzaffar III Mahmud](/source/Al-Muzaffar_III_Mahmud), the Ayyubid vassal of [Hama](/source/Hama), launched a campaign to conquer Armenian-held [Cilicia](/source/Cilicia), but only reached Qastun, before being recalled to [Aleppo](/source/Aleppo).[6]

### Modern era

When the nearby [Zeyzoun Dam](/source/Zeyzoun_Dam) collapsed in June 2002, floods destroyed and damaged hundreds of houses in Qastun and the nearby villages of Qarqur, al-Ziyarah and Zeizoun.[7]

According to the [Syrian Observatory for Human Rights](/source/Syrian_Observatory_for_Human_Rights), a man was shot dead at a security checkpoint in Qastun on 4 September 2012, during the ongoing [Syrian civil war](/source/Syrian_civil_war).[8] According to an opposition activist from Hama, 25 children were killed by shooting or stabbing in Qastun and nearby al-Aqbayr on 6 June 2012 by pro-government forces.[9]

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** Lipinsky, 2000, p. 274.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-CBS_2-0)** [General Census of Population and Housing 2004](https://archive.today/20121220223837/http://www.cbssyr.org/new%20web%20site/General_census/census_2004/NH/TAB05-7-2004.htm). [Syria Central Bureau of Statistics](/source/Central_Bureau_of_Statistics_(Syria)) (CBS). Hama Governorate. (in Arabic)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** Lipinsky, 2000, p. 273.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** le Strange, 1890, p. [490](https://archive.org/stream/palestineundermo00lestuoft#page/490/mode/1up).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** Amitai-Preiss, 2005, p. 125.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** Stewart, 2001, p. 113.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** [Syria calls for urgent disaster aid after 10 killed in dam burst](http://img.static.reliefweb.int/report/syrian-arab-republic/syria-calls-urgent-disaster-aid-after-10-killed-dam-burst) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20160304041407/http://img.static.reliefweb.int/report/syrian-arab-republic/syria-calls-urgent-disaster-aid-after-10-killed-dam-burst) 2016-03-04 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine). *[Agence France-Presse](/source/Agence_France-Presse)*. 2002-07-05.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** ["ICRC chief visits Syria as death toll rises"](https://www.geo.tv/latest/29375). *www.geo.tv*. 3 Sep 2011. Retrieved 2024-09-30.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** Ahmad, Meher. [Syrian Humanitarian Situation Sours](https://archive.today/20130416051554/http://www.wrmea.org/wrmea-archives/515-washington-report-archives-2011-2015/september-2012/11383-waging-peace-syrian-humanitarian-situation-sours.html). Washington Report on Middle East Affairs. September 2012. Page. 65.

## Bibliography

- Amitai-Preiss, Reuven (2005). [*Mongols and Mamluks: The Mamluk-Ilkhanid War, 1260-1281*](https://books.google.com/books?id=DFO-eV9cQ0sC&q=Qastun+Syria). Cambridge University Press. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0521522900](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0521522900).

- Lipinsky, Edward (2000). [*The Aramaeans: Their Ancient History, Culture, Religion*](https://books.google.com/books?id=rrMKKtiBBI4C&q=Tell+Rif'at). Peeters Publishers. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9042908599](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9042908599).

- Stewart, Angus Donal (2001). [*The Armenian Kingdom and the Mamluks: War and Diplomacy During the Reigns of Hetʻum II (1289-1307)*](https://books.google.com/books?id=tlgRqLA0EHsC&q=Qastun+Hama). BRILL. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9004122923](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9004122923).

- le Strange, Guy (1890), [*Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500*](https://archive.org/details/palestineundermo00lestuoft), Committee of the [Palestine Exploration Fund](/source/Palestine_Exploration_Fund)

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Halaqim Ayn al-Shams Aq Duqar Asheq Omar Ba'amrah Barshin Bayt Atiq Bayt Natar al-Dulaybah Hermel Hikr Bayt Atiq Kahf al-Habash Khirbet Hazur al-Majawi al-Mashrafah Qasr al-Ayan Tin al-Sabil Jubb Ramlah Subdistrict Jubb Ramlah Alamiyah Asilah Deir Shamil Dimu Hanjur Hizanu Julaymadun Jarajis Kanafu Khan Jalaymadun Maarin Mahrusah Mushashin Qurayyat Qurin Sarmiyah Sulukiyah Uqayrabah Zahraa Zawi Wadi al-Uyun Subdistrict Wadi al-Uyun Ammuriyah Ayn al-Bayda Ayn Farraj Ayn al-Karam Bashawi Bayt Raqata Barayzah Bir al-Wadi Birat al-Jurd Duwayr al-Mashayekh Jabita Kafr Laha Kamaliyah Marha Maysara Naqir Qussiyah al-Sindiyana Tamarqiyah Zaytuna Mahardah District Mahardah Subdistrict Mahardah Abu Ubaydah Abu Rubays al-Arid Halfaya Huwat al-Judaydah Kafr Hud Khirbet Subin Khunayzir Maarzaf (al-Qubeir) al-Majdal Shaizar Shir Safsafiyah Tell Malah Tell Sikkin Tremseh Zilaqiat Zawr al-Qaadah Kafr Zita Subdistrict Kafr Zita Arba'in Hamamiyat Latmin al-Sayyad al-Zakah Karnaz Subdistrict Karnaz 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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Qastun](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qastun) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qastun?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.