# Pycnocentrodes

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***Pycnocentrodes*** is a genus of [caddisflies](/source/Caddisflies) belonging to the family [Conoesucidae](/source/Conoesucidae).[1] The genus was first recognised by [Robert John Tillyard](/source/Robert_John_Tillyard) in 1924.[2] All known species of *Pycnocentrodes* are endemic to [New Zealand](/source/New_Zealand).

## Taxonomy

The genus was first identified by [Robert John Tillyard](/source/Robert_John_Tillyard) in 1924, who identified *Pycnocentrodes chiltoni* as the type species.[2] In 1962, [K. A. J. Wise](/source/K._A._J._Wise) recombined two of the original species identified by Tillyard, *P. hamiltoni* and *P. olingoides*, into a new genus called *Confluens*.[3]

Reviewing the genus in 1970, Wise noted that it was likely that there was either a highly morphologically variable species or a [species complex](/source/Species_complex) within *Pycnocentrodes*, due to wide-ranging variations in size, wing colour and pattern and genitalia.[4] In 1976, Donald R. Cowley synonymised *P. chiltoni* (the former type species of the genus) and *P. unicolor* Wise, 1958 with *[P. aureolus](/source/Pycnocentrodes_aureolus)*.[5]

Genetic analysis places *Pycnocentrodes* within a clade of New Zealand endemic caddiesflies who all share a common ancestor: *Pycnocentrodes*, *Periwinkla*, *Confluens* and *Beraeoptera*.[6]

## Description

Tillyard's original text (the [type description](/source/Type_description)) reads as follows:

Allied to *Pycnocentria* McL, from which it differs by the absence of the web fold in forewings of male, and the consequent normal structure of the radial sector in both sexes. The radial cell is present, and is of a somewhat narrowed, elongate form, basal portion being particularly narrowed. In some cases the stem of R2+3 may be weakened or obsolescent, so that the radial cell is incomplete above (as in *P. olingoides* n. sp.), but venation is always very distinct from that of *Pycnocentria*, where all the branches of Rs, M, and Cu1, come off direct from longitudinal fold. Stem of R2+3 in hindwing of male also weakened or obsolete, leaving radial cell open above. Apical forks of forewing all present, as in *Pycnocentria*; in hindwing, only 1, 2 and 5 present, as also in *Pycnocentria*. No longitudinal fold in hindwing of male. Tibial spurs 2, 2, 4. Maxillary palpi of male short and hairy, not projecting beyond end of first antennal segment.[2]

## Distribution

The genus is found in [New Zealand](/source/New_Zealand).[1]

## References

1. Wikidata item [Q128891827](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128891827)

1. Wikidata item [Q58676784](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58676784)

1. Wikidata item [Q58676876](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58676876)

1. Wikidata item [Q104025356](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104025356)

1. Wikidata item [Q54551403](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54551403)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Pycnocentrodes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pycnocentrodes) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pycnocentrodes?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.