# Pulvilli

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**Pulvilli** are paired, soft, cushion-like adhesive lobes located on the [pretarsus](/source/Arthropod_leg#Insects) of many insects, particularly in [Diptera](/source/Diptera) such as the [housefly](/source/Housefly). They are positioned on the [ventral](/source/Ventral) side of the [tarsal apex](/source/Tarsal_formula), typically beneath or between the (claws) [ungues](/source/Glossary_of_entomology_terms#S–Z), and function in surface adhesion during locomotion by increasing contact area and facilitating attachment through fine [setal](/source/Seta) structures and associated [secretions](/source/Secretions).[1] The pulvilli function as an adhesive system. Their sticking power comes partly from [Van der Waals force](/source/Van_der_Waals_force), and partly from an adhesive fluid secreted from the extremities onto surfaces.

## References

1. Kamalakannan, Madesh et al. (2023). ["Insect Morphology and Physiology: Insights into Form and Function"](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373715654_Insect_Neurobiology_From_Sensory_System_to_Behavior). *Insect Neurobiology: From Sensory System to Behavior*. Elite Publishing House. ISBN 978-93-58992-80-9.

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