# Psou

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The **Psou** (/psoʊ/; ady: Псыу; Georgian: *ფსოუ*; Abkhaz: Ԥсоу; Russian: Псоу) is a river in the [West Caucasus](/source/West_Caucasus), bordering the [Gagra Range](/source/Gagra_Range) to the east. It flows along the southern slopes of the [Greater Caucasus](/source/Greater_Caucasus) Mountain Range and forms a part of the border between [Georgia](/source/Georgia_(country)) ([Abkhazia](/source/Abkhazia)[1]) and [Russia](/source/Russia). Its source is in the Aigra Mountain, and it flows into the [Black Sea](/source/Black_Sea). The Psou is 53 kilometres (33 mi) long, and the [drainage basin](/source/Drainage_basin) is approximately 421 square kilometres (163 sq mi).[2] Between the mouth of the river and the mouth of the [Mzymta](/source/Mzymta) is a "sandy depositional foreland", which is approximately 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) in length and 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) wide.[3]

The principal tributaries of the Psou are the [Besh](/source/Besh_(river)) and the [Pkhista](/source/Pkhista). Between 1913 and 1955, a hydrological station was in operation at [Leselidze](/source/Leselidze_(town)), roughly 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) upstream of the river's mouth.[2] The Psou gained notoriety as a smuggling route out of the country, by-passing Russian controls on the border.[4][5] As of 2008 it was still designated as a transboundary river which lacked an international cooperation agreement as part of the UNECE Water Convention.[6]

## References

1. [*Our Waters: Joining Hands Across Borders : First Assessment of Transboundary Rivers, Lakes and Groundwaters*](https://books.google.com/books?id=L73CJCH-ZuIC&pg=RA1-PA1). United Nations. Economic Commission for Europe, United Nations Publications. 2007. p. 149. ISBN 978-92-1-116972-0.

1. Bird, Eric (25 February 2010). [*Encyclopedia of the World's Coastal Landforms*](https://books.google.com/books?id=Mfo5TPb7SDsC&pg=PA813). Springer Science & Business Media. p. 813. ISBN 978-1-4020-8638-0.

1. Gori, Umberto & Paparela, Ivo (2006). [*Invisible Threats: Financial and Information Technology Crimes and National Security*](https://books.google.com/books?id=_GNqA6X_G_8C&pg=PA119). IOS Press. p. 119. ISBN 978-1-58603-664-5.

1. Cornell, Svante & Jonsson, Michael (11 January 2014). [*Conflict, Crime, and the State in Postcommunist Eurasia*](https://books.google.com/books?id=vO_DBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA115). University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 115. ISBN 978-0-8122-0898-6.

1. Lagutov, Viktor (22 October 2008). [*Rescue of Sturgeon Species in the Ural River Basin*](https://books.google.com/books?id=7xmZ2jIOGQsC&pg=PA33). Springer Science & Business Media. p. 33. ISBN 978-1-4020-8924-4.

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Psou](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psou) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psou?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.