# Przedecz

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**Przedecz** (ˈpʂɛdɛt͡ʂ) is a historic town in [Koło County](/source/Ko%C5%82o_County) in the [Greater Poland Voivodeship](/source/Greater_Poland_Voivodeship) in central [Poland](/source/Poland), with 1,779 inhabitants (2006).

## Geography

The town is situated in central Poland, midway between [Chodecz](/source/Chodecz) and [Kłodawa](/source/K%C5%82odawa). It is located about 75 km (47 mi) northwest of [Łódź](/source/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA), 150 km (93 mi) west of [Warsaw](/source/Warsaw) and 130 km (81 mi) east of [Poznań](/source/Pozna%C5%84).

The southeast side of Przedecz borders on the shore of Lake Przedecz. Nearby is one of the sources of the [Noteć](/source/Note%C4%87) river.

## History

Przedecz was founded in the 11th or early 12th century, and was first mentioned in 1136 deed issued by [Pope Innocent II](/source/Pope_Innocent_II), denoting the settlement as a possession held by the Polish [Archbishops of Gniezno](/source/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Gniezno). With the historic [Kujawy](/source/Kujawy) region, the fortified town was conquered by the [Teutonic Knights](/source/Teutonic_Knights) during the First [Polish–Teutonic War](/source/Polish%E2%80%93Teutonic_War_(1326%E2%80%9332)) in 1329. The Teutonic Knights murdered the town's defenders.[1] Re-acquired by King [Casimir III the Great](/source/Casimir_III_the_Great) upon the 1343 [Treaty of Kalisz](/source/Treaty_of_Kalisz_(1343)), municipal laws were introduced in 1365 and Przedecz obtained the status of a [royal city](/source/Royal_city_in_Poland)[2] of the [Kingdom of Poland](/source/Crown_of_the_Kingdom_of_Poland). It was a county seat in the [Brześć Kujawski Voivodeship](/source/Brze%C5%9B%C4%87_Kujawski_Voivodeship) in the [Greater Poland Province](/source/Greater_Poland_Province,_Crown_of_the_Kingdom_of_Poland).[2] A castle with a round tower dating from that time was reconstructed in the 1970s.[3] The city rights were confirmed according to [Magdeburg town law](/source/Magdeburg_town_law) by King [Władysław II Jagiełło](/source/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_II_Jagie%C5%82%C5%82o) in 1420.

During the mid-17th-century [Swedish Deluge](/source/Deluge_(history)) campaigns, castle and town were burnt down completely. Upon the [Second Partition of Poland](/source/Second_Partition_of_Poland) in 1793, Przedecz was occupied by [Prussian](/source/Kingdom_of_Prussia) forces and incorporated into the newly established [South Prussia](/source/South_Prussia) province; it passed to the Napoleonic [Duchy of Warsaw](/source/Duchy_of_Warsaw) in 1807 and to Russian [Congress Poland](/source/Congress_Poland) in 1815. From about 1824, a [Protestant](/source/Protestantism) church was built by [German](/source/Germans) settlers on the ruins of the medieval castle. The present town hall, a [Neoclassical](/source/Neoclassical_architecture) building, was erected in 1826. Other sites of interest comprise the early twentieth century [Neo-Gothic](/source/Gothic_Revival_architecture) parish church of the Holy Family[3] by renown Polish architect [Józef Pius Dziekoński](/source/J%C3%B3zef_Pius_Dzieko%C5%84ski). During the [January Uprising](/source/January_Uprising), in February 1863, after the Russian regiment left the town, a Polish insurgent unit arrived, took over the local weapons storage and took 10 Russian prisoners of war.[4] Przedecz was stripped of its town rights in 1867 as punishment for the Polish January Uprising. The town rights were restored in 1919,[3] shortly after Poland regained independence in 1918.

During the [German occupation of Poland](/source/Occupation_of_Poland_(1939%E2%80%931945)) ([World War II](/source/World_War_II)), the [Jewish community of Przedecz](/source/Przedecz_(Jewish_community)), numbering around 800 and comprising about 25 percent of the town's residents, was wiped out by the occupiers. Some were murdered in the town; most were sent to the [Chełmno extermination camp](/source/Che%C5%82mno_extermination_camp) where they were immediately gassed. There were only 13 known survivors but none returned to the town to live. Several historic buildings used by the community remain. In June 1940, 360 [Poles](/source/Polish_people) were [expelled](/source/Expulsion_of_Poles_by_Nazi_Germany) from Przedecz, mostly to the [General Government](/source/General_Government), while 50 Poles were deported to [forced labour](/source/Forced_labour_under_German_rule_during_World_War_II) to Germany, and their houses, shops and workshops were then handed over to German colonists as part of the *[Lebensraum](/source/Lebensraum)* policy.[5]

## Sports

The local [football](/source/Association_football) club is Baszta Przedecz.[6] It competes in the lower leagues.

## Transport

Voivodeship road 269 bypasses Przedecz to the north.

The nearest railway station is Kłodawa.

## Notable people

[Władysław Umiński](/source/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Umi%C5%84ski) (1865–1954), author[7]: 118

## References

1. Strzyż, Piotr (2009). *Płowce 1331* (in Polish). Warszawa: Bellona. p. 176. ISBN 978-83-11-11635-1.

1. *Atlas historyczny Polski. Kujawy i ziemia dobrzyńska w drugiej połowie XVI wieku. Część I. Mapy, plany* (in Polish). Warszawa: Instytut Historii [Polskiej Akademii Nauk](/source/Polish_Academy_of_Sciences). 2021. p. 1.

1. [Przedecz.net - Nieoficjalny Serwis Miasta Przedecz](http://www.przedecz.net/index.php?en=1&dzial=&strona=&kronika=&nr=)

1. Zieliński, Stanisław (1913). *Bitwy i potyczki 1863-1864. Na podstawie materyałów drukowanych i rękopiśmiennych Muzeum Narodowego w Rapperswilu* (in Polish). Rapperswil: Fundusz Wydawniczy [Muzeum Narodowego w Rapperswilu](/source/Polish_Museum,_Rapperswil). p. 23.

1. Wardzyńska, Maria (2017). *Wysiedlenia ludności polskiej z okupowanych ziem polskich włączonych do III Rzeszy w latach 1939-1945* (in Polish). Warszawa: [IPN](/source/Institute_of_National_Remembrance). pp. 226, 230. ISBN 978-83-8098-174-4.

1. ["Baszta Przedecz - strona klubu"](https://basztaprzedecz.futbolowo.pl) (in Polish). Retrieved 5 September 2020.

1. Umiński, Józef Mirosław (1997). [*Dla ciebie, Polsko: dzieje rodu Umińskich*](https://books.google.com/books?id=Bs22AAAAIAAJ&q=%22Julian+Umi%C5%84ski%22) (in Polish). Kontrast. ISBN 978-83-904712-4-2.

## External links

- [Official website](http://www.przedecz.konin.lm.pl/)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Przedecz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Przedecz) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Przedecz?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.