# Protestant scholasticism

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{{Use Oxford spelling|date=March 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}}
'''Protestant scholasticism''' or '''Protestant orthodoxy'''{{sfn|"Protestant Orthodoxy"|2006}} was [academic theology](/source/academic_theology) practiced by [Protestant](/source/Protestant) theologians using the [scholastic method](/source/scholastic_method) during the era of [Calvinist](/source/Calvinist_orthodoxy) and [Lutheran orthodoxy](/source/Lutheran_orthodoxy) from the 16th to 18th centuries.{{sfn|"Protestant Orthodoxy"|2006}} Protestant scholasticism developed out of the need to clearly define and defend church doctrine against the [Catholic Church](/source/Catholic_Church) and other Protestant churches. It refers to both [Lutheran scholasticism](/source/Lutheran_scholasticism) and [Reformed scholasticism](/source/Reformed_scholasticism). [Anglicanism](/source/Anglicanism) never developed a scholastic theology; however, Anglican writers in the 1600s studied [early Christian writings](/source/Church_Fathers) to prove that Anglicanism had faithfully followed the teachings and practices of the [early Church](/source/early_Church).{{sfn|Campbell|1996|pp=126–127}}

Protestant scholasticism "became the dominant organizational approach to teaching theology in the academies" before its influence began to wane in the 17th and 18th centuries.{{sfn|Klauber|1998|p=129}}

[Martin Luther](/source/Martin_Luther) was highly critical of [Aristotelianism](/source/Aristotelianism) in medieval theology, but was mainly influenced by [William of Ockham](/source/William_of_Ockham).{{Sfn|Cooper|2022}}

==References==
===Notes===
{{Portal|Christianity}}
{{reflist}}

===Bibliography===
{{refbegin}}
*{{cite book
|last=Campbell
|first=Ted A.
|year=1996
|title=Christian Confessions: A Historical Introduction
|location=Louisville, Kentucky
|publisher=Westminster John Knox Press
|isbn=978-0-664-25650-0
}}
*{{Citation
| last = Cooper 
| first = Jordan B. 
| title = What Exactly is Protestant Scholasticism and Why Does It Matter? On the Protestant Adoption of Realism
| newspaper = Credo Magazine
| volume = 12
| issue = 1
| date = March 22, 2022
| url = https://credomag.com/article/what-exactly-is-protestant-scholasticism-and-why-does-it-matter/
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230603205735/https://credomag.com/article/what-exactly-is-protestant-scholasticism-and-why-does-it-matter/
| archive-date = 3 June 2023}}
*{{cite book
|last=Klauber
|first=Martin I.
|year=1998
|chapter=The Eclipse of Reformed Scholasticism in Eighteenth-Century Geneva: Natural Theology from Jean-Alphonse Turretin to Jacob Vernet
|editor1-last=Roney
|editor1-first=John B.
|editor2-last=Klauber
|editor2-first=Martin I.
|title=The Identity of Geneva: The Christian Commonwealth, 1564–1864
|series=Contributions to the Study of World History
|volume=59
|location=Westport, Connecticut
|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group
|pages=129–142
|isbn=978-0-313-29868-4
|issn=0885-9159
}}
*{{cite encyclopedia
|year=2006
|title=Protestant Orthodoxy
|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Protestant-Orthodoxy
|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica
|access-date=11 March 2017
|ref={{sfnref|"Protestant Orthodoxy"|2006}}
}}
{{refend}}

Category:Calvinist theology
Category:Christian theological movements
Category:Lutheran theology
Category:Scholasticism

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Protestant scholasticism](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestant_scholasticism) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestant_scholasticism?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.