# Private place > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Private_place > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Private_place.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_place > Source revision: 1303584337 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Short description|Self-governing housing development in St. Louis, Missouri}} {{about|the phenomenon in the St. Louis area|the broader concept|Private property}} [[Image:Washington terrace gate st. louis.jpg|right|250px|thumb|Gate at [Washington Terrace, St. Louis](/source/Washington_Terrace_(St._Louis)), 1892]] A '''private place''' is a self-governing [enclave](/source/enclave) whose common areas (e.g. streets) are owned by the residents, and whose services are provided by the [private sector](/source/private_sector). The history of [St. Louis](/source/St._Louis), [Missouri](/source/Missouri), and its near suburbs is significant in the development of private places. Most were laid out by Prussian-born surveyor and planner [Julius Pitzman](/source/Julius_Pitzman), who conceived the idea around 1868 as a way for residential landowners to control real estate speculation and maintain property standards, in an era before the protections of [zoning](/source/Zoning_in_the_United_States). Pitzman designed 47 of these developments over a 50-year period.David T. Beito, [http://www.as.ua.edu/history/html/faculty/beitofromprivies.pdf ''From Privies to Boulevards: The Private Supply of Infrastructure in the United States during the Nineteenth Century''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720222104/http://www.as.ua.edu/history/html/faculty/beitofromprivies.pdf |date=2011-07-20 }} in Jerry Jenkins and David Sisk, eds., Development by Consent: The Voluntary Supply of Public Goods and Services, San Francisco: ICS Press, 1993, 23–48; and ''The Formation of Urban Infrastructure through Non-Governmental Planning: The Private Places of St. Louis, 1869–1920,'' Journal of Urban History 16 (May 1990), 263–301. The first of these, Lucas Place, dates from 1851 and no longer exists as such. But the growth of these developments began in earnest with Benton Place, in 1868, a 12-house development adjacent to [Lafayette Square, St. Louis](/source/Lafayette_Square%2C_St._Louis), and is in more-or-less original condition today. [Vandeventer Place](/source/Vandeventer%2C_St._Louis), opened in 1870 and included a house design by [H.H. Richardson](/source/H.H._Richardson). Vandeventer Place has been replaced by urban development, with the exception of the east gate, which was removed to [Forest Park](/source/Forest_Park_(St._Louis)). In the 1920s, the idea was extended west into the county, particularly [Ladue](/source/Ladue), by developers such as [Meier and Comfort](/source/Meier_and_Comfort). These privately controlled single-family housing communities in the midst of the city are legally organized somewhat similarly to [condominium](/source/Condominium_(living_space))s, [co-op](/source/Co-op)s or [homeowners association](/source/homeowners_association)s. In 1982, the St. Louis metropolitan area had more than 427 [street association](/source/street_association)s administering private places.{{citation|author1=Parks, Roger B. |author2=Ronald J. Oakerson |name-list-style=amp |year=1988|title=Metropolitan Organization: The St. Louis Case|publisher=Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations|pages=9, 84}} Although often associated with high-end communities, neighborhoods of various socio-economic natures have been structured as private places. ==Private places in the City of St. Louis== * [Clifton Heights](/source/Clifton_Heights%2C_St._Louis) (1885) * [Westmoreland Place and adjacent Portland Place](/source/Portland_and_Westmoreland_Places) (1888) - Portland gates designed by [Theodore Link](/source/Theodore_Link) * [Compton Heights](/source/Compton_Heights%2C_St._Louis) (1889) * [Lewis Place](/source/Lewis_Place%2C_St._Louis) (1890) * [Washington Terrace](/source/Washington_Terrace_(St._Louis)) (1892) * Hortense Place (1900) * [Kingsbury Place](/source/Kingsbury_Place) (1902) - the gates #3, #7, and #11, designed by [Thomas P. Barnett](/source/Thomas_P._Barnett) * Lenox Place (1903) * [Parkview Place](/source/Parkview%2C_St._Louis%2C_Missouri) (1905), Pitzman's final development File:Hortense Place.jpg|Hortense Place File:Kingsbury Place.jpg|Kingsbury Place File:Portland Place.jpg|Portland Place File:Westmoreland Place.jpg|Westmoreland Place ==Private places in St. Louis County== *Brentmoor Park ([Clayton](/source/Clayton%2C_Missouri)) *Carrswold (Clayton) *Lake Forest ([Richmond Heights](/source/Richmond_Heights%2C_Missouri)) *Hampton Park (Richmond Heights) *Scarsdale (Richmond Heights) *[Fair Oaks](/source/Meier_and_Comfort) ([Ladue](/source/Ladue%2C_Missouri)) *Dromara (Ladue) *La Hacienda (Ladue) *Briarcliff (Ladue) *[Picardy Lane](/source/Meier_and_Comfort) (Ladue) *Chevy Chase ([Olivette](/source/Olivette%2C_Missouri)) File:Brentmoor Park.jpg|Brentmoor Park File:Carrswold.jpg|Carrswold File:Dromara.jpg|Dromara File:Fair Oaks Estates.jpg|Fair Oaks ==References== {{reflist}} == External links == * [http://stlouis.missouri.org/501c/chm/lucas.htm Online history of Lucas Place] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090201130635/http://kingsburyplace.org/index.html Online site for Kingsbury Place] Category:Property law in the United States Category:Gated communities in Missouri Category:History of St. Louis --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Private place](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_place) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_place?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.