# Prince-provost

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{{Short description|High-ranking church official}}
[[File:Joseph Conrad von Schroffenberg.jpg|thumb|Joseph Konrad von Schroffenberg, last Prince-provost of [Berchtesgaden](/source/Berchtesgaden_Provostry), c. 1790]]
{{Catholic Church hierarchy sidebar|Additional titles}}
'''Prince-provost''' ({{langx|de|Fürstpropst}}) is a rare title for a monastic superior with the ecclesiastical style of [provost](/source/Provost_(religion)) who is also a [Prince of the Holy Roman Empire](/source/Prince_of_the_Holy_Roman_Empire) (''Reichsfürst''), holding a direct vote in the [Imperial Diet](/source/Imperial_Diet_(Holy_Roman_Empire)) assembly coequal to an actual [Prince-abbot](/source/Prince-abbot), as in each case treated below.

==Berchtesgaden Provostry==
The monastery of [Augustinian](/source/Augustinians) [Canons Regular](/source/Canons_Regular) at [Berchtesgaden](/source/Berchtesgaden), established about 1102, had already enjoyed an [immediate](/source/Imperial_immediacy) status within the [Bavarian Circle](/source/Bavarian_Circle), equal to an [Imperial abbey](/source/List_of_Imperial_abbeys). In 1559 the provosts were elevated to the rank of a Prince of the Empire in chief of the small lordship. The full style of the office became ''Fürst, Propst und Herr zu Berchtesgaden''. In the course of the [German Mediatisation](/source/German_Mediatisation) in 1803, the [Berchtesgaden Provostry](/source/Berchtesgaden_Provostry) was annexed by the [Electorate of Salzburg](/source/Electorate_of_Salzburg), it finally fell to the [Kingdom of Bavaria](/source/Kingdom_of_Bavaria) in 1810.

===Prince-provosts of Berchtesgaden===
* 1559–1567 Wolfgang Griesstätter zu Haslach; 1541–1559 Provost and [Imperial prelate](/source/List_of_Imperial_abbeys) (German: ''Reichsprälat'') in Berchtesgaden
* 1567–1594 Jakob Pütrich
* 1594–1650 [Ferdinand von Bayern](/source/Ferdinand_of_Bavaria_(archbishop)), also [Elector](/source/Prince-elector) and [Prince-Archbishop](/source/Prince-bishop) of [Cologne](/source/Electorate_of_Cologne), Prince-Bishop of [Hildesheim](/source/Bishopric_of_Hildesheim), [Liège](/source/Prince-Bishopric_of_Li%C3%A8ge) and [Münster](/source/Prince-Bishopric_of_M%C3%BCnster) from 1612, as well as Prince-Bishop of [Paderborn](/source/Prince-Bishopric_of_Paderborn) from 1618.
* 1650–1688 [Maximilian Heinrich von Bayern](/source/Maximilian_Henry_of_Bavaria), also Elector of Cologne and Prince-Bishop of Hildesheim and Liège as well as Prince-Bishop of Münster from 1683
* 1688–1723 [Joseph Clemens von Bayern](/source/Joseph_Clemens_of_Bavaria), Prince-Bishop of [Freising](/source/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Munich_and_Freising) and [Regensburg](/source/Bishopric_of_Regensburg) from 1685 to 1694, Elector of Cologne from 1688, Prince-Bishop of Liège (from 1694) and Hildesheim (from 1702)
* 1723–1732 Julius Heinrich von Rehlingen-Radau
* 1732–1752 Cajetan Anton von Notthaft
* 1752–1768 Michael Balthasar von Christallnigg
* 1768–1780 Franz Anton Josef von Hausen-Gleichenstorff
* 1780–1803 Joseph Konrad von Schroffenberg-Mös (d. 1803), also Prince-Bishop of Freising and Regensburg from 1789
thumb|Clemens Wenceslaus of Saxony, last Prince-Provost of Ellwangen

==Ellwangen Abbey==
The abbots of the Benedictine Abbey known as ''[Stift Ellwangen](/source/Ellwangen_Abbey)'' founded in 764 had become Princes of the Empire (style ''[Reichsabt](/source/Prince-abbot)'') in 1215 with a direct vote in the [Imperial Diet](/source/Imperial_Diet_(Holy_Roman_Empire)). Since its conversion into a college of secular canons in 1460, the superiors retained that status, with their full style changed to ''Fürstliche Pröpste zu Ellwangen'' ("Princely Provosts of Ellwangen") in the [Swabian Circle](/source/Swabian_Circle). During the German Mediatisation on 27 April 1803 it was incorporated into the [Electorate of Württemberg](/source/Electorate_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg).

===Prince-Provosts of Ellwangen===
* 1460–1461 Johann von Hürnheim, previously Abbot ''nullius'' of Ellwangen 1452–1460
* 1461–1502 Albrecht von Rechberg
* 1502–1503 Bernhard von Westerstetten
* 1503–1521 Albrecht Thumb von Neuburg
* 1521–1552 [Henry of the Palatinate](/source/Henry_of_the_Palatinate_(bishop)), also Prince-Bishop of [Worms](/source/Bishopric_of_Worms) from 1523 and of [Utrecht](/source/Prince-Bishopric_of_Utrecht) from 1524 to 1529, Prince-Bishop of Freising from 1541
* 1552–1573 Cardinal [Otto Truchsess von Waldburg](/source/Otto_Truchsess_von_Waldburg), also Prince-Bishop of [Augsburg](/source/Prince-Bishopric_of_Augsburg) since 1543
* 1573–1584 Christoph von Freyberg-Eisenberg
* 1584–1603 Wolfgang von Hausen, also Bishop of Regensburg 1602–1613
* 1603–1613 [Johann Christoph von Westerstetten](/source/Johann_Christoph_von_Westerstetten), also Bishop of Eichstädtt 1612–1637
* 1613–1620 Johann Christoph von Freyberg-Eisenberg
* 1621–1654 Johann Jakob Blarer von Wartensee
* 1654–1660 Johann Rudolf von Rechenberg
* 1660–1674 [Johann Christoph von Freyberg-Allmendingen](/source/Johann_Christoph_von_Freyberg-Allmendingen)
* 1674–1687 Johann Christoph Adelmann von Adelmannsfelden
* 1687–1689 Heinrich Christoph von Wolframsdorf
* 1689–1694 [Count Palatine Louis Anton of Neuburg](/source/Ludwig_Anton_von_Pfalz-Neuburg), also [Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights](/source/Grand_Masters_of_the_Teutonic_Knights) since 1684 and Prince-Bishop of Worms from 1691
* 1694–1732 [Count Palatine Francis Louis of Neuburg](/source/Count_Palatine_Francis_Louis_of_Neuburg), also Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights and Prince-Bishop of Worms, Elector and Archbishop of [Trier](/source/Electorate_of_Trier) from 1716 and of [Mainz](/source/Archbishopric_of_Mainz) from 1729
* 1732–1756 [Franz Georg von Schönborn-Buchheim](/source/Franz_Georg_von_Sch%C3%B6nborn-Buchheim), Elector of Trier since 1729, also Prince-Bishop of Worms from 1732
* 1756–1787 Anton Ignaz Joseph Graf von Fugger-Glött, also [Prince-Bishop of Regensburg](/source/Prince-Bishop_of_Regensburg) from 1769
* 1787–1803 [Prince Clemens Wenceslaus of Saxony](/source/Prince_Clemens_Wenceslaus_of_Saxony) (d. 1812), Prince-Bishop of Freising 1763–1768 and of Regensburg 1763–1769, Elector of Trier and Prince-Bishop of Augsburg since 1768

==Weissenburg Abbey==
{{main|Weissenburg Abbey, Alsace}}
The Benedictine abbey established at [Alsatian](/source/Alsace) Weissenburg (now [Wissembourg](/source/Wissembourg)) about 660 was eventually converted into a [collegiate church](/source/collegiate_church) (in 1524) then merged with the [Bishopric of Speyer](/source/Bishopric_of_Speyer) in 1546. The Speyer [Prince-Bishop](/source/Prince-Bishop)s ruled as Provosts of Weissenburg in [personal union](/source/personal_union), thereby holding two direct votes in the Imperial Diet. The 1648 [Peace of Westphalia](/source/Peace_of_Westphalia) ceded Weissenburg to [France](/source/Early_modern_France), and the provostry was finally disestablished in the course of the [French Revolution](/source/French_Revolution) in 1789.

==See also==
* [Prince-abbot](/source/Prince-abbot)
* [Prince-bishop](/source/Prince-bishop)
* [Princes of the Holy Roman Empire](/source/Princes_of_the_Holy_Roman_Empire)
* [Imperial State](/source/Imperial_State)

==Sources==
* [http://www.worldstatesmen.org/German_States1.html WorldStatesmen- German States before 1918 A-E]

Category:Ecclesiastical titles
Category:Prince-bishops in the Holy Roman Empire

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Prince-provost](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince-provost) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince-provost?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.