# Pre-integration complex

> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Pre-integration_complex
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Pre-integration_complex.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-integration_complex
> Source revision: 1313585544
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

{{Short description|Nucleoprotein complex}}
The '''pre-integration complex''' ('''PIC''') is a [nucleoprotein](/source/nucleoprotein) complex of viral [genetic material](/source/genetic_material) and associated viral and host proteins which is capable of inserting a viral genome into a host genome.  The PIC forms after uncoating of a viral particle after entry into the host cell. In the case of the [human immunodeficiency virus](/source/HIV) (HIV), the PIC forms after the Reverse Transcription Complex (RTC) has reverse transcribed the viral RNA into DNA.<ref name=":0">{{cite journal | vauthors = Arhel N | title = Revisiting HIV-1 uncoating | journal = Retrovirology | volume = 7 | issue = 1 | pages = 96 | date = November 2010 | pmid = 21083892 | pmc = 2998454 | doi = 10.1186/1742-4690-7-96 | url =  | doi-access = free }}</ref>  The PIC consists of viral proteins (including [Vpr](/source/Vpr), [matrix](/source/Viral_matrix_protein) and [integrase](/source/integrase)), host proteins (including [Barrier to autointegration factor 1](/source/Barrier_to_autointegration_factor_1)) and the viral DNA.<ref name=":0" />  The PIC enters the cellular nucleus through the [nuclear pore complex](/source/nuclear_pore_complex) without disrupting the [nuclear envelope](/source/nuclear_envelope), thus allowing HIV and related [retroviruses](/source/retroviruses) to replicate in non-dividing cells.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Piller SC, Caly L, Jans DA | title = Nuclear import of the pre-integration complex (PIC): the Achilles heel of HIV? | journal = Current Drug Targets | volume = 4 | issue = 5 | pages = 409–29 | date = July 2003 | pmid = 12816349 | doi = 10.2174/1389450033490984 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = De Rijck J, Vandekerckhove L, Christ F, Debyser Z | title = Lentiviral nuclear import: a complex interplay between virus and host | journal = BioEssays | volume = 29 | issue = 5 | pages = 441–51 | date = May 2007 | pmid = 17450594 | doi = 10.1002/bies.20561 | s2cid = 46411712 }}</ref> Following nuclear entry, the PIC's DNA payload may be integrated into the host [DNA](/source/DNA) as a "[provirus](/source/provirus)".<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Smith JA, Nunnari G, Preuss M, Pomerantz RJ, Daniel R | title = Pentoxifylline suppresses transduction by HIV-1-based vectors | journal = Intervirology | volume = 50 | issue = 5 | pages = 377–86 | year = 2007 | pmid = 17938572 | doi = 10.1159/000109752 | s2cid = 34357038 }}</ref>

== See also ==
*[HIV](/source/HIV)
*[Barrier to autointegration factor 1](/source/Barrier_to_autointegration_factor_1)

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*http://www.mcld.co.uk/hiv/?q=preintegration%20complex
* {{cite journal |vauthors=Suzuki Y, Craigie R | title = The road to chromatin - nuclear entry of retroviruses | journal = Nature Reviews. Microbiology | volume = 5 | issue = 3 | pages = 187–96 | date = March 2007 | pmid = 17304248 | doi = 10.1038/nrmicro1579 | s2cid = 6789517 |ref=none}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pre-Integration Complex}}
Category:Virology

{{biology-stub}}

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Pre-integration complex](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-integration_complex) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-integration_complex?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.