# Povit

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{{Short description|County territorial unit in Ukraine}}
{{Infobox subdivision type
| name=Povits of Ukraine
| alt_name=

| map=Uezd Gubernia Ukraine 1921.jpg
| caption=Povits in 1921 following the [Treaty of Riga](/source/Treaty_of_Riga)
| category=Second level of subdivision
| territory={{nowrap|{{flag|Ukraine}} / {{flag|Ukrainian SSR}}}}
| upper_unit=[Governorates of Ukraine](/source/Governorates_of_Ukraine)
       
| start_date=1918
| start_date1=  
| legislation_begin=
| legislation_end=
| end_date=1923
| end_date1=

| current_number=99
| number_date=1923

| type=
| type1=
| status=
| status1=
| exofficio=

| population_range=  
| area_range=

| government=Povit council

| subdivision=volosts
}}
thumb|Povits in Ukraine in 1900
{{Ukraine subdivisions sidebar}}
A '''povit''' ({{Langx|uk|повіт}}), also known as a [county](/source/county), was a type of historical territorial-administrative and judicial unit in Ukraine, administered by a [starosta](/source/starosta).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=County |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CC%5CO%5CCounty.htm |access-date=2022-09-17 |website=Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine}}</ref> Under the [Russian Empire](/source/Russian_Empire), the Russian administration introduced the system of [uezds](/source/Uezd) which locally (in [Ukrainian language](/source/Ukrainian_language)) were still referred in old manner as povits.<ref>[http://resource.history.org.ua/cgi-bin/eiu/history.exe?Z21ID=&I21DBN=EIU&P21DBN=EIU&S21STN=1&S21REF=10&S21FMT=eiu_all&C21COM=S&S21CNR=20&S21P01=0&S21P02=0&S21P03=TRN=&S21COLORTERMS=0&S21STR=Povit ПОВІТ]. resource.history.org.ua</ref> After Ukraine declared its independence in 1918, povits remained in use until the introduction of [raions](/source/Raion) in 1923.

==Description==
Counties were introduced in Ukrainian territories under Poland (the Commonwealth [Rzeczpospolita](/source/Rzeczpospolita) to be more precise) in the second half of the 14th century ({{Langx|pl|powiat}}). More detailed norms were adopted in the Second [Statutes of Lithuania](/source/Statutes_of_Lithuania) of 1566.

They were introduced in the eighteenth century in the [Cossack State](/source/Cossack_Hetmanate) by the judicial reforms of Hetman [Kyrylo Rozumovskyi](/source/Kyrylo_Rozumovskyi)&nbsp;– while the system of Cossack regiments and companies remained in use as well (see [Cossack host](/source/Cossack_host))&nbsp;– and they became administrative and financial entities in 1782. Under the [Russian Empire](/source/Russian_Empire), counties were also introduced in [Sloboda Ukraine](/source/Sloboda_Ukraine), [Southern Ukraine](/source/Southern_Ukraine), and [Right-Bank Ukraine](/source/Right-bank_Ukraine) ({{Langx|ru|уезд|translit=uezd}}).<ref name=":0" />

In 1913, there were 126 counties in Ukrainian-inhabited territories of the Russian Empire.<ref name=":0" /> Under the [Austrian Empire](/source/Austrian_Empire) in 1914, there were 59 counties in Ukrainian-inhabited Galicia, 34 in [Transcarpathia](/source/Carpathian_Ruthenia), and 10 in [Bukovina](/source/Bukovina).<ref name=":0" /> Counties were retained by the independent [Ukrainian People's Republic](/source/Ukrainian_People's_Republic) of 1917–1921, and in [Czechoslovakia](/source/First_Czechoslovak_Republic), [Poland](/source/Second_Polish_Republic), and [Romania](/source/Kingdom_of_Romania) until the Soviet annexations at the start of World War II. 99 counties formed the [Ukrainian SSR](/source/Ukrainian_SSR) in 1919, where they were abolished in 1923–25 in favour of 53 [okruhas](/source/Okruhas_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic) (in turn replaced by [oblasts](/source/Oblasts_of_Ukraine) in 1930–32), although they existed in the [Zakarpattia Oblast](/source/Zakarpattia_Oblast) until 1953.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Okruha |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CO%5CK%5COkruha.htm |access-date=2022-09-17 |website=Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine}}</ref>

==List of povits==
===Volhynian Governorate===
* Starokostiantyniv povit
* Iziaslav povit
* Novohrad-Volynskyi povit
* Polonne povit (created out of portions of Novohrad-Volynskyi povit)
* Zhytomyr povit
* Korosten povit (created out of portions of Ovruch povit)
* Ovruch povit

===Kyiv Governorate===
* Berdychiv povit
* Lypovets povit
* Uman povit
* Radomyshl povit
* Chornobyl povit (created out of portions of Radomyshl povit)
* Skvyra povit
* Zvenyhorodka povit
* Kyiv povit
* Bila Tserkva povit (renamed)
* Pereiaslav povit (transferred from Poltava Governorate)
* Bohuslav povit (renamed)
* Tarashcha povit

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Slavic-language terms for administrative divisions}}
{{authority control}}

Category:Types of administrative division
Category:Former administrative divisions of Ukraine
Category:Povits of Ukraine

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Povit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Povit) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Povit?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.