# Posterior segment of eyeball

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{{Short description|Back two-thirds of the eye}}
{{Infobox anatomy
| Name        = Posterior segment
| Latin       = segmentum posterius bulbi oculi
| Image       = Schematic diagram of the human eye en.svg
| Caption     = Schematic diagram of the [human eye](/source/human_eye)
| Precursor   =
| System      =
| Artery      =

| Vein        =
| Nerve       =
| Lymph       =
}}
The '''posterior segment''' or '''posterior cavity'''<ref>{{Cite journal |date=29 August 2014 |title=Medical gallery of Blausen Medical 2014 |url=https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/WikiJournal_of_Medicine/Medical_gallery_of_Blausen_Medical_2014 |journal=WikiJournal of Medicine |volume=1 |issue=2 |doi=10.15347/WJM/2014.010 |doi-access=free}}</ref> is the back two-thirds of the [eye](/source/human_eye) that includes the [anterior hyaloid membrane](/source/anterior_hyaloid_membrane) and all of the optical structures behind it: the [vitreous humor](/source/vitreous_humor), [retina](/source/retina), [choroid](/source/choroid), and [optic nerve](/source/optic_nerve).<ref name="Posterior segment anatomy">[http://www.e-sunbear.com/anatomy_04.html Posterior segment anatomy] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080928144308/http://www.e-sunbear.com/anatomy_04.html |date=2008-09-28 }}</ref> The portion of the posterior segment visible during [ophthalmoscopy](/source/ophthalmoscopy) (or fundoscopy) is sometimes referred to as the [posterior pole](/source/posterior_pole), or [fundus](/source/Fundus_(eye)). Some [ophthalmologist](/source/ophthalmologist)s specialize in the treatment and management of posterior segment disorders and diseases.<ref>[http://www.neec.com/pages/Vitreoretinal_Disease.html Vitreoretinal Disease & Surgery - New England Eye Center]</ref>

In some animals, the retina contains a reflective layer (the [tapetum lucidum](/source/tapetum_lucidum)) which increases the amount of light each photosensitive cell perceives, reflecting the light out of the eye, allowing the animal to see better under low light conditions.

==See also==
*[Anterior segment](/source/Anterior_segment)
*[Posterior chamber](/source/Posterior_chamber_of_eyeball) (of the anterior segment)
*[Vitreous chamber](/source/Vitreous_chamber)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{eye}}
{{Authority control}}

Category:Human eye anatomy

{{eye-stub}}

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Posterior segment of eyeball](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_segment_of_eyeball) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_segment_of_eyeball?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.